Have ratcheted up tensions with the United States at an alarming rate. With the knowledge that north korea conducted 20 missile test on over a dozen different occasions between february and september 2017, including tests of Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles, Many Americans and our allies around the globe remain on edge. However, americans may rightly wonder about north koreas ability to threaten the homeland. Intelligence from the kingdom is often inconsistent and limited, despite these intelligence challenges, information that has been gathered is reason enough for alarm. According to media reports, to north korean shipments to a Syrian GovernmentAgency Responsible for the countrys Chemical Weapons Program were intercepted in the past six months. While these reports did not detail what the shipments to syria contained, this is not the first time a north korean ship has been seized carrying suspected Missile System components. In 2013, a north korean ship was intercepted in the panama canal with manifests hidden under legitimate cargo parts, fighter jets and rockets. In addition, according to the council on Foreign Relations, recent estimates suggest north koreas future weapons stockpile comprises 16 Nuclear Weapons and has the potential to grow rapidly by 2020 to potentially 125 weapons. Furthermore, the center for nonproliferation studies estimate north korea has between 20 505,000 metric tons of chemical weapons and as we are all aware with the assassination of kim jong uns halfbrother with a nerve agent, those weapons have been put to use. Whether or not north korea intends to act on any of its threats to the us, we must also keep in mind that pyongyang is willing and able to supply weaponry, expertise and or technology to other hostile nationstates and possibly nationstate actors that are intent on destroying the United States and the freedoms we stand for. Department of Homeland Security repertory john kelly stated in april that the most internet threat from north korea is a cyber threat. North koreas in increasingly sophisticated Cyber Program had the ability to pose a major threat the United States interest. For example, federal prosecutors are investigating north korea or a role in the International Banking system for the swift act that resulted in the death of 81 million from the central bank in 2016. In late 2014 Computer Systems of Sony Pictures entertainment were infiltrated with was said to have been in retaliation over express outrage over the sony backfill centered on kim jong un. With a growing variety of Digital Press from the private sector and federal networks, are we prepared to safeguard our infrastructure against a north korean led cyber attack while Cyber Attacks are a serious risk, we cannot discount other possible threats such as electromagnetic pulse or emp and while some believe as a lowprobability , the va catastrophic event, that would result in paralyzing United States and other key infrastructure that rely on the electric to function. Disrupting to our power grid would be disastrous according to a 2016 Government Accountability office or report, the major emp event could result in potential cascading impacts on fuel distribution and transportation systems, food and Water Supplies and communication and equipment for emergency services. As north korea continues its belligerent actions, the United States must be prepared to protect the homeland from an array of threats. The department of Homeland Security has a vital role in protecting infrastructure and preventing chemical biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism. This will allow us to gain a greater understanding of the multitude disparity and probability of threats posed by north korea and the department of Homeland Security how theycan best prepare for and mitigate these risks. The chair recognizes the writing party member of the subcommittee, the gentleman from california. Thank you chairman perry and welcome all here today. I think you todays hearing on the threats of north korea and again, i think the witnesses for being here today. I wanted to take a moment to send my thoughts to those affected by the Southern California wildfires. In my district, any folks near and dear to me having evacuated. Thousands have had to be evacuated from their homes and a couple of cans, seeing those evacuated are in my district. So my thoughts and prayers are with them as well as others from california. I want to thank the First Responders for again, doing the work they are doing right now in and around the district. The chairman will recognize the seriousness of north korea and the threat it poses to us. I just want to take a moment to acknowledge that we also have to look at those affected by hurricane harvey, earl and maria and hope you get their attention as well. Coming back to north korea, americas current diplomatic policy must be cautious and engaging this individual leadership that appears to be very unpredictable. Reports do confirm that north korea is accelerating the physical testing, developing more of its resources to develop Cyber Operations and threatening to create a multi functional nuclear bomb. We recent actions such as the north korean connected hacking groups that still 81 million from banks in bangladesh show that north korea is getting more daring and much more dysfunctional with their Cyber Operations. From the Witnesses Today i look forward to hearing from you and how this department of Homeland Security can protect the vulnerable Critical InfrastructureCyber Threats and how we can mitigate such threats here in our country. Further, while the probability of a electromagnetic pulse appears to be at this time unlikely, north korea has made it clear that it is testing its ability to make a Hydrogen Bomb capable of such destructionso my question is , is emp something that is a threat this time or very soon. Speaking on the S Administration with President Trump, north koreas leader stated that trump denied the existence of insulting me and my country from the eyes of the world, my question is is this anything new or is this what they been going on for the last 20 years. Im interested in hearing today from the witnesses in this panel. What happened to the unthinkable happened. But what would happen if 20 or 30 minutes in that hypothetical scenario but i think its one that we need to be apprised of. With that mister chair, i think you and i feel back the balance of my time. Thanks gentleman. I would also like to join you and echoing my concerns for those affected in and around your district and of course in california, wildfires and First Responders as well as the victims of the recent hurricanes this year. The continental United States and our citizens in puerto rico and the caribbean. With that, other members of the subcommittee are reminded that Opening Statements may be submitted for the record. We had a distinguished panel of witnesses before us today, the entire written statements will appear in the record. The chair will introduce the witness first and recognize each of you for your testimony. Mister frank, all right. It is associated Vice President at George Washington university and director of hunter for cyber and Homeland Security, he previously served a numerous positions in the white house and Homeland Security advisory council, welcome sir, Mister Anthony did jerry. Okay. Is a senior fellow with the foundation of defense and democracy , he served that in the Treasury Department as director of the office of Global Affairs and office of terrorist financing and spent 13 years in various positions in the state department, welcome sir. Mister patrick correll. Is a Senior Research fellow at the center for the study of wmd, weapons of mass instruction at the National Defense university, served in the u. S. Army corps or 27 years and was the wmd military advisor and Deputy Director for chemical, biological and radiological defense policy in the office of the Deputy Assistant secretary defense for wmd, thank you for your service and welcome. Mister jeff green is senior director of Global Government Affairs and policy at symantec where he leads a team focused on Cyber Security data integrity and privacy issues. Prior to joining symantec he served in possessions on the Homeland Security and Welfare Committee and as an attorney with the washington dc wall law firm, welcome. Doctor peter visits scribe the nationally not expert on electromagnetic pulse or emp. Doctor fry was most recently chief of staff of the Emp Commission and has served on the staff of various congressional commissions related to National Security as well as the House Armed Services committee and was an Intelligence Officer with the Central Intelligence agency. Welcome sir. I thank you all for being here, the chair recognizes that mister soto or an Opening Statement. Chairman perry, Ranking Member, and distinguished members of the subcommittee, thank you for the opportunity to testify before you today. Im on such a critical set of issues. North korea poses an increasingly complex and multidimensional threat to the us homeland. Many facets of the challenge include the nuclear threat, the missile threat and the proliferation threat. My old remarks will focus on the cyber. As regards to the cyber aspect, is not onedimensional. To the contrary, it may manifest in at least three ways, as a standalone Cyber Threats, as a component in conjunction with the broader campaign, i. E. Military or connect means or as an indicator of an attack or campaign that is yet to come. The cyber equivalent of intelligence preparation on the battlefield or the mapping of our Critical Infrastructure. I have a conference we close was it with the Central Intelligence agency last week , the senior cia official described north korea as between bookends. They are tiny abandoned on the one hand and the fear of the us on the other. The official stated further that north korea opposed the United States and that kim jong un defines wedding as changing the game. It is against this background that the overriding revival of the kim regime and the military first policy that the north korean Cyber Threats must be considered and evaluated. In terms of the bottom line up front, the cyber threat is already here. This persistent, ongoing and comes in various guises and forms. The battlefield includes the traditional airland c space, cyberspace which is simultaneously own domain and transcends all the other domains. My question is if and when the North Koreans cyber activity is moving higher up the chain of conflict or going beyond traditional exploits and cybercrime to bigger and more destructive actions. And if so, what are the primary targets, how can we poorly attack or minimize the impact or Contingency Planning andbuilding resilience. On the high end of the sector in our nationstate, these military and Intelligence Services are integrating Computer Network attacks and exploits into their work fighting strategies and docks. North korea is one of a small handful of topping the list from the us National Security perspective. While many of the details of their cyber warfare capabilities are shrouded in secrecy, we do know north korea is invested heavily in building out their cyber capability. 2015 reports for the south Korean Defense ministry estimates the north Korean Cyber Army employs anelite squad of hackers. This number is likely increase , and its worth noting many of these hackers operate outside of pyongyang in northeast china and Southeast Asia and while that may not be up to par with the likes of russia or china, what north korea may lack the capability, they unfortunately more than make up for. North korea is engaging in both extensive espionage as well as destructive activities. They operate without compunction, recent reports on covering of classic information from the south Korean Military and the targeting of Us Energy Companies and other Industrial Control Systems here are troubling and reflective of their united. And the attack on sony is one example of destructive activity, there are sadly many more. But perhaps what differentiates north korea from other actors is that they turn to cybercrime to raise revenue, including funneling their nuclear efforts. Especially given recent sanctions that are levied upon them, they then pay as a likely culprit to both you mister chairman and the Ranking Member has highlighted behind astring of cyber Bank Robberies as far as poland but also the swift act on central bank of bangladesh , and other crypto currency exchanges and the rental where attack which impacted 150 countries. It passed is prolonged, we ought to be prepared to further fight the north korean cyber crime. While the twist may be relatively new, such behavior is not. North korea has long turned to criminal activities such as currency, pharmaceuticals to fill its coffers and whereas traditionally the forces of crime seek to penetrate the state, in the case of north korea, the opposite is true. The country often uses diplomatic coverage to pursue illegal activities. In essence they are using National Collections from all sorts of intelligence for criminal gain or more aptly, to be compared to a state sponsor of cybercrime. One word on what we do about this. Bottom line, we need to train more and better. We need to exercise and think contingency plans are important, make the big mistakes on the practice field, not when its game day. Dhs has done good work in terms of sharing of information intelligence such as cobra where they provided indicators of north korean activity. This is so vital because thats going to be the warning, the indicator that something bigger may be afoot. In terms of the broader threats, other potential scenarios like emp, that will require a broader response and we need to include partners like dod as utilities would be overwhelmed. I hope theres more time to get into that during the q a, thank you mister chairman thank you , chairman now recognizes mister rugiero for an Opening Statement. Chairman perry, Ranking Member correa and distinguished members, thank you for the opportunity to address you on this issue. North koreas Nuclear Weapons are expanding after a decade of failed american policy. Now we propose a direct threat to the us. Pyongyang has threatened our close allies south korea and japan as well as us troops in asia for decades on allied territory. Congress of north koreas programs should not be surprising since pyongyang conducted First Nuclear test 11 years ago. And its longrange missile programs have lasted for more than 20 years. Pyongyang twice tested and Intercontinental Ballistic Missile in july that could target los angeles, denver and chicago and possibly boston and new york. The regime tested a Massive Nuclear weapon designed to obliterate cities and could be delivered by pyongyangs longrange missiles. These developments are more concerning