Lay bac [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] thank you for being here. It is a great honor for me to be here. Im somewhat intimidated even though it several years since the Prime Minister in the president were in office, im still intimidated when im around them. I do want to point out, our titles start with the same words, former [laughter] so, that makes a sort of equal if i had heard you before [inaudible] [laughter] you would have a lot of reasons to take that back. Its so bright, i cant see, but i know ramon is here somewhere. Over there, i wanted to acknowledge ramon who was actually my partner when i was a master. He was the canadian ambassador to the United States and was a remarkable Career Foreign Service officer for canada and we did work very well together, which i think is a model for how ambassadors should work. President clinton looked for a nephew to him. Ive asked her to canada, couldnt find one and settled on me. So, lets move along. These two gentlemen served as g8 leaders together for seven years plus. I can tell you, from my experience as an observer, they developed a remarkable personal chemistry. They were always taking the responsibilities for the respective countries as their First Priority but they also knew the dynamic between them, the chemistry between them would be of value to both our countries, and frankly, i think to the world. im not sure theres been very many instances in history where World Leaders were as close as these two gentlemen were. Im not just talking about the candidate in the United States, im talking generally. President clinton visited canada more than any other president in United States history. I have to note he came to ottawa in october of 99. The only time u. S. President in our history, before or since went and dedicated the u. S. Embassy outside the country, which was a statement about his interest in canada, he later went on to make a speech on federalism which we will discuss. Administer, we must try to give him honorary american citizenship but he had relatives in New Hampshire he became christian people in New Hampshire speak french as well as i do. He even came to my alma mater and brought a trade mission to atlanta where i live. They Work Together to make north america a remarkable place for all of us, but also as ive said, to improve the world. I have to say, there are times when there was a little stress in their relationship, president clinton went to make a speech but part of it was an inducement to play a great of course there after the speech. In the president , as is his habit, was running a little late so starting to get dark after nine holes and the Prime Minister looked at him and said hell, its too dark, we have to call this match and the president looked at him and got a little strapped and said you promised me a golf game, were going to play golf game. Then he looks at me and i thought i was the United States ambassador, but i got in charge of the lights. He said my ambassador will fix this [laughter] so the secret service vans and trucks pulled up to the edge of the golf course and lit the fairway and said see and they finish the round. My last vignette, before we get to the business at hand, there is a wonderful picture that i have seen of the to these gentlemen at a g8 meeting in england and, like schoolboys, they escaped from the boring meetings and went running across a pastor together to get away from the tedium of it. We have the Prime Minister of canada who is 12 or 13 years older up on top of the wall, helping the president of the United States climb over this wall to get away from the Security Guard [laughter] so, i am going to give you to a chance to talk, i promise. First though, what i would like to ask you gentlemen is, again through my observation, there were two other people in this partnership were not only extraordinarily supportive but probably drove the success that each of you realized. I know eileen is here this evening and i wondered if you might tell us how she is doing and mr. President , i just finished Hillary Clintons book the other night and it seems like shes still got some gas in the tank so [laughter] so, i would like you to give us a sense of how our former first lady and secretary of state is doing i think theyre doing very well. Shes here with me tonight and, ive known her for 65 years. [applause] weve been married 60 years and she was my rock of gibraltar [inaudible] she will not talk much, but when she had something to tell me it was very straight. Youre talking too long or shut up, no no, she never said that [laughter] she was very good to keep me in line with my speeches with people and just some things, i would make a speech but im not paying too much attention and she will watch and she say you know when you said that what god did not applaud and did not get up. Neither did the other guy, and after that i said the two together after that, watch them, she would tell me. [laughter] so, you know, what can i say . She is the mother my three kids, and we have five grandchildren and four greatgrandchildren. Not too bad. In january, i put my greatgrandson on skis and about 75 feet he went down and my grandson said, william, put your hands there and go alone. He did about 60 feet alone. When i arrived home i said dont forget, william, you are skiing for the first time with your grand grandfather. He said no, i was skiing alone. I thought oh my god, watch them. Thank you. [applause] first of all, since you introduced your beautiful wife, one of the lasting memories of being an american president in canada is when she took hillary skating because hillary is from chicago we didnt do skating when i was a boy. We didnt have ice anywhere. Now, the south, thanks to airconditioning, has professional hockey teams. Back then, we didnt do skating. Hillary went out and i thought they were never going to come back. They just went skating off. She is doing well. Its a good book. I didnt think she had time to do a really good book, but she worked so hard and to young people who worked on her campaign too, and i think it was really important to try to explain this, especially to people who care about our country and were close to what was happening, what in fact happened. [applause] at the outset i suggested that two of you develop a remarkable chemistry together and in some ways in my eyes i almost looked as it mr. Jean chretien to be the older brother in the relationship both of you grew up in small Rural Communities and had an affinity for people. Both of you decided at the early age to be involved in Public Policy was important and in order to do that successfully to be in the political process that you both mastered. So the similarities are remarkable. I remember someone once said you were difficult to understand in both official languages. [laughter] i may get fired. [laughter] everybody understood me. [applause] i would like you to help us understand commented that chemistry exist and if it did did that assist you to Work Together with gold engagement that made a difference beyond the shores . We were politicians. I was a politician all my life. Of course you are criticized all the time. Because we had then elected and you try to make a Better Society for everybody. So we had the same goals because the ability to share in society for people to have a good life for themselves. That is why we are in politics. And and and adds to the game because i found that he was a professional politician to do a good job to the people of the United States. [applause] first of all, then he won i realized he had virtually every administrate administered real post. So i was fascinated. I was born in a small town to a family of modest means in the state with the Second Lowest percapita income right after a world war ii. But i was an only child until i was ted my mother lost the baby then had another one i was 10 years old. 530 was the youngest of 18. 19 so i became fascinated so it is an unbelievable tribute to his parents and the culture of which he was born that a person born without a lot of money with 19 children developed the personality and self confidence and work habits. Sanders stands his survival skill and peas have its. I was thinking he must be something because he was the 18th kid and now Prime Minister he must of had persisted azeri he never would have been fed. [laughter] i was utterly fascinated. I was a depression era baby in a way but kids in my generation were brought up on stories of the depression. My grandfather we being because he could not afford to buy a my grandmother eight new eastern address that was 1. 50. So we wound up basically social and economic progressives. [applause] i live now bin talal land la la land everybody wants spending if they dont have to pay for it. But but it worked out pretty well. But i came to respect what he knew and his instincts and how smart he was and how strong he was. We had a few disagreements that were enlightening to meet we never became angry we were doing our jobs for our respective countries. And it is important one of the reasons the world this so polarized we dont see each other as people that we get off to start off with a presumption of mistrust. I spent 20 minutes with him. Then i knew i could trust him. Richet occasions i knew it would be x and that is where he was with human relations even with people with whom we disagree. There needs to be some restoration of basic human decency and resources to have trust. Otherwise it doesnt work very well. [applause] the first time we met in seattle. And i said i dont want to be close to you because if i am too close then to be the 51st state of america i cannot do things for you this cia cannot do. [laughter] remember that . I do. We played golf the it and america a we are the closest people. We have 1 billion of trade the mayor has problems in montreal. We tried to solve them. We have to make the concessions and to have a mind trust is everything. Not to take advantage of my friendship. We try to convince the others because we have some problems virtually no problem with the immigration. Because we know we need immigrants in the nation. [applause] fet emigrant is an asset to buy food and clothing and furniture as a consumer. So we understand that type of problem is the knowledge. But was inaudible yet all. But he wanted to convince you. And to take all the times that you need. But for you you were not satisfied. And i am grateful for that. [applause] i thought the answer was it worked so well because of the quality of the ambassadors. [laughter] we will come back to that. To talk about trade in the United States is controversial. Now zero not talking about trade between georgia and South Carolina but along with our partners in mexico to renegotiate nafta it was negotiated before he became president but you had to get it passed through congress of a suspected there was not a democrat in the white house we would not have got it passed and you did a remarkable job. To extract a few other agreements that was 25 years ago. Any objective observer per would say was an enormously positive even though there are flaws. Them policy needs to be updated and removed but whether in retrospect if it was the right thing at that time. And if so what was your view now whether or not we should have a renewed nafta Going Forward . The first morning i was Prime Minister, of president clinton and he said congratulations we have a problem with the nafta. Remember . Im talking to congress and the ambassador and we were on the way to a solution and to for me, a trade has increased around the globe. In the economy is the merging. In the globe is more than it was before. But the problem after 20 years it is the biggest problem that we face. In relation to what the poor have been and the trade between the two of us has been very good for canada. And to adjust to those changes needed but to be more prosperous today in canada because of that. I dont know why they complain in the United States about growth with the lowest unemployment in a long time. We have to look at what is positive in public life. I do not like those that are always negative it is our responsibility to make people feel good. Because then they spend money if you tell that you are in deep trouble and there is nothing so it was very good for canada and the United States because mexico with the buyers of goods from the United States. But the three of us have been a lot of growth and a nafta was a very good deal. [applause] i think it was the right thing to do. Consider what would have happened if we had defeated him with the rhetoric coming out of the national administration. We would have another 1 million undocumented immigrants as the Economy Today a terrible hit we would have been widely loathed throughout latin america where the trade volumes where they went way up with more expert exports than any other part of the world. In a left us stronger with a more diversified economy. All trade agreements have winners and losers. But to make three . Points there have been independent studies done that show on the numbers of jobs in canada and mexico have been modest but with his changes the nature of the jobs. Ironically an open the countrys for Different Reasons pay more in jobs that were so dependent upon the domestic economy no doubt those a benefit for those trade agreements would be more than if not. The problems of the United States if i had to do it again this is what i would deal with. Once the republicans with a nafta had they wanted they didnt want to fund those new incentives that were hurt by a trade from 1993 all the way through 2000 to create the markets that were left out and left behind. Those that feel they were passed by. And dont forget this. The biggest problem with the job loss was chinese trade. Mostly because to force the agreements with 900 billion worth of identity. But if we buy a product in america from china on average 4 american components from mexico is 40 and canada 25 so the more we integrate our economies the more likely we are to find beneficial benefits better mutual. If we start having Artificial Intelligence will press and more jobs. And a rich country like china and america of ironically we should do much more manufacturing because labor costs is a smaller percentage of the total of materials and energy and transportation is a bigger percentage. Since the markets are big big, relatively speaking we will do better and should get more but involved in making any thing will go down. So we need to think about how we will be five years from now and 10 years from now to get the money up front so of the jobs were leaving we would invest to give them Something Else to do. That i regret i knew thered be winners and losers in we would help of users but i was wrong. But the net effect was positive for economics for ourselves and with mexico between 2010 and 2014 youll find is hard to believe but zero net migration from mexico to the United States. Because they have their own economy and they created universities to produce 100,000 engineers per year. We need to go together. The u. S. Canada and mexico with the world goes to hell with the bombing then we have to hold tight to each other as far south as we can get people who believe in freedom and democracy and if the world gave good sense to move away from terror, then we need a base from which to fly and this is it. I think we did the right thing. But just with the last election at home some people were left behind, that was a convenient target. That is what i think. [applause] butted is true it needs some work. There are a lot of issues that our dominant. So if the American Administration works and in good faith with the of Prime Minister we confine day when the wind solution over the last 25 years. I hope they come now to 0k. [applause] i have an anecdote. When i was sworn in i received a phone call from a texan by the name of ross perot. He said mr. Chretien if you kill nafta i will direct a monument for you in texas. And i said a big monument for me in texas is not useful because none of them will be voting for me because he was against nafta upper crow remember . [laughter] he said nafta would create a giant sucking sound is all the jobs disappeared and 23 million jobs later i kept listening. I had a great experience to move to canada when i was three months old my father lived in montreal and went through seventh grade through high school i feel like i a grew up in canada. And in 1999 we were getting ready to inaugurate a new u. S. Embassy that president clinton went against the state departments advice to inaugurate the building as they create day president is not canadas, where . So to reach out and ask if he would make a speech. And then we worked out a schedule that prevented him to go there and he was that he told me before i ever came to canada after i was sworn in the president told me the president did not focus on the neighborhood and we would focus on the neighborhood so i knew from that minute for word about his knowledge. You invited him to come to quebec so that question still was active. There was a government at the time advocating separation. The president agreed to come under circumstances that he was supposed to make that he was prepared and decided he would talk from the heart it was the most remarkable force of the intellectual underpinnings for federalism of how to keep the country together. That made me nervous but that worked. Actually he came to me after the speech and said i would like and i said so what i. [laughter] i have never seen what he just said. [laughter] i want to ask why you decided to invite him to com