Right now when it comes to criminaljustice reform republican governors are better on this issue than democrats. Where do you stand on the issue . Charlie crist was a republican. At this time. I know what the hell he is now. [laughter] good evening how can the National Urban league support elected officials . They can. You cannot support them you can support positions or issues but not an actual candidate is against our covered. So can you clarify how to offset that . We have the keys deal. Create the 501 c 4 that allows you to run ads. And what you could do as an individual. We can volunteer and throat and donate. Money is key. Ive not just saying that because i am elected. Yes you are. [laughter] we give time then we give nothing else but it is essential because your and have our voice heard. God rest his soul all the white folks got together to say we want you to run for mayor. How much trading to Police Officers did your community received . And those with Mental Health issues . We actually have a Great Program where Police Officers received two days of trading relative to mentalhealth and we have a new unit that allows Police Officers to take you they believe have mental problems to that issue but one of the savings we have been very strong is the escalation to get Police Officers to understand yes you have that done and the badge is a really you have the power and you dont have to use any of that. I got around to encourage Police Officers is set as saying they will be the peacekeepers they need to be the pace at one ashley peacemakers. They dont think like that they think i will make you do what i say. No. Talk about making a peaceful so everybody can go home. Obviously that was a problem that we had he had Mental Illness and was dead within 16 seconds a we have a lot more work to do. A large and small because the City Department is large but ferguson is small. And pass to go around the nation. Final comment. Is comprehensive with blueprints but it has to be community driven. Not just the urban league of communitybased organizations. Resist and resisted resisted organize and organize and organize. Pray and pray and pray. If you felt in the sense of urgency when it comes to how i am proceeding in the panel i am sick and tired of us having gatherings where we talking and discuss but we dont talk about real action plans their release 5428 different distinct things here is what i will suggest next year first of all, they should take all the ideas that came out of this discussion to email them to every single one of you. Then while you decide as a chapter we will focus on, then come back next year and report on what you did because it is a waste of time to talk about what we need to work on and then dont comeback with we heard it then we implemented it so what has to be there i am happy to come back to hear what you accomplished and i will not come back to have a discussion on what we need to do freedoms will. The two of you you can talk right now from the Freedom School i am only about us getting stuff done there is no time for talk but get to work. [applause] [inaudible conversations] the terrorist group will seek to put their message out on platforms that are accessed via the largest population is impossible then they bombarded with thousands of messages every day of propaganda it is across the board is a we are familiar with the shocking images and it is despicable but they show a of public execution but they are bombarding that same audience with those targeted messages the same way the market is due one they will hand out candy to children but then in a nother video it will show a gun in one hand but the energy and he holds a kitchen. With the their messages they will show images of life in the caliphates. So they will look to see with though large scale bombardment of images if they can get someone on the hook [inaudible conversations] good morning welcome to brookings with the center on 21st century we have a wonderful event here today i am pleased to have a number of members of the National SecurityIndustrial Base and the greatest companies to of defense and nondefense to represent companies that are for a number of years with a lot of expertise. With the introduction so trying to look at a few specific areas of technology and innovation to haverford we will begin wetted is Additive Manufacturing or three the printing also Propulsion Technology thatd say that is day oldfashioned area but yet to a rapid innovation and we will talk about software with the Electronic Systems that have heavy electronics that has to be improved. All of this relates to Defense Strategy power is Technology Changing so fast with the pursuits of the revolution of military affairs. To what extent to make sure adversaries do not do it first with that evolutionary process but we dont need to get overly excited or disruptive with resource allocation and this relates touse sequestration of the Defense Budget so those that we tried to facilitate or promotes, if it can figure out some way with the possibility of sequester or a shutdown that in the cosmic sense they dont look horrible to the have reagin server because it is only 54 7 of the budget but the program is much greater than that but we hope he will raise some of that in the discussion period. I will ask each panelist a general question when of the areas of technology before going to your questions. Standing immediately next to me is Brennan Hogan who will lead to the discussion of 3d printing. And she will save more to explain this area of technology if you dont know but it is an area that is touted as a remarkable and important area of innovation that it could change everything because we could produce technology in ways and are entirely different to what extent that is hype or real she will help us understand as well james joyce. And he knows a great deal about helping the department of defense to take advantage of opportunities for Additive Manufacturing in a realistic way. It is not future talk but were also thinking practically about what dod can do it immediately. We also have another outstanding Defense Company and he will talk about software and Information Technology so we will look to david to explain how he defines this area of renovation the years most focus on and what he recommends how we should pursue policy than finally we have james kenyon with engine and Propulsion Technology to have the chance to say what ever else needs to be done to get ready for your questions as we try to preserve Defense Technology but neither is complacent. We thank you for your indulgence and the like to begin with Brennan Hogan that only to help us understand 3d printing or Additive Manufacturing but the realistic aspects. First of all, thanks very much for having me it is wonderful to be here. I appreciate the baseball analogies. To a baseline Additive Manufacturing is not a new technology it has been around over 30 years Many Organizations have been using an but if you are not familiar, how many of you have to build sand castles on the beach . You can build 12 ways fill the bucket with sand and put it down bed you have parts of the sand castle the other way put sand and water into a bucket and slow the drip the drip castle effected layer by layer and at the end you have to castles. Verisimilar in structure but different make up in a component is a little different. That is Additive Manufacturing. Making a sand castle in the new way. So with that we understand that dod with logistics and supply chain. Just because a new technology can provide a service it doesnt mean necessarily should. Said to understand a strategic am policy level and is then just to major you can print the material or the part where to make sure you have material that is chemically able to produce for what you need but what are their trading and workforce implications the standard set you need to apply . How will you test these parts . In the field or before . What are the implications . With the traditional supply chain you have the parts that are manufactured then they go onto a piece of machinery or into the field. The army has already started to deploy that technologies you can have that where you need it in the field. Does that work . And what are the skills . There are different implications. If you are printing then you have have the 3d data. The department of defense is not alone that so what is that conversion process . Is it worth and who owns that . The department or someone else and how does that fit together . Then with the cybersecurity aspect. If you have that data out there it is critical parts to keep pieces of machinery machinery, how do you secure that . In a very quick nutshell of what were doing and what were looking at how to think through the application of the technology whether or not it is disruptive or effective. A quick followup question. Thank you for that background to original equipment manufacturer so we will try to connect some of the very Innovative Technology areas to a the conversation. How much of the dod budget could be lined up . And just to be clearer the budget is 100 billion per year and to those that have purchases of hardware is another 30 billion so out of that is is so revolutionary to see tens of billions of dollars of acquisition produced over the next few years . I will not venture to guess a number i am not comfortable to do that yet but it would be in a modest and incremental way and one way to help the Defense Agency hundreds of thousands of parts every day seven of those are high in demand and some are low and demand some you dont even need may be replacing a car every 10 or 15 years than the original manufacturer may not have the tubing to create that part so there is a need for a potential use for Additive Manufacturing that were trying to determine where it can be applied were actually working with doa now to evaluate which parts can be produced with Additive Manufacturing and still have the same functionality and is the demand signal appropriate . And can you print it with that process to get the part that you need in the end . Is of modest incremental ted or 15 or 20 your time frame so you could potentially prints if you go through the whole process to evaluate the process. So how big a deal is this and what will happen over the next 10 or 20 years as ec 3d printing come into effect . But i will say couple of things to bear in mind. The first is the next hot to 08 at christmas will be Additive Manufacturing. So with the ability to manufacture things the breaking of the tyranny of scale of Capital Machinery machinery, is the basis and Additive Manufacturing is the lead technology but cheaper robotics will bring this to scale. What is the hurdle to get over before we can unlock this revolution . It is part cert so can i replicate the process to be sure that i did that . Can i predict the fight night actions of that part . And then when i send it somewhere else to be made then we really unleashed the technology and why it is propelled it is costly and transfers resources so as the analog is a tethered maneuver unit with a significant supply chain goes preindustrial revolution the way it operated with the napoleonic era, if it had a good carpenter and metalworker. To pick up materials and to modify the ship to transform its abilities when the new cap did and took over the ships the first thing is try to get more speed out of the sale. So with Additive Manufacturing stars you do is it breaks the tether to weigh heavy Industrial Base. How does it do that . Looked at a machine shop they have a certain envelope of capabilities to manufacture repair things and with Additive Manufacturing does is it gracefully greatly increases that envelope because you are working from raw material rather than fabricated parts so the resolution comes as a result of the manufacturing because of that logistical pressure but it also comes because a environment of constrained resources were likely to see innovation in the way it used to be done, which is for example, with Additive Manufacturing, as some have come up with a number of innovations with field hospitals to treat though wounds for specialize clamps and surgical guys. So you have day logistical component the derivative of both of those of the hacker i have been around for awhile and i can remember grenade launchers to put a pistol grips on those. That is the innovation all of a sudden to not only have the much wider capability to spread more quickly so you will see innovation to bubble up that way. Unit of this size the benefit for units of Additive Manufacturing is that the primary benefit or will receive traditional manufacturers just because they to make it more economic with less to living in their factory to be less dramatic than the expeditionary . The changes will be more gradual because they are against edited manufacturing but with the benefits is contrary to raid a calculate their own economics and we need to take a broader perspective. But you will see the rise of individual companies that are producing obsolete parts and frankly into mainstream parts as they start to show out what is protected legally . Becomes a commodity they dont use much money to set up a capable machine shop but then done by very large defense companies. I see that change coming due to pressures of the Defense Industry as opposed to a revolution. I knowc vau s bring to the discussion an area that is different as they have been talking about the additives manufacturing is part of a broader set of changes to what we have been discussing you have the whole i tv Software World so please help us. I think many of of motivations that is called Cognitive Software systems is a similar inspiration to provide aid capability quicker than in the past we could analyze the threats better out there to deal with competitive advantage and work through the acquisition cycle to get out there based on the time constant. Our adversaries to commercial technologies with exquisite our resolutions and makes them more agile so were doing similar things. Look bad Radio Systems also investing in march lerner architecture and development were at the point to see the capability to run up against in firemans that are ill characterized with the architects systems with this type of analogy may be with the communications example, if you would take a 20 radio 20 years ago you would find circuits and transistors most of the functionality of radios to day is in the software. We have the ability to upgrade them very quickly that what we did not anticipate was the potential of cognitive learning to figure out Communication Strategies in realtime. With the as designed system to mitigate that interference and then turn over time as opposed to acquisition time this falls broadly under the umbrella of the economy with investment that is one example. The idea that we come to the systems that most of at adaptation wish you could build systems that characterize the environment and to optimize those but to think about take that same design pattern is the limited factor an algorithm for with the radio examples is it the antenna that was designed much earlier . So in field situations to allow that cognitive process to exploit that version. This sounds like a round of activity of systems that i am trying to simplify a the dollar is at stake as a metric but do talk about the of wide array of the software that most of all advanced weapons to bear part of the discussions tonight that a mountain content there is no magic bullet that with that adaptation in you have other challenges to provide those behaviors and performance that you want. And the environment where adversaries are able to cycle very quickly the difficulty of breaking good software, and the complexity is a responsories solution solution, but it sounds like you have the ability to continue the modify and adapt and to not be locked into the system that you started with and that could be beneficiary but if you make mistakes from the original and general if there were Software Problems that we could fix them more easily as we discover them in the field. Many suffer challenges from today for it to make this offer better but there is a challenge associated with how well we characterize the objectives so i do see this as an opportunity to have a broader ability for those environments we cannot anticipate . Very important with those United States and around the world today to know as much about injuns as you are kindly helping us to understand. That builds on what we have said already because as an engine manufacturer, we use things Like Software and work on how we improve software to make that more adaptive and techniques like Additive Manufacturing to make jet engines faster and better but at the end of the day we have the adaptability at a higher level.