About the constitutional structure fiscal imbalance, the same constitution also created a Public Prosecutors Office on autonomy creating the which is the fourth autonomous branch of the government. It has revealed all of these scandals now. Theres nothing the executive branch could do to stop it if they wanted to under the constitution. So my question is a structural one. You who are all experts on brazil, what do you think jessica is an argument that can theade that the strength of republic of brazil is good for brazil and the longterm. Actually is a strengthening factor for the consolidation and continuation of a good democracy , but it has created the current prices. If the executive branch were in charge like the United States, none of this wouldve been revealed, because the executive branch wouldve shut it down. I would like to know what if you made the comparison with other latin american countries . I would like to discuss whether or not this Prosecutors Office is in fact a very important positive in brazil . Or is it a factor that is harmful to the economy because of its effect on the private sector . Likes michael . Michael . I will let one protester being interviewed does not speak for 100 billion plus people, but this protester did tell the journalist it is time to bring back the military. Howure is a zillion secure is brazilian 100 secure. You had a question . [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, [speaking spanish] [speaking spanish] thank you very much. Why dont we go back. Peter, why dont you start . Nd then well go to paolo mr. Hakim hes asking us to get organized. What icommodities issue, am beginning to hear is a commodity cycle is not important in brazil as it is made out to be. The question is whether this was going to be a consumerled economy. They were driving this. The estimates the world bank and the imf commodities did not play as huge a role in brazil as they have in other countries. If there is going to be a change, i suspect it is not going to come from the government. It is going to come from investors. The government has to let them invest, so to make the environment more friendly. Im not sure the commodity is the central feature. Regarding whether prosecutors are a plus or minus, there is no doubt they would be a plus if the rest of the system were working, thats for sure. One has to say better to have one break in place that is there , while the others are being reconfigured, then it is to have all of them working badly together. Plus, that itt a is good to have this certainly at this point. Judge that is at the center of this, that is a hero for the people on the streets. Elected ably be president if there was an open election at this point. A lot of brazilians think it is a good thing. Beyond lth, thats i agree, health is important. Paraguay, small countries get treated differently than bigger countries. You must know that by now. [laughter] nobody if they him preach the president if they him preach if they impeach the president finally, the brazil, i think paolo is probably right, the military is not coming back in latin america as i can see. In the honduras, the military was not able to take charge, far less than brazil. You comment on the question of the regional applications of this . Mr. Hakim im so uncertain what is going to happen in brazil, it is hard to. Heavily invested throughout latin america, including building. So if they were to go bankrupt which is not impossible, if they were to run into an impossibility of operating and unable to get any more government contracts, which is probable, this is going to affect projects in many countries. Of many only one construction companies. Is one of the many investments brazil has in many other countries. This is why they were able to they wererecht brecht. Fund auto building infrastructure, ports, etc. It tests etc. Etc. Especially now that the comes states with a delay to normalize relations with cuba. Other countries will remain there. They feel someone will buy those things. About a good program, very positive of the cuban, to which i say if brazilian doctors are not going to go and serve the people of brazil where we need service, i want to cuban, russian, chinese, nepalese, i want all the doctors as long as they cure the people. The problem is now the money has started to roll down. There have been reports about some, including a cuban doctor, that became the poster boy of poster boy of the program. Do not think lowly of the military. They are sensible people. They are not interested in doing any other thing than serving the country. Which ishe job guarding the country. He will not participate in a coup. They should put that question to rest. There is not going to be a coup detat in brazil. Agree withecutors, i peter. Democracies change slowly. Because of hearing the unpopular president in the United States they say big changes are made of small changes. When small changes happen, brazil didnt start recently, it happened before. I think the dangers that politicians run into brazil, they try to do these proverbial pizza, to take authority away from the federal prosecutorss office. To undermine judges that are doing the similar work. Tot, i think, is could lead explosion. Dont touch that. Is achieving a level of sacredness in brazil. Thats the part that people feel proud about. It is going to continue to reform. , thee other thing question, i like this, to take to think about the problem of the brazil economy. Low innovation. The largest Coffee Producer in the world. D no one valadez . Valadez . Know one do you know espresso . That is swiss. Because we are a commodity country. That we love so much. This is one example. When we put our minds to do [indiscernible] we have the solutions. The solutions are all in brazil. The result of a lot of cooperation. As a result of a Program Operation between the air force in brazil. We know what the problems are. I dont think brazil has an alternative. When i look to young people in brazil i dont think they will accept solutions that will be the business as usual. ,he other day i read something brian winter about brazil going back to the old ways. I disagree with that. Brazil is not going back to the old ways. I think the president from the news, he continues to be an excellent politician. He is under federal investigations. Do you know he was thinking nominatingresident him for the cabinet. Because that would give him full of privilege. In case he would be protected from the prosecutor of the regular folk in brazil. I think the president thinks about that. I feel very saddened that the , nowdent as popular as him you see him in prison it is very sad. Now he is in the situation. This is he going to come back . I think there is no chance of that happening. , but i not go as far think the chances of that happening are slim right now. There is also something that happens in brazilian politics, biology. Biology happens. It continues to happen. The reason a new generation politicians are coming, five years ago we didnt know who surgeon moto was. There are new politicians. People who are looking at the situation and analyzing if they want to jump into the system. Brazil is unraveling and completely dysfunctional. Theres a lot of uncertainty. Stay tuned. Dont bet against brazil. We will get a final word. Quickly on the economy, i think peter made an interesting point. I think that commodities were important driver that lead to complacency from the governments point of view. Now we are not talking about commodities Commodity Prices are still relatively high compared to where they were 15 years ago. Were not going back. It is not a repeat of the 80s. Growth a key driver for would be the middle class. Hopefully it continues to be middleclass. Dleclass once better middleclass wants better expenses. That is driving politics more and more. That is going to drive the economy more. There is a lag affect there. It is a matter where it comes from, but they need better services. Ive said this before, it is not a matter of having access to goods. Million it is a matter of having access to phones that actually work. The debate shifts from the good to the services that make those goods useful. That is going to be a key driver for Economic Growth going forward. That leads to unaccompanied desperately still in opening up. Constitution is a bad thing of course. There were some excesses in some sense. In hindsight, the country came out after 20 years of dictatorship. I dont think this is another corruption scandal. I think there are lessons learned. There is institutional progress in brazil. This time around you have plea bargain deals. There is an anticorruption law. So there is an evil lucian there. There is an evolution there. Creativept become more once oversight becomes stronger. I think there is room for you to rebound, brazils institutional structure. At least with these entitlements. Finalize, looking at brazil in the next 20 years, the server lining desk the silver lining, the reactions when crisis reactions it is to be slow, but it tends to happen. Weve seen that with the rialto land. We are starting to see that again. We might complain that it is not a very linear process. But it is in that direction. That is the silver lining. Major Political Forces in brazil none of them are calling for more radical policies. Depending on what kind of angle you have is the one we have right now. Brazilian auditions are practical people. Mentioned thing, you i made a note of it. That then you corrected later and said things that they revealed. What caused the crisis in brazil were crimes committed against public interest. That was the cause. Thatthey did was to reveal to the public. Thats what should date thats what they should have done. I think it is very good they did it. It is very sad to see all of this happened. I think this is all positive. We are going to learn the lessons and come out all right. Brazil may be hard to predict, but it is easy to predict the quality of analysis. Rom peter, paolo i want to take all of them and i want to think you for coming up this morning. It is not always upbeat, but there are encouraging positive things as well. Stay tuned. We will have more coming on brazil and other issues. Thank you, enjoy the rest of your august. Things for coming [applause] coming. S for [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2014] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] coming up, we will talk to steve forbes about the upcoming race. Then call racine joins us to discuss the use of synthetic drugs in the u. S. Cities. Live everyjournal morning at 7 00 eastern on cspan. You can join the conversation on facebook and twitter. This weekend on the cspan network, politics, books and American History. On cspan saturday, live coverage of president of candidates at the iowa state fair continues. Well hear from Chris Christie at noon. Bobby jindal at 1 00 p. M. Sunday evening, at 6 30, scott walker holds a town hall meeting. On cspan2, book tv is live at the mississippi book festival, beginning at 11 30 a. M. Coverage begins with nikki haley with haley barbour. The literary lives of harper lee. Arthur and columnist katie keeter hears critical thoughts katie kiefer hears critical thoughts about president obama. The preservation of new yorks cultural landmarks. The history of the commission created to protect them. Sunday at four clock p. M. , a real america. A program administered by the Johnson Administration to help improve relations between the police and the community in washington, dc, after the 1968 martin is the king assassination. Get our complete schedule at cspan. Org. Reporterscarter told that the u. S. Military prison in Guantanamo Bay should be closed before president barack obama leaves office. He said the pentagon is looking at sites in the u. S. To move detainees currently being held. Sec. Carter hi, everyone. Afternoon. Well, i want to begin this afternoon by congratulating the most recent graduate of the u. S. Armys ranger school. As many of you in this room have reported, two remarkable women are among the 96 remarkable people who graduated. Theyre the first two women to pass through this elite proving ground for military leadership. Earlier today, i had the privilege of offering my personal congratulations to the two of them, who, along with their fellow graduates, have now earned the right to wear the ranger tab. Truly, its a huge credit for anyone, man or woman, to endure the intense training and curriculum at ranger school, and to prevail and graduate. Clearly, these two soldiers are trail blazers. And after all, thats what it means to be a ranger. Rangers lead the way. These recent graduates will be leaders of our army, of our force of the future, and like every ranger serving today, theyll help lead the finest fighting force the world has ever known. Because of the foundations that were laid for women to serve in additional roles, actually during my tenure here as deputy secretary of defense, which im pleased i take special satisfaction in the strides like this, that we continue to make. Approximately 110,000 Ground Combat positions have been opened to women since then, and the departments policy is that all Ground Combat positions will be open to women, unless rigorous analysis of factual data shows that the positions must remain closed. On october 1st, the services will provide a report to the chairman requesting any exception to this policy. And ill review the services recommendation and make a final determination on that issue by the end of this year. As we open new subject, now. As we open a new chapter in our history, we continue our work to bring another chapter, on a different subject, to a close. Working with our interagency colleagues, with the white house and the congress, we continue our efforts to close the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay. Here, let me reiterate what i have consistently stated as long as this detention facility remains open, it will remain a rallying cry for jihadi propaganda. The taxpayers are paying too high a financial price to keep this facility open. And additionally, closing the detention facility at guantanamo is not something, in my judgment, that we should leave to the next president , whether republican or democrat. Its for all of these reasons that ive strongly supported president obamas commitment to bringing a responsible end to Holding Detainees at guantanamo. Now to move forward on guantanamo and this is something ive stressed also there are two groups of detainees we need to address. First, theres a share of detainees who have been or could be deemed eligible for transfer to other nations. But only in a way that mitigates the threat that these detainees might pose to the security of the United States. Finding a solution for these individuals involves complicated negotiations with international partners, extensive consultations with the leaders of the National Security and legal organizations and final approval by me. My responsibility to assess that the risk of any transfer has been mitigated is not only the law but common sense. We do this carefully, we do it deliberately. Ive approved the transfer of several detainees and continue will continue to do so when appropriate. Still, i have stressed and this is important that transferring this group of detainees represents only one complex piece of this equation. We cannot, in fact, close guantanamo until we find a solution to the second portion of the Gitmo Detainee population, namely those who are not eligible for transfer. This is a group of detainees who, in the interest of our National Security, should remain in law of war detention. I, therefore, want to complete a responsible, realistic and securityfocused plan for an alternative defense detention facility in the United States for that second population. Im pleased that many members from both sides of the aisles in congress have indicated their interest in and willingness to consider such a plan. Here, we will continue to engage with congress in finding a solution. So working with closely with other senior leaner leaders of the president s National Security team, we recently took another concrete step forward in this direction. Under my direction, dod assessment teams are evaluating alternative detention sites and examine the investments required to make facilities suitable for holding this second group of detainees. Assessment teams have gone to leavenworth and will soon go to charleston to analyze requirements. This does not mean that either of these sites will be chosen. We will also be assessing other locations in coming weeks. Ultimately, the facility surveys will provide me, the rest of the president s National Security team and congress with some of the information needed to chart a responsible way forward and a plan so that we can close the detention facility at guantanamo and this chapter in our history once and for all. And, finally, while it may be the dog days of august, were forging ahead here in the pentagon with some critical work , and i dont need to remind anyone in this room that its only 41 days until a budget must be passed. I hope that, in the coming days and weeks, congress will come together and pass a responsible budget. To build the force of the future, the one our warfighters, our taxpayers and our nation deserves, we need budget certainty. With that, ill open it up for questions. Yes . Mr. Secretary, two things on syria. First, im wondering if you can bring us up to date on the syria train and equip program and how you what you believe is necessary for the u. S. To do in order to either change or adjust how they are deployed to avert what has happened last month. And secondly, on turkeys expected launch of airstrikes into syria, that has not yet begun again, that there was one initial. But there was a lot of discussion about the u. S. Needed to sign some sort of mou so that turkey could launch airstrikes into syria. Where do you see that . Is there progress . Or do you think turkey is dragging its feet and will instead continue to focus its efforts on the pkk . Sec. Carter ok. Let me do the train and equip part first. That program is part of the strategy. The strategy is the right one, namely the strategy of training, equipping and then enabling local Ground Forces because thats the only way to have a lasting defeat of isil. Thats possible because were weve been doing it in other places, for example, the kurds with elements of the Iraqi Security forces. Ive been candid that it is difficult and has been difficult with respect to syria. And accordingly, we are, to answer your question, working on adjusting that program constantly, based upon the lessons weve learned so far, the experience weve had, to try to expand the numbers and the scope of that program. Thats difficult work but its necessary work. With respect to turkey, we do want turkey to do more in the fight against isil. Your specific question was about turkey joining in the Coalition Air campaign. The turks have agreed in principle to do that. They now need to join the socalled ato and participate in that. Thats only one part of what we need turkey to do and what turkey has indicated some willingness to do. We need them also as a neighbor to this conflict zone, as a longtime nato ally and a responsible member of the antiisil coalition, to control the border, the long border that they have with both syria and iraq, more than it has been controlled over the last year. It is a border over which logistics for isil and fighters cross, and so were looking for them to do more in that regard as well and are in active discussions with them about that second part, which is doing more along the border. So we need turkey to do more. Were in active discussions, including the president himself. Theyve indicated considerable willingness to do that. Were working through the practicalities of that. And its extremely important for the campaign against isil. Do you believe theyre dragging their feet . Sec. Carter no, i dont think theyre dragging their feet. I think that they have their leadership has indicated that they this needs to be done. Its overdue, because its a year into the campaign, but theyre indicating some considerable effort now, including some allowing us to use their airfields. Thats important, but its not enough. They need to join the ato and they need to work more on controlling their border. And weve we have made that clear. Barbara . Can i ask you to step back for a minute on all of this. The Intelligence Community has openly called the fight against isis as a stalemate at best right now. While theres been some shifting on the ground, overall, stalemate. You have the turks not moving as fast as youve just said you want them to. The iraqi forces, three months later still struggling to even get back to ramadi, trainandequip in trouble and your own Intelligence Community calling it a stalemate. Your bottom line. It may work eventually. Is it working now . How do you have, as defense secretary, really feel about this at the moment . Is it working . And we and tell me why and why not . And my other question is on gitmo, all of your predecessors have publicly said theyve been pressured by the white house to approve transfers at a higher rate. Can you tell us are you feeling what pressure are you getting from the white house to speed up transfers . Sec. Carter ok, first of all, on the first question, im confident we will defeat isil. It is hard work, its difficult work, i think we have the right strategy. Youre right. Were getting turkey to get to the previous question more into the fight now. Iraq obviously was in no position to effectively counter isil last summer. It is in a better position this summer than it was last summer. Obviously, its not a lot better position than last summer when mosul fell. A better position, for that matter, than three months ago also because there have been some additional iraqi forces that have been trained. Outreach to the sunnis, some substantial successes by kurds in the north, and very serious determination on the part of Prime Minister abadi to carry out the kind of multisectarian governance that is necessary for success. So this is going to be difficult, and its going to take some time. But the strategy is the right one, and were just going to have to keep working on it. Is it sec. Carter with respect to the second is it still sec. Carter im not going to try to characterize it. Well, our Intelligence Community says its a stalemate. Sec. Carter well, then you can report that, but im not going to try to characterize it. Im confident that we will succeed in defeating isil and that we have the right strategy, but its complicated not just only in iraq, as you indicate, but in syria as well. And of course, thats not the only aspect of defeating isil. There is an intelligence aspect of that where we need to know better about isil than we did last summer, and were trying to improve that. The foreign fighter flow, which i talked to earlier, and the economic and humanitarian aspects of this. So there are a number of aspects of it, in addition to the military aspect, that makes it more complicated, but all of those ingredients are socalled nine lines of effort to the final and eventual and certain defeat of isil. With respect to guantanamo, i see it exactly the way the president does, which is as i said, this is a something that is a rallying point for jihadi propaganda, its expensive for this department and not something that the president wants to leave to his successor, and i think that is a very, very correct position. I support it entirely. You you ask about transfers, and we are doing transfers. Im gonna do that very carefully. The public would expect that, thats what the law says, i said the laws consistent with common sense, and im gonna do that when and as i can make the appropriate certification. But the point i was making today, barbara, is an entirely different one, which is that there is a set of the detainees at Guantanamo Bay that are not going to be transferred, because they have theyre not eligible for transfer, so gitmo cant be closed only by addressing that first part, important as that is, and seriously as i take that work and that responsibility. Theres this the second part. So ive been stressing that even as we work hard and deliberately and carefully and responsibly on the first part, which is what im doing and will continue to do, all of that, we have to work on the second part, and thats the point i was making today. I am working with the white house on this, and have been right from the beginning. Courtney . One more followup on gitmo, actually. You mentioned in your Opening Statement that members of congress have shown some willingness to consider such a plan of moving the detainees here to the continental u. S. Have any of those members of congress been ones who would actually potentially see the Detention Center in their state . So like charleston, leavenworth, whatever the civilian ones are that we havent been sec. Carter i dont wanna speak for any particular members. Youd have to ask ask them, but the i think the basic point is that and and i indicated this in the statement, that both charleston and leavenworth happen to be places where we operate detention facilities, and therefore some of the information, including cost information, and so forth, that we need can be obtained by visiting those two. That doesnt mean that either of those would be the chosen location for and and furthermore, were looking for other ones, as well. So i dont wanna speak for members of congress. There have been members who have indicated, now, and this goes back in time, a willingness to consider a plan, and so our responsibility is to provide them with a plan that they can consider that is a responsible one, so that people who share my and the president s assessment that this would be a good thing to do if if we can all come together behind a plan to do it can have a chance to look at something and make up their minds. And then, if i could ask you another a separate subject as well, i russia and ukraine. Can you give us your assessment of theres been some reporting of an increased aggression, increased clashes along the border with russianbacked separatists and around mariupol and inaudible . Can you give us your assessment of what you think this means . Is are we on the verge on the precipice of an upcoming russian offensive, or russianbacked whatever, fighters offensive to take back make a land bridge towards crimea . What is your assessment . Sec. Carter well, were watching everything that goes along in the line of of contact there. Obviously, were concerned about the level of violence. Wed be very concerned about it increasing further. But we i dont have a prediction for you in that in that sense. Were very concerned about it. We watch it very closely. Lucas . Mr. Secretary, are you comfortable with these reports that iran can take its own soil samples and deliver them to the iaea . Sec. Carter thats i see what youre yeah, youre i thats something youre really going to have to im going to have to ask you to direct to the state Department Rather than than here. When you went to capitol hill, you assured lawmakers that the u. S. Military would check iran aggression in the region. And my question, sir, is, how are you going to that this fall when you remove an Aircraft Carrier from the persian gulf . Sec. Carter we continue to have a very strong presence in the gulf. We continue to have Aircraft Carriers, which can arrive very quickly. Its our ability to posture forces, surge forces, respond to aggression in the gulf is very strong, and that and it will continue to be so. And thats just one of the things we do, both to deter iranian aggression, to counter iranian malign influence, to preserve as the president has instructed us to do, the military option, with respect to Irans Nuclear program and, very importantly, to support our friends and allies in the region, especially israel. So all of that, were full speed ahead on doing, whatever the happens with respect to the agreement. Our responsibilities and our tasks remain unchanged. All of those things, we will do. Can you confirm that you are pulling an Aircraft Carrier sec. Carter im not going to talk about future operations. I am telling you, though, that you should measure the weight of our presence by the entirety of the weight of our president and the weight of our deterrent by our overall posture, and thats incredibly strong in that part of the world. It is not going to be reduced in the years to come. We have very strong interests, very strong commitments there. Were going to keep them up. Is a french Aircraft Carrier going to take the place sec. Carter let me let me i need to move on to somebody else. Luis . Sir, you we talked about the trainandequip program, but there were characterizations that the initial group that went the characterization that that group was a total failure in both the conceptualization of bringing them in too soon, that they were too exposed. What actually happened to that group of individuals, what lessons have you learned from them, and where are you going to go with in terms of air cover in the future . Sec. Carter well, lets start with the numbers and just go through what you said. The numbers was a small number than, you know, we had set out with the training, but by the time the training was completed, it was down to 54. Ive made that point before. Then you said, what happened to . Em thats actually complicated. Im going to let people go through that with you if you after this if you dont, because there were 54 of them, and so various things transpired. But the point i think youre getting is and the point i was making earlier is, we need syrian trainandequip fights that forces that coalesce into a coherent fighting force or can associate themselves with other coherent fighting forces that we can then support and that can retake and hold territory in syria. Thats what were trying to build towards. Obviously, those 54 did not represent the end state of that effort. So we have a few thousands more that were in the process of going through the the vetting and other procedures that we need to in order to get them, and were considering where else and in what other ways we can do this so that it can be more effective. Does that include reaching out even further with the syrian kurds . Sec. Carter sure. Are you getting any pushback from the kurds . Sec. Carter yes, it does. And the kurds have been very the kurds in both syria and iraq have been exactly what weve been talking about earlier, namely a capable and motivated ground force of taking and holding territory. Theres a limit to the natural extent of Kurdish Forces in terms of what they wished to do and where they would be welcome, but theyve been extremely effective there. And so thats another prong in this effort to build, train and enable capable Ground Forces, because thats the key to the ultimate and lasting defeat of isil. Tara . Thank you, sir. While the two women who are making history earning their ranger tab, theyre not going to be allowed to move on to serve in a ranger regiment. And my question is why not . You know, havent they earned their place . Havent they earned a chance . That shot . Sec. Carter that well that gets back to what i said earlier in the hour, which is the rangers are still on that list of positions that is at this moment closed to women, and what i will receive on october 1 is from the services that continue to have positions that are not available or open to women, a justification for any if there are any, exceptions that will remain in place after that point. And there will be successive classes of rangers. I presume that they will include successive classes of females. And if some of them in the future wish to become ranger, then this process that will come to a conclusion in just a few months is going to be very, very important. And these people, by the way, talking to them, these are pretty capable people. Im pretty envious of the its lots of things. Its physical. Its leadership. Its a lot. And of course the standards werent changed in any way, and so but this particular training site is a pretty impressive achievement. Gordon . Mr. Secretary, there are reports out of pakistan that indicate that the u. S. Military may have to cut funding for pakistans military because theyve not been effective going against the haqqani network. Sec. Carter im sorry, could you start that over . I didnt hear the very beginning part of that. There are reports out of pakistan i think today that indicate that the u. S. Military may have to cut funding for the Pakistani Military because they have not been effective against the haqqani network. My understanding that you are supposed to certify, according to law, whether theyve been effective or not, and there has been assessment made that they have not been effective. So im wondering if you could speak to that. Sec. Carter that hasnt come to me yet, quite honestly. Ive seen those reports, gordon. So let me get back to you when that that when weve had a chance actually to consider that. You want to ask another question, accordingly . Sure. Something you said at the top. On gitmo, you said, of the 52 who are generally considered to be eligible for potential transfer, you said could be eligible, and i i thought thats what i heard you say, and i just wondered if the pentagon had kind of had a change in position on sec. Carter no. Theres no change of position. I think theres some whove been deemed eligible, and then theres an ongoing process of periodic review. But youre right. Therere some who have been deemed eligible. Thereve been others who are have not been deemed eligible, and its that population that we need to find a place to detain, and if its not gitmo, then its gotta be somewhere else. And so we need to get on with the task of finding that somewhere else if were really going to get this task of closing gitmo accomplished. Its not the pentagon deems now eligible . Like, is there a number of the 52 . Sec. Carter yeah, there is a number that weve made public. Im im sorry i ill get it for you, gordon. I just dont remember it, because it changes, because as i indicated, we do transfer people, and so it goes down over time. And meanwhile, the periodic review board is constantly considering some people. But its about the number that youve described, neighborhood of 50. Let me see. Phil . Mr. Secretary, i want to ask you about another one of your priorities, please, that hasnt come up so far, which is the rebalance to the pacific and specifically the discussion inside the government about the way the u. S. Should respond military to chinese artificial islands in the South China Sea. What do you believe the navy should do in terms of sailing ships or flying aircraft close to those islands as a way for the United States to communicate to the chinese in ways other than youve already done that it considers them unacceptable . You were out in the region earlier this year. You talked about it in your speeches. Should the navy do more physically there to respond . Sec. Carter yeah, i made three points when i was out there, and ive reiterated them to chinese leaders subsequently. The first one, to get to the first part of your question, is that the United States will continue to fly, sail and operate wherever International Law permits. As weve always the right to do, we will continue to do that, and none of this is going to change our conduct in anyway. Second thing is that the we are very actively pursuing not only what i just described, which is our unilateral activities, but our multilateral activities with other countries in the South China Sea and others in the asiapacific area for the very reason that they are very concerned about this chinese behavior, which is not only concerning to us, but is also having the effect of strengthening our alliances and increasing the number and strength of our partnerships, and itll will that will continue as well. And the last thing is that we have called for all countries not just china, because therere others, but china is by far and away the one that has done the most, especially in the last year to stop dredging, stop any further militarization, not just stop temporarily, but stop permanently that. And so thats our our our view. Its a very serious situation the chinese have created there, and thats our reaction to it. Tony . A couple of your thoughts that you led inaudible for a budget question. He said Congress Needs to pass a responsible budget. You talked about the u. S. Has many different ways to contain iran. I want to pull those two together. Are you going to recommend vetoing the defense policy bill and is it a little more complicated now that congress is reviewing the iran agreement, that you might be speaking out of both sides of your mouth. You, the u. S. Government, if you recommend a veto of the nda . The president vetoes the nda, yet hes trying to get congress to approve an iran agreement and show, you know sec. Carter i dont think the situation with respect to the ndaa in terms of the issues that it poses for the department. And some of the reasons why we object to it has changed one way or another by the iran agreement, tony. And just to remind you, there are several things in the ndaa that we think are not in the interests of the department and we would, therefore, like to see out. One of them but a very important one is the provisions regarding the budget. And there ive been very clear and im just going to say it again which is we this place needs to get a multiyear back on a multiyear budgeting plan. This will be, if theres a continuing resolution at the end of september, the 7th Consecutive Year in which theres been a continuing resolution. And just to tell it remind you all what that would be like, that would have essentially the effect both in dollars and authorities of sequester. And this is no way to run an run a Department Strategy a number of you asked a strategic question strategy isnt a oneyear oneyearatatime thing. Aircraft carriers are not something you build in a year. Our troops, our force, they deserve to know where things are going. And we have somebody who was just asking about the East Asia Pacific area. People around the world might get a misleadingly diminished view of the United States by seeing this budget drama play out a year in and year out. So for all these reasons, we really need to get off of this herkyjerky, oneyearatatime budget approach. So the we have indicated and theres nothing new here, tony, im just reiterating what you know, that these provisions of the ndaa need to be changed in the interests of the department. And the president s advisory, including myself, have indicated that he should veto the bill if theyre not. None of that has changed. We need to get at a serious budget here in the United States. And i realize that thats a matter im going on a little bit here, but i feel passionately about this. This is not something i can fix. Its something that we and our force and i really feel strongly about it are subject to and its something that people need to come together, both parties, and congress and the white house. Everybody needs to come together behind a overall approach to the budget thats not just the Defense Budget but the federal budget. In fact, its not just the federal discretionary budget; its the whole budgetary picture. We know that all those parts are necessary in order to solve this. And i continue to be hopeful that everyone can come together behind such an approach and a veto wont be necessary. A cr one be necessary. Sequester wont be necessary. These things are no good for the for the country let me go to david. Thanks. Theres evidently evidence out there that large number of military Service Members have used their Internet Service emails to access an adulteryrelated website. Are you aware of that . Is it an issue . Is the department looking into it . What impact sec. Carter im aware it of course its an issue because conduct is very important. And we expect good conduct on the part of our people. And to the last part, yes. The services are looking into it and as well they should be. Absolutely. Ill take one more here. Mr. Secretary, during the week it was reported that the pentagon was going to increase its number of drone orbits around the world and as part of that contractors would be operating a certain number of them, kind of an escalation in their participation. What type of oversight will the pentagon have on these a time when you will be able to operate drones . Sec. Carter let me go forward because it is a competent story. Compensated story. We are going to increase the number of Intelligence Surveillance and from 60 tonce caps about 90. The difference will be made up by some additions to that fleet by the army, the socalled great eagle aircraft. Government owned but contractor operated, which will be not armed. Time whennvision a they will be armed or needs to be armed. Will they be supervised to . Of course they well like Everything Else on our behalf. Additionally there are some that are operated by the special Operations Forces that are going to be brought to bear and then we are going to manage the whole fleet in a more integrated manner. Just to give you an example of how you get effectively more caps out of efficient management. If the weather is bad in one place and the weather is good p canhere else, that ca be reassigned where the weather is good and it is not going to be effective over there anyway. That kind of thing that you might have thought we would be doing anyway we are not doing systematically as we should. Global force management of that kind in all these ways we are trying to get much better isr coverage than we have. That is necessary because the demand is very large. There are lots of uses for humanitarianism right up to counterterrorism. That let me thank you. We will do one more. Tom, did you have one . General dunford said recently that russia is the number one threat to the United States. The agree with that assessment and if so why . And if this is the case are we doing enough to deal with that . Russia is a very significant threat. And i think a point that they have made but i would certainly make is if russia an existential threat to the United States by virtue simply of the size of the nuclear arsenal. That is not new. New, and i think also that they were pointing to and where i agree with them is that for a quarter century or so since the end of the cold war we have not regarded russia as an antagonist. Vladimir putins russia behaves in somerespects respects, it is very important respect as an antagonist. That is new. That is something we need to adjust to and counter. We are doing that in an approach that i have called a strong and balanced. Let me take a strong part first. The strong part means we are sting our capabilities qualitative and in terms of take deployments to account of this behavior of this russia. We are also working with nato in new ways, a new playbook so to speak for nato. Which has been preoccupied with afghanistan for the last decade or so. More oriented towards deterrence on its eastern border. And with hardening countries on the borders of russia nato members and nonnato members, to the kind of hybrid warfare or little green men kind of influence that we see associated with russia and ukraine. That is the strong part. In the balanced part, we continue to work with russia because you cant paint all their behavior with one brush. There are places where they are working with us. In counterterrorism, in many important respect. In some respects with respect to north korea. In some respects with respect to iran. So where russia sees its hours,t as aligned with we can work with them and we will continue to do that. And we will continue to hold open the door so that if either under Vladimir Putin or some successor of his in the future there is a leadership that wants to take russia in the direction that i believe is best for russia, which is not one of confrontation with the rest of the world, and self isolation which is the path they are on now, but better economic and political integration with the rest of the world in a way that still keeps the wonderful history and culture and so forth , greatness of russia, intact, that leadership can do that. That is our strategy with respect to russia. It is not something that tom and i think that this is what they were reflecting on in their testimony is that for a quarter century we thought that we would have to do. But it is. And so we are. And they are absolutely right. That is an adjustment we need to make. With that i should stop. I have to do some other things. But for those of you that have not gotten away yet, it is august, i hope you do. For those that have, i hope you are rested and thank you all for what you do every day. We appreciate it. [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] ted cruzator state will be at the iowa state fair and we will have live coverage from des moines. A later president ial candidate Bernie Sanders hold a townhall meeting in columbia, south carolina. Our live coverage starts at 7 00 p. M. Eastern. Cspans city to her to her tour. The idea is to produce ideas that are a little bit more visual, to provide access to cities that the viewer might not normally go to that have viewed rich histories. What about the smaller ones like albany, new york . What is the history of them . We have been to over 75 cities. We will hit 95 cities. Coverage onur cspan is event coverage. These are not event coverage type pieces. They take you to a home, a historic place. We partner with our cable affiliates to it explore the history and literary culture of various cities. The key is the cable operator contacts the city. They are bringing us there. We are really looking for great character. You really want your viewers to be able to identify with these people that we are talking about. Types an experience program where we are taking people on the road to places where they can touch things, see things, and learn about it is not just the local history, because of lot of the local history really plays into the national stories. Should be enticing enough that they can get the idea of the story, but also feel as if this is just in our backyard. Lets go see it. We want viewers to get a sense of, oh yeah, i know that place, just from watching one of our pieces. The cspan mission as we do with all of our coverage believes in what we do out on the road. You have got to be able to communicate the message about this network in order to do this job. Itd has done the one thing we wanted to do which is built relationships with the cities and our Cable Partners and gather some great programming for American History tv. Watch the cities to her on the cspan network. To see where we are going next, see our schedule at cspan. Org citiestour. Former president jimmy carter held a News Conference to talk about his con cancer treatment. He has been diagnosed with melanoma, and skin cancer that has progressed to his brain and liver. His event was held at the Carter Center in atlanta. President carter thank you all for coming this morning. I want to express my gratitude to my wife roselyn. I think what i will do this morning is just outline what has happened far with my medical condition. Willhen towards the end i take a brief rundown of what i plan to do in the future. In may i went down to guyana to help with the election. I had a very bad cold when i left and i came back to emory and they checked me over. In the process they did a complete physical examination and an mri showed that there was a cancerous growth on my liver. They did a scan and that kind of lights at that place, and it lit up. They were pretty sure that there was a cancer before they 3, the tumorugust was only about two and some centimeters and they removed about 85 cubic centimeters, about a 10th of my liver. It was melanoma. They had a very high suspicion then and now that the melanoma started summer else in my body and spread to the liver. About 98 ll me that of all melanoma is skin cancer and about 2 of melanomas are internal. That andme back after they did a biopsy and found they did an mri and found that there were four spots of melanoma on my brain. Spots, about small a millimeter if you can envision what a millimeter is. I understand that i will have four treatments scheduled at three week intervals. Yesterdayn to that treated me with a mask to hold my head perfectly still while the radiation goes into the right places. In addition they have given me an iv. Is a medicine that they use for melanoma that enhances the the immune system. This is medicine that is approved in the United States. There are similar ones being tested in europe. They will also continue to scan other parts of scansy with mri and touch where the melanoma originated. Ongoing for a number of months. If this goes on that long. Dr. Sarmiento is the doctor at emory that the surgery on my liver. Melanoma. Ecialist on they are working very closely with other Cancer Centers around this nation, in particular indiana as texas, the National Texas cancer in situ, sloankettering, and others. I referred the office of health to the doctors that reached out. Approval of what they have decided to do. Ir a number of years rose and have planned on dramatically reducing our work at the center. We talked about this when i was 80 years old, again when i was 85. We talked about it again when i was 90. Is a time i think for us to carry out our longdelayed plans. Im going to cut back pretty dramatically on my obligations at the Carter Center. As you know, the Carter Center has a full Legal Partnership with emory. We approve them and vice versa. We have build up a very for when i endowment am not any longer able to raise funds. We now have about 600 million. But i will continue to sign calls toequesting people who might be possibilities for funding. I will continue to attend those. Attend thee to also regular meetings with our directors and hear detailed reports by regularly on what we are doing with our peace programs and our health programs. I will continue to do that. I cant really anticipate how i will be feeling, obviously, i will have to do for quite substantially to my doctors. Understand that the radiation treatments, and also the injections, will be every three. Eeks, four times i will try to it here to that schedule as much as possible. The Carter Center is well without anycarry on panicking if roselyn and i do back away from any of the activities. Have decided last march that our grandson jason would take over as chairman of the board. The board of trustees made that decision in march. Chairman ofe the the board of trustees of the , making ther ultimate decisions about what projects the Carter Center will take on. Course i will give him advice, i will be delighted to do it. I was a chairman for a while, and i stepped down a couple of years ago to get other people a chance. I will try as best i can to continue my work as a professor at emory, and to take some of the meetings. But i would say that the rest of my plans will be determined by my consultations with my doctors and what i need to do to treat at melanoma that exists least has existed in my liver. They think they got it all. It is likely to show up in other places in my body as the scans detected. That is all i wanted to say to you. Im going to answer a couple of questions. Good morning president carter. Just want to get what was your initial reaction when you heard the c word, the cancer word. What doctors and set about your prognosis, you seem very optimistic. All,dent carter first of i heard that it was confined to my liver and that the operation had completely remove it. So i felt quite relieved. And then that same afternoon we had an mri of my head and neck and it showed up that it was already in place in my brain. That until the next day, when i came back up to emory, i was surprisingly at ease. I have had a wonderful life. Andve thousands of friends i have had an exciting, adventurous, gratifying existence. I felt surprisingly at ease, much more so than my wife was. In the hands of god. I will be prepared for him when he comes. Thank you. Yes, susan. Hi. You justesident, it said you expect that there will be further cancers diagnosed. Was it at all difficult given the fact that you just said you found this all out in a matter of weeks, was it difficult to decided to go ahead with treatment . Does your faith play any role in the fact that you consider that . Did you consider not doing anything at all . I will. T carter the recommendations of the emory doctors. When they said that they want to and treatnd find out them, i am perfectly at ease with that. I am perfectly at ease with whatever comes. I do have a religious faith which im very grateful for. I was certainly surprised that i did not go into an attitude of despair or anger or anything like that. I was just completely at ease. I dont know if you have any doubts about my veracity, but im just very grateful about that. I am ready for anything. I am looking forward to a new adventure. Carter, you just said that you felt at ease. Can you tell us a little more about your discussions with your , with your family, and how you came to decide that you did want treatment and you wanted to pursue anything that your doctors did recommend would be appropriate for you . President carter that wasnt difficult for me because i dont think i have ever deviated from a commitment to do it my doctors recommended. That was not a decision for me. I decided that to begin with. I understand if you have any technical questions, medical questions, i would be willing to answer any questions that you may have later on. But the three doctors that i , andin close harmony with the surgeon that did the operation on my liver, dr. Sarmiento, and dr. Current who is a specialist on treatment of cancer, and also dr. Lawson who is a specialist on melanoma itself. They have been like a team working very closely with me. I have complete confidence in them. They have been gracious enough to reach out to others who have volunteered to consult with them , and i understand they have shared the mri with some others. They are the best cancer treaters in the world. I am very grateful that emory is in charge. Lynn anderson with the atlanta journalconstitution. First of all, president carter, i am so sorry and sad to hear this news. I just have a basic question. How are you feeling . President carter i feel good. I have not felt any weakness or disability. Slight, has been very right after the operation on my. Iver i felt pain in my stomach the laparoscopic operation had made 2, 3 very tiny incisions in my stomach. And i felt pain in my shoulder. The doctor says that is expected. You have pain in her right shoulder if you have liver problems, if you have heart problems that goes your left shoulder. I only took Pain Medicine for a few hours, and that i did not have to take it anymore. Last a slight reaction night to the first treatment. I had a little bit of pain in my shoulder when i went to bed at about 6 00 and slept until about 8 00 this morning. I think it was probably the best nights sleep i have had in many years. [laughter] president carter im feeling at ease about it. I have been very lucky. To doctors have been able stop any aspect of pain. Jones. President , tom you mentioned all the wellwishers. Have you been any has there been anyone youve been corresponding with a has really touched you. President carter president bush called me, and then george h. W. Bush called me yesterday afternoon. I think i appreciated that very much. President obama called, the Vice President called. Hillary clinton called. Secretary of state called. First time theyve called me in a long time. [laughter] i think therter Close Friends that i have had around home to have done special , that is what really made me feel better. Have 21 family, we other carters in georgia, they have been down to see us this weekend for my wifes birthday celebration. Infusiond a wonderful of gratitude. High. Jonathan karl with abc news. Two questions. Saw a reportht that you would still like to go forward with your trip to nepal in november. You still hope to make that trip . President carter i would still hope to go. It would require an airplane areat from kathmandu to an south down towards the indian border. If i do that i understand, i have not talked to the doctors yet, and i understand that would require a fiveweek postponement of my last treatment. That is what i would have to consider. Up until this morning i was completely committed to going to habitat. But if i dont go, the rest of my family will probably go. If i can ask, you have really redefine what it means to be a former president. Can you reflect on the work you have done since he left the white house and what you hope to still do . President carter the work at the Carter Center has been more personally gratifying to me because when you are president you have a responsibility to 50 memberspeople and the of the armed forces, and budgets and so forth. A number ofo do good things that i was president for which im very grateful. That was a high point of my life politically speaking. Say that being president of the United States has made it possible for me to have contact with people and influence and knowledge that has been a foundation for the Carter Center. But the Carter Center has a completely different approach. We deal with individually individual people in the smallest and most of your villages in the deserts and jungles of africa, and we have had programs and 80 Different Countries with the poorest and most destitute people in the world. That has been far more gratifying. Personally. Because we actually interact with families and with people who are going blind or have. Ymphatic fair isis going into villages and learning about them and what their actual needs are and then meeting those needs, i think that has been one of the best things that has ever happened to me. Thate said several times it has been personally more gratifying. Although the presidency was obviously wonderful. Groundwork fore my work at the Carter Center. Do you still feel like you have a lot of work left to do . President carter within the boundaries of my physical and mental capabilities i will do it. But im going to have to do a treatment regimen. Thank you. Good morning mr. President. Given your current cancer diagnosis, given your Family History with the disease, what message do you have two other Cancer Patients who are watching you go through this . President carter i have read a with the deathr of my father and my only brother. Time my family was the only one on earth that had as many as four people who died of patriotic cancer. It is a very rare thing. After i left the white house and my brothers and sisters continue special checksd on my blood samples and things of that kind. Certain scans. The cancer i understand does have some genetic cause, that is what i have read. But it is exacerbated by smoking cigarettes, which i have never done. The melanoma is completely different. The melanoma would show up on my pancreas, but they have not found that in the last few weeks. So far the only place that they have known about the cancer has been on my liver and my brain. That one of the greatest scientific developments has beenst five years with two kinds of cancer. One is lung cancer and the other is melanoma. The treatment for melanoma in addition to radiation or chemotherapy has been giving these medicines that exacerbate or enhance thats the word that enhance the function of yourself regulating of your self regulating aspects, the autoimmune system. They make the autoimmune system more active. There are several of these medicines. The message to other patients . President carter it is one of hope and acceptance. Hope for the best and accept what comes. Blessedi have been is as any human being in the world. I have become the president of the United States of america, governor of georgia, worked at the Carter Center. Big and growing family. Thousands of friends. Old in the1 years first of october. It has been a blessing for me. I am thankful. And hopeful. Carter i wanted to ask you said that you have sort of taken a pragmatic approach to the treatment. What has been the most difficult part about the news for you . I have not hadr any difficult treatment aspect yet. Was quitesurgery extensive, they removed about 1 10 of my liver, but it healed quickly. I had minimal pain. The first treatment i had yesterday will be followed this radiation and that will be every three weeks for four times, and then they will reassess. Is it difficult to step away from all of the activities . President carter that is what i really i really wanted to go to nepal. That wouldve been my 33rd year of going without fail. I was very hopeful about that. Interrupts the strict treatment regimen i think i need to take the treatment. President carter, kerry greer, cbs news. You have touched upon it a little bit. And your illustrious career, as you said, governor here. Resident. As husband, father, grandfather, is there anything you want to share with us you are most proud of . Is there anything you might have done differently or maybe wish you had not done . President carter the best thing i ever did was marrying roselyn. Life. S the pinnacle of my we have had 69 years together. Still together. That is the best thing that happened to me. I think getting involved in was state i senator, then governor, then president of the United States obviously. We have a growing family. We have 22 grandchildren and greatgrandchildren. Greaterchildren and 10 great grandchildren now. More coming every year. We have a good and harmonious family. The haven of our lives has been in plains, georgia. Long as im as physically and mentally able i will go to church. We have hundreds of visitors come to see the curiosity of a politician with the bible. I have just had a lot of blessings. Anything you wish you had not done or had done differently . President carter i wish i had sent one more hot helicopter to get the hostages. Then i wouldve been a reelected. [laughter] but if i hadter to choose between former years and the Carter Center i think i would choose the Carter Center. Carter, i wonder, you just talked about your big family. With this diagnosis have you encourage them to see the doctor, are you saying that there is more interest in finding out what is going on . President carter i dont think there is any doubt that my descendents have some genetic challenge from pancreatic cancer and my melanoma. Whatever the doctors recommend for blood tests or things like that as a precautionary measure for other family members, i think that is probably going to affect it. But i have not discussed it. Ive got two or three more questions. President carter, grant loosed in. How did you break the news your Family Doctor to your family . President carter i found out at the end of may that i had a spot on my liver. Diary that i in my didnt tell roselyn until about the 15th of june. Out ien when i found definitely had cancer, key members of my family came into the Carter Center and i gave them a breathing and gave roselyn everything. A breathing. Briefing. Then i put on a statement as soon as i knew about it, but i did have cancer and when we found out that it had metastasized we also put out a press conference for that. What kind it was, i didnt say it was melanoma. I didnt say it had spread to my brain. I just said other parts of my body. As quickly as i could i told the public and my family things about which i was absolutely certain. President carter, thank you. Sanjay gupta with cnn. President carter i know. [laughter] president carter i have been taking all these questions so i can get to you. I have a couple questions about more specific about the medical aspects. You said you had an mri that showed a liver mass and it was not until two months later that you had the operation. President carter thats right. I am wondering about that time. Was there a consideration not to do anything . And also were there any medications, were you given options of how did you wait of options . President carter i was given a complete rundown on the options that were available. When they made a recommendation i took their advice. I would say the end of june, that i had to have an operation on my liver. But i had an extensive book tour scheduled, 14 or 15 cities. I wanted to do that. The doctors told me it was a very slow growing cancer, it would not make any difference between the end of july and the third day of august. We scheduled it when i got through with the book tour. Incidentally, and more importantly, my surgeon had scheduled a vacation trip in spain. So the culmination commendation of all the things cause me to wait until all things were ready. As so ive so i stayed very busy during that time and i did tell anyone much about it. Did you have another question send a . President carter, you mentioned plains. Talk about a about how that meant to you. President carter it is my home. I was born there, my wife was born there. I knew roselyn when she was first born. I was three years old. I still am. [laughter] president carter plains has always been a haven for us. When i got out of the navy i came back. I was a farmer there for about 17 years. When i came it into government i came back to play. Now no matter where we are in the world we always look forward to getting back home to plains. That is where our land is. We have had the same farm since 33. We still grow peanuts and cotton on our farm. My roots are there. I closest friends are there. My closest friends are there. It is the focal point of our life. The good news is they have come to find out how this little tiny town a president could have come. Planes means a lot to me. Plains means a lot to me. President carter lets not add anyone else to the line. I wonder if you have discussed with your family or closest circle how do you see this organization in the future . The Carter Center . President carter how do i see what . How do you see the Carter Center in the future . President carter i think it will be equal to what it has been in the past. Every been increasing year as far as the number of people we treat for terrible diseases. I understand this coming year we 71 million70 people on earth for diseases so that they will not have the afflictions they have had throughout their lifetimes. Finished 100 elections to bring democracy and freedom to people. We still try to bring peace. We focus on peace and human rights, and democracy, and alleviation of suffering. Centers overall function and plants for the future are still expanding. I am completely confident that those plans can be realized without my everyday constant involvement. I will still be coming to Trustees Meetings for as long as im able and meeting with directors and others who carry out programs. Messagesou received from latin america where the Carter Center has participation . Just president carter ive had a lot just the past three days few days from latin america. Im am meeting next month with a group from panama. I have approved that program on my schedule. Ofll maintain a wide range programs in latin america, primarily to try to get rid of any conflict in a country between the news media and the executive branch of government when they try to stamp out freedom of the press. And also peaceful relationships and we have still an Ongoing Program in six countries in latin america. We have just about finished that , we still have just a small cluster of people. About 25,000 total population on the border between venezuela and brazil. Continue our work in one america. Good morning mr. President. Preparing to take over as chairman of the board of , you have veryer much been the face of peace negotiations since the time that you left office. Efforts anduing the the health and humanitarian efforts of the Carter Center, will he also be active and will you be advising him in future International Conflict that the Carter Center may be asked to become a negotiator of types . President carter he will be the chairman of the board of trustees. They make the final decisions. They make the ultimate choices of what we do and how much money we spent and people that we sent. That sort of thing. The chairman of the board is very deeply involved in making those ultimate decisions. That the new chairman will use the best experience that he can derive for all the programs of the Carter Center. He may not be directly involved in as many peace negotiations and so forth as i was but he will be going to vietnam before the election in the better first part of november. Hell be heading up the Carter Center delegation for that very important election. Thank you. Maria supporter, longtime journalist in atlanta. President carter i know. You have had such a scope of work in your life. And the timing of left, what would give you the most satisfaction to see happen . Peace in the middle east, or eradication of polio . What are the things that you hold onto the most that would give you the greatest satisfaction when you look at the state of the world and how you have been working in efforts president carter in International Affairs i would say peace for israel. That has been a top priority of my Foreign Policy projects for the last 30 years. Right now i think the prospect are more dismal than any time i remember in the last 50 years. Process the government of israel has no desire for a two state solution. The United States has practically no influence in israelo past years or palestine. I feel very discouraged about it. That would be my number one Foreign Policy hope. As far as the Carter Center is concerned i would like to see the last skinny worm die before i do. I think right now we have 11 cases out of 26 million cases. Inhink we have two cases south sudan and one case in ethiopia. One in somalia. Seven cases in chad. That is all in the world. I would say that would be my top priority. This will be our last question. Good morning president carter. You fought Many Political battles throughout your career. How tough do you expect the fight against cancer will be . It wont carter well be tough on my part. Im a very acquiescent and cooperative patient, within the valve of my own judgment i will do with the doctors recommend for me to extend my life as much as possible. I will know that this is any hardship on me. They say and i trust him alleviate thet to side effects of the different have had a they lot of treatment ongoing with patients, thousands of the world. I dont anticipate any troubling pain or suffering or deprivation on my part. Thank you mr. President. President carter thank you all very much for coming. I appreciate it. I dont know if anyone wants to add anything. If you have any particular or you want to correct my mistakes. Ok. I am leaving. Thank you all very much. [laughter] [applause] critical oforum was gop president ial hopeful scott walker and ted cruz on immigration yesterday. His remarks are next on cspan. On this mornings washington journal we will talk to former gop president ial candidate steve forbes. Washington journal is live at 7 00 eastern. Road to the white house coverage of the president ial candidates continues live from the iowa state fair. On cspan, cspan radio, and cspan. Org. As the candidates walk and speak at the des moines registers candidate soapbox. This morning at 11 00 a. M. Eastern it is senator ted cruz. And on saturday, republican governors Chris Christie afternoon, and bobby jindal at 1 00. Join the twitter conversation at gmrsoapbox. With the senate in its august break, we will feature book tv programming weeknights in primetime on cspan2, starting at 8 00 a. M. Eastern. And for the weekend here are a few book tv special programs. Live fromwe are jackson mississippi for the inaugural mississippi book festival. Getting at 11 30 a. M. Eastern. Discussions on harper lee, civil rights, and the civil war. On saturday, september 5, we are live from our Nations Capital for the 50th anil annual National Book festival. Lady ander second senior fellow at the American Enterprise institute, lynne cheney. Book tv on cspan2. Television for serious readers. Up next, president ial candidate Rick Santorum talks about immigration, planned parenthood, and the 2016 white house race. The former pennsylvania senator also spoke at this National Press club event. John good morning. I am john hughes, president of the National Press club. Our guest today is former senator Rick Santorum. Of course he is a republican president ial candidate and he is going to discuss immigration. First i want to introduce a couple of colleagues who are up her with a. Right, the Washington Bureau chief for the buffalo news. He is the former National Press Club President and he is the current chair of the clubs Speaker Committee. To my left, jonathan to land selant is the washington correspondent for mj advanced media. He is the Speaker Committee member who organized todays and he is also a former National Press Club President. Andnt to welcome our cspan public radio audiences, and i want to welcome those of you in the room today. You can follow the action on twitter. Npclive. Our speaker today was the runnerup to mitt romney for the 2012 republican president ial nomination. He won in the Iowa Caucuses and several other states. Now in his second try for the presidency senator santorum at least so far is lagging in the opinion polls. He was relegated to the happy hour or so called kids table debate on fox news earlier this month. He was not happy about it. The idea that a National Poll has any relationship to the viability of asked Rudy Giuliani that. He was asked during the debate, has your moment passed senator . Motivation that propelled him four years ago will propel him again. He also pointed to his track record. He was elected to the u. S. House twice from a democratic leaning district. He won two terms in the senate are presenting pennsylvania, which means democratic and president ial years. In congress he wrote the law outline a procedure that some called partialbirth abortion. He authored bills on sanctioning iran. He was a member of the House Republicans saying of seven that asked gang of seven that exposed the house and content banking scandal. He is a vocal opponent of samesex marriage. But today senator santorum is here to talk about immigration. This has emerged as a major issue in the 2016 campaign. Donald trump, the current frontrunner for the public in nomination, has called for deporting all 11 million unauthorized immigrants. Trump says he he wants to revoke amendments guarantee of citizenship for anyone born in the United States. The Washington Post says that immigration proposal that languished at the edge of republican politics now are in the parties mainstream partys mainstream thanks to trump. Senator santorum says his proposal take into account the millions of americans who cannot find jobs. He is here to tell us more. Please join me in giving a welcome to the National Press club and senator Rick Santorum. [applause] thank you jerry, thank you jonathan. I appreciate the opportunity to be here. Know, theny of you son of italian immigrants. My fathers journey to america rescued him from a childhood as mussolinist in core, and probably from being some called in mussolinis war machine. It was not as easy as a simply porting a ship and coming to america for my father. My italian speaking grandfather was able to come to america in order to plead this new fascist regime in 1923 in spite of the emergency quota act of 1921. That limited italian immigrants to just a few thousand italians a year. That my out grandfathers hometown in italy was part of austria in the first world war. And so my grandfather was considered an austria. He was able to come but he was not able to bring his italian children with him. In 1930 he became a citizen after working most of that time in the coal mines of southwestern pennsylvania. He was then able to unite his family in america. When my father told me about his familys story and journey to america i asked him the natural question. Did you resent america for keeping you away from your father and leaving you in a fascist country for the first seven years of your life . He said no. America was worth the wait. He was right. America was worth the wait. Because we have been a country law puts a law the above the people making and execute the laws. The greatest protection each of us has is that no one no one is above the law in america. That includes president s, justices, and yes, immigrants. The logic of my father and grandfather apart was passed in part because our nation and needed to balance labor markets, National Security interest, and another a number of other reasons that were run prevalent in the day for limiting legal immigrants. But the immigration act in 1921 and 1924 targeted italians and jews in part because of concerns about assimilation and in part because of fewer, rank prejudice. Oddly enough the laws in place today were last significantly altered in 1990. A bill authored by ted kennedy. It is not the law of the 1920s, which limited immigration not just in nationality but also in numbers. The kennedy bill was designed to remove the need for illegal immigration by increasing the number of legal immigrants to over one million year. It has not worked. Thanks to the incentives offered by president obama and bills like the day of eight immigration proposal, last year the number of illegal immigration Illegal Immigrants rose to 700,000. Brings the total number of immigrants both legal and illegal in this country to a record 42 million. They comprise 13. 3 of the u. S. Population. The highest percentage in 105 years. Is this flood of immigrants in the National Interest . That question is the question that we should be asking. Fact the question we should be asking about all of our laws. Is the law and the is the law in the National Interest . Immigration law should serve the interest of the american people. Since immigration involves labor markets, one key requirement of any plan is it improves opportunities for better jobs and better wages by stimulating growth. Lets look at the numbers. Without a doubt, immigration has held down the cost of labor, increasing profits for businesses. Has a caused growth that has led to higher wages, particularly for workers who these immigrants compete against for jobs. Real hourly wages have increased by about one dollar in the last 25 years in real terms. It has slightly declined during this administration. From 20002 thousand 14, they were 5. 7 million net jobs recorded for people 16 to 65. All of the new jobs went to immigrants in spite the fact that there were 17 million more nativeborn americans in the workforce. Democrats like Hillary Clinton say that they are for the American Worker yet demand amnesty and huge increases in the number of immigrants for one overriding reason votes. Which leads to political power
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