Ucla released a report earlier this year about challenges facing undocumented undergraduates get into the u. S. It is a survey of 900 undocumented undergraduates in 32 states who migrated from 55 countries. The coauthors joined a panel for a discussion about undocumented College Students in the u. S. This is an hour and 45 minutes. Good morning. It is a pleasure to welcome you and for those of you who live in new york, you know this is a rare example of sunshine in the morning. And its not even freezing. Its a great pleasure to welcome you to the Steinhardt Institute for Higher Education policy. I was thinking about our session this morning and how when i started the institute about 12 years ago. I kept looking up a word policy in the dictionary and if you ever do that, you discover it is a difficult word. Its hard to get a good definition. That is appropriate because when we think of policy we have an image in our mind with the definition is in the dictionary. In fact one of the misunderstandings as policy rules, regulation and laws than we think of the federal government, state government. Policy is what institutions do. That is a misunderstood part of policy. The institutions whether public or private, small or large have a fair amount of latitude about how they behave and what positions they take and what services they offer. One of the things we need to do in the policy will does focus more directly on how should institutions and also other kinds of social organizations think about policy and what kinds of Intervention Services corp. And guidelines make sense at every level of our experience. So that is why it is an especially happy moment to welcome the authors of the study you have read about and well hear more about this morning which looked at the questions facing undocumented students and those questions from every Vantage Point including and especially the experience. Its the unique study in that regard and one that we will all find fascinating as we learn more. Now when you look at our speakers were today, you may have noticed three of them are from ucla. I would like to remind those of you at nyu that these three people used to be at nyu and their presence here today is a symbol of the fact that once you are at nyu you can never really leave. Its a magnet coming back. We would like to congratulate them on the numeral and on the study. I should also say to remind you that even though we are now the Global Network university and a sense we think of ucla sort of like nyu rats. As they congratulate you come away are also proud of your accomplishments. The way we are going to proceed this morning as i will introduce the speakers and they will follow each other without further introductions. Our first speaker will be trained to marcelo suarezorozco. We have very distinguished speakers. For those of you not in academia it is important to know when someone is a highlevel professor to have this other name they start to use. Our speakers have multiple names. But the name that is not their own name as the name of the person who gave a large gift to endow their let me start again. Marcelo suarezorozco is distinguished professor of education at the graduate school of education and information studies at ucla. Before joining ucla he served as professor of globalization and education at new york university. He is coauthor of the awardwinning book supporting results of this landmark study, learning and a new land immigrant students in american society. Research focuses on conceptual problems in areas of cultural psychology and psychological anthropology with a focus on the study of mass migration, globalization and education. The following marcelo will be robert who is professor of social science and comparative education and the morgan shareholder in Asian American studies and codirector of the institute for immigration globalization and education at ucla since 2013. We also think of him as robert. Since 2004 hes concurrently served as senior faculty fellow at the Steinhardt Institute at nyu where many of you know he was associate professor of Higher Education. His research is focused on race, ethnicity and stratification of college opportunity. Following robert will be arose for a perot cost. Director of the institute for children and youth at the graduate school of education at ucla. Prior to joining ucla she served as professor of globalization and education at new york university. She is coauthor of the book learning the new land immigrant students in america and editor. Her research focuses on mass migration, legalization and education within the cultural psychology and psychological anthropology. Now its a special welcome to steve choi who is bringing today at the voices of Network Community organizations focused on immigration in new york city. Steve choi is the executive director of immigration coalition, an umbrella Advocacy Coalition nearly 200 member groups representing new york immigrant communities. From 2092 by 2013 is executive director of the main quad center for action which organizes advocates for and educates korean and Asian AmericanCommunity Members in new york. Prior to that he was staff attorney and founding director of the korean workers project. At the Asian AmericanLegal Defense and Education Fund the only project on the east coast focused on providing medical services to lowwage korean immigrants. Janet perez is a College Student and undocumented activists in the immigrant community. She was born in pablo, mexico but raised in the bronx, the bronx new york. Jannette is currently attending college for City University in pursuing a double major in political science. Shes a core member of the new York State Leadership Council from a youth Leadership Council and undocumented youth Led Organization for the other Great Community and also coordinator of the mentoring program. Hero worship how a one of the complicated titles is a professor of globalization at nyu and a University Professor at nyu. He is a community and developmental psychologist who studies the effects of Public Policies and programs related to immigration, Early ChildhoodPoverty Reduction and childrens development. The conducts research in the United States and low middle income countries. Previously served as professor of education is the Harvard Graduate School and also as academic gains. Hope you get speakers a warm welcome mma fellows will proceed to report on his study. [applause] thank you so much. Thank you for the generous in your warm introduction. Its a marvelous being back at nyu. The ucla of the east. So we loved and why you and miss it so much that we are going to keep taking pieces of nyu back to the best coast. Thank you ann. That is the kind of introduction my father wouldve liked and my mother would have believed. I am really delighted to be back to nyu. Many of the ideas and the architecture of days since so many other Research Initiatives undertaken in immigration here is steinhardt and more broadly. And i am delighted to have the opportunity to come back for the institute to report on our work of the report. During the last 20th century in the beginning of the 21st century the undocumented immigrant population of the United States grew substantially from 3. 5 million in 1992 a peak of 12. 2 million in 2007 as the Great Recession began. It has been stable now for several years at about 11. 2 million according to the most recent estimates by our colleagues at the pew research center. One inevitable result of having a large undocumented population over a long period of time is a crowd member of mixed status families while some are citizens by birth authorized by law many are unauthorized and all that many many families live in a kind of increase in the intolerable limbo. After five decades of mass migration, the foreignborn population of our country includes millions of individuals who have been living in the United States for a long time and have wellsettled household steady employment and deep community ties. This applies to the undocumented migrant population which also has become more permanent and much more settled than in prior waves of mass migration. Never more than a third of the total foreign population now closer to our border they unauthorized workers in our midst worshipers and our churches and also parents of american children. And a population of 11. 2 million unauthorized migrants, more than 4 million are adults with u. S. Citizen children and as of 2012 those parents have been living in the United States for 15 years on average according to the most recent data by the pew. As our country continues its long interminable pause for Immigration Reform young people brought here as children without papers perhaps 1. 5 million or so are graduating from high schools in growing numbers and attempting to go one with their lives. Hundreds of thousands of undocumented College Students are struggling to find their way in Higher Education. We recently surveyed 909 undocumented undergraduates across 34 states immigrated to america from 55 Different Countries. The attendant over a twoyear public and private colleges that brain in the first and largest study of its kind exclusively focused on youth emerging adults and colleges. This study presents a number of findings the new congress scholars, activists, concerned citizens and mike and above all Community Members should be wise to wander. Undocumented students encompass a range of immigration history, language backgrounds and religions. They are black. They are white. They are proud, asian and pacific islander. They occupy positions across the full spectrum of socioeconomic status. For them like for many, many other young people in college today college is a real challenge. The students are studying and working hard and they long to be loved. The majority, 68 are firstgeneration college. Not unique to this population but a challenge nevertheless that they have limited guys to navigate and then through college, especially in the shadows of the law. Theyre a major choice by far. Science technology, engineering and mathematics which constituted 28. 5 of the reported majors. And clearly our fields of capable productive workforce the most needed in the globalized 21st century that has given birth to the Global Network university. Yet these hardworking students defendant as of now permanent limbo feeling invisible overwhelmed and stressed. The data takes a new and alarming picture of what undocumented College Students live in their plutonian days. With 61. 3 of undocumented students coming from families living on an annual Household Income of less than 30,000 a year, 72. 4 are working while attending college, taxing their ability to succeed academically. More than half 66. 7 of students report being extremely concerned about paying for their college education. Among the students who are reporting their studies temporarily 74 of bad indicated Financial Difficulties as the primary cost. 72 worked in the reported complications from juggling mumpower south work difficult commutes in their studies. As such many felt left out of campus life. If in the 21st century globalization is the macro context for a mass migration the family is today meso context. Immigration is above all an ethical act of and for the family. One family starts the migration cycle and another family now reconstituted sickos socially, complete the cycle over time and across generations. It starts with one family at the end of the process. It is a very, very different family. Family separations among best in family separations are normative and 21st century american immigration. The more dysfunctional the more broken our immigration system becomes, the more extended separations and complicated reunification are the Emotional Center of immigration in the 21st century. And our sample, 22 of participants do not live with parents in the United States. 93 have at least one undocumented parent. 13 , 6 of them have experienced the deportation of one or both parents and 56 of undocumented siblings. 3 of them had experienced the deportation of his sibling. For them family separations deportations and the transnationalism defines family life. For many, the fundamental psychosocial consequence of our topic immigration system is life for ken to surviving and that guilt attached to remaining in our country when so many loved ones live in fear or have experienced deportation. Im going to now invite robert timmy she to share the finance and policy perspectives and remind us policy is fundamental to the east coast of how institutions are constituted, how they work, how they dont work and how they need to be transformed. Thank you. [applause] good morning. Great to be here and you know its interesting when i was walking over here this morning i said i think this is the earliest i have been on campus. Nyu is not a morning campus and neither is the village. So i want to begin by thanking ann for hosting this important event and i want to acknowledge site have the education policy and say why im still involved. I think that there is a need for deeper discourse and debate about our policy and it plays a very Important Role in that type of Public Discourse about the importance of Higher Education policies when it comes to think like College Affordability, and equity in Higher Education how we train the next generation of leaders and our workforce and society. For those reasons i really appreciate the opportunity to stay engaged. I also want to thank our esteemed panel for joining us to talk about this report. As marcelo mentioned, i will focus my comments on the policy issues that emerge from the studies and began by picking up on marcelos overview of our samples. I think it points to a few important points about what the demography of undocumented students reveals in terms of policy context. First no college or university should assume these issues are not relevant their Campus Community. Second, the Community Needs to look beyond false assumptions that often drives the understanding of treatment of the student population. Finally this isnt an issue. The issue was undocumented status and acts of Higher Education. Not just an issue that needs attention or is relevant to federal policies. We often think about things like federal dream maxon comprehensive Immigration Reform as something that will solve the problems for the undocumented student population. While its relevant policies exist in multiple places as ann mentioned. We have to think about the roles of institutional policy, state policies and its relationship. What that context in mind we want to explore how policies that da ca may be relevant to undocumented students. It is important to acknowledge daca does nothing explicitly for College Students. It is more a a benefit with limitation an opportunity to really push the boundary of what daca can do to extend Higher Education. All right. So we found a key benefit of daca that afforded undocumented College Student work permit. As a result Daca Recipients were more likely to have been working on this resulted in greater financial wellbeing. Not only additional help and to offset the cost of college, Daca Recipients reported jobs are more commensurate. We were also interested in the pack of editorship writers often have residency restrictions. This has been better for documented College Student who juiced for regular career paths. We found Daca Recipients were twice as likely as nonrecipients to have an internship experience. Over three quarters of the students with internships reported ann says i should explain what daca is. Daca as executive action by president obama. The First Program rolled out in 2012 had deferred action for children. It is basically temporary status that affords undocumented use to work permits and relief from deportation. So three quarters of the students with internships reported experiences provided skills that prepared them for work. This is important because a number of students reported internships were a prerequisite for careers in their fields of study. We also found more than half of the students with internships received compensation. This is important for population and a number of barriers when it comes to College Affordability. A large p