Its good for all of us to appreciate just what a high risk, high reward investment is all about. So if that was a progress of technology and super duper engineering challenges that had to be overcome, a lot of people as you might guess came and went. And it involved multidisciplinary teams of people who did the numerical relativity for computers so thats new in the first gravitational wave was detected. And what the source was, that was two colliding black holes that were in a postbinary system. The most recent gravitational wave detection to neutron stars emerging. So its, but it was a very long tail. There are many many directors, many and its a Program Officers involved National Science board, they changed over large number of times during that interval and had to improve all the funding and that of Course Congress of course was the ultimate arbiter of appropriations and making the decision to continue an investment but nobody was quite sure what would have a result so how risky is that . We all knew that einstein had and upright so we could expect that accelerating mass somewhere in the universe would produce Gravitational Waves when the calculations were done, the difference, the little jiggles that the earth experienced were just a fraction of a second, it was so very small that who would have guessed 100 years ago when einstein predicted this happened that we ever have the technology to find something so incredibly technically challenging. So sense the observatory, we have two widely separated in the us, one in the states of washington. And third, one in the state of louisiana in livingston and now theres also another observatory in italy near pisa. That we can now, its narrow down where the locations of the sources are and in order to achieve such a technological triumph, a lot of engineering had to be done in successive waves and all of those have produced outcomes that are now being enjoyed by Startup Companies and others who just had no motivation for going in those particular directions without motivation of trying to nail this effect down. So we dont know where it all will lead in this first exciting moment, but apparently the nobel prize did enough of it to award the prize to just three of the actually thousands of people who had worked on it. Do you know on the latest paper with 3500 authors, so that amounts of print takes up more room than the actual articleitself. I want to introduce the subject of this next session which is this booklet here, transform which is just very beautiful and its about an initiative that intercepts privilege to fund called exploring innovation frontiers initiatives. And i want to give a shout out to promote doctor carney are who is the ahead of our engineering directorate. A few years ago when we made the decision to fund this. And hes gone on to uc irvine where he is chancellor for research. And during this time, there have been several workshops around the country, and ill say a few words about that and you will hear from a few of the people that were greatly involved in those workshops and know more about this. Let me make now that ive introduced the subject of basic research, leading to innovation and leading to engineering applications, let me make some more formal remarks. Ill just begin with a quote from our inspiration meaning the inspiration for the National Science foundation who believed that quote, there must be a stream of new scientific knowledge to turn the wheels of private and Public Enterprises. That amount was a very smart, president person who thought way forward. He was asked by president roosevelt at the time of the Second World War to write up a statement of why it was important to have science engineers involved. They been so successful in helping with the wartime efforts, why it was so important for them to help with the peacetime effort so at that time, as you heard in thisquote , hes talking about the importance of private and Public Enterprises and how there needs to be a new stream of scientific knowledge. That really is the basis of the National Science foundation. Its continually looking to support new discoveries, new discoverers because its people, of course, that make the discoveries. And keeping that going is really the source of all innovation. We heard at some of the workshops around the country, youll hear more about it from the next group about the importance of diversity and inclusion of discoverers and how that was vital to ensuring that we had always a plethora of new advances. And that youre really tapping all the potential that the United States has. So flowing from that founding spirit, funding has resulted in countless advances for us citizens from really worldwide from Doppler Radar to mri scans, from the internet technology, from google to barcodes, from computer aid science systems to engineering. As i go about the country and the world, im always amazed by the number of people that, to me and say thank you. Nsf gave me the first job i ever had and now i got on with the department of energy and ive got funding for my more Mission Oriented work but that very first rap, we were the first originators of gene editing. And i think then bush would be pleased today to see that for the first time this past couple months since we moved to headquarters fromarlington virginia to alexandria virginia , that we have made a statue of mister bush. Its hard to imagine a person who had such an impact on science and technology 70 years ago, that there are no statues of around so we investigated and we found in the basement of an outbuilding of the smithsonian there is one that stands up this tall of ron that was made back in the 1940s with a number of other famous people and the smithsonian wouldnt give it to us so we 3d printed it. It looks just like the real thing. You have to come visit us. The fbi, Small BusinessInnovative Research program, the ichor, innovation core program which is now all over the country and helps graduate students and undergraduates become entrepreneurs very quickly and are ten big ideas which is our signature vision for the future now. They all signify a longstanding commitment to innovative breakthroughs that have been critical to the nations economy, health into keeping us a global leader. The same entrepreneurial ambitions throughout the creation of the council on competitiveness and indispensable Foundation Purpose to find avenues to robust Economic Growth in the series and the face of serious global challenges. Im going to be speaking later this afternoon at a forum on philanthropy and science and innovation and together with francis, head of nih and matthew of the white house and its being hosted by the science philanthropy alliance, mark castor is the head of that and im going to use the council on competitiveness as a great example of bringing public and private entities together successfully to drive innovation through discovery. Organizations like the council have consistently encouraged the National Climate in which science and engineering discovers have adapted to new changes we continue to thrive in centuries of progress have led us to the verge of new frontiers of discovery. But we still have a lot of challenges and we face all sorts of concerns at home and abroad and of course we have a very big challenge of educating and inspiring future innovators and i think that is why people at the National Science foundation and a lot of people at the council and in this room that is one of our major concerns, how to inspire them and they in turn can inspire the world. We have navigated a lot of Major Barriers in order to come this far so the question is how do we as a nation continue to explore the national frontiers. Our histories have shown that american discoveries and discovers have consistently driven innovation and is the place where discoveries began that is our motto for [inaudible] we know this is the same determination to discover is what we will secure our future. To address this challenge and assess the partner to come up with creative approaches of transformative discoveries that is why this is called transport. Two years ago at georgia tech Deborah Smith joins me in announcing that the National Science foundation had awarded a grant to the council of competitiveness to launch the exploring innovation frontiers and initiatives. The eis i we call it for short was organized as a series of National Dialogs on how to drive us competitiveness in the decades ahead. We had at all of the venues the dialogue from the country presented industry and academia and National Labs and research institutions. Had labor leaders, opinion leaders all gathered together. These let us to examine the transformative innovation models that addressed booming global concern. Dialogs touched on fostering an environment conducive to discovery on ensuring diversity and inclusion in americas future talent based and analyzing specific technologies to help drive innovation in the future. I also had the opportunity to attend the opening dialogue in atlanta. And the final event in st. Louis. I want to take a moment to thank our host George Tech University of california riverside, texas a m university and Washington University in st. Louis and the many people in those areas who worked hard to make it a success. Being a part of those dialogs is why those who are specifically here this morning are very excited about this. Today the council will release this final report capturing insight and recommendation from the last two years of dialogue. Im interested in hearing about the proposal that will keep our nation competitive in the generations to come. This upcoming session should have some enlightening insights for us all. Id like to end with a quote in this report here when perusing it i received the final report yesterday and so its under the summary section it says as a major source of federal research and Development Funding in the science of innovation and active participants in the us system bnsf brings an invaluable perspective on the current stateoftheart in models of innovation, moreover the nfs is the only federal agency unconstrained by subject specific mission and thus is the natural partner for topic is broad is innovation. I really had not thought of it that way before that our strength is in our breath and that we can all areas of science engineering and we do so because you never know where the next great discovery is going to come from. The discovery in order to be at the root of innovation and innovation is nothing without all of our discoverers. Thank you to all who have been a part of this dialogue. Thank you to coc and now please help me welcome our group of speakers who will talk about the specific dialogue and their outcomes. The key very much. [applause] to discuss insight in finding from the reports transform ladies and gentlemen, please welcome the Council President and ceo Deborah Smith. The provost and vice chancellor for Academic Affairs in Washington University in st. Louis, doctor holden corporation and chancellor of University California riverside doctor kim wilcox. Thank you for your remarks in your leadership. We are thrilled that you are leading bnsf and all you do for our country in the world. Thank you so much. [applause] i think we will just jump right in to talk about some of the findings in excitement and energy that came out of the two dialogs that you both posted. Maybe we will start with chancellor wilcox because you went to uc riverside fairly new university and the Famous University system we were really focusing on the talent continuum and how to get more americans into the innovation tourney for our country and not only was everybody excited and thrilled about new models you are creating but i think took those learnings back into our own world and very much reflected in our report. Id like you to start wherever you want to tell us what is unique about your university. We purposely went to uc riverside because you are a new model and share with us some of the findings and where we should go from there. Thank you, debra. Thank you for making this a part of this. Let me give you context and purpose and meaning. I notice in the clarion call one of the top perceived technologies and advancement of fracturing we do and picked university as well and if you want to project a High School Students likelihood of success in college and had to choose one data point, what would you choose . You wouldnt choose high school gpa, you wouldnt choose sat score, act score, numbers of clubs in my school, you choose the families of code in the zip code is simply a proxy for family wealth. Your family is in the upper income of America Today your six times greater likelihood of graduating from college that someone equal abilities in the bottom of income. We cant afford to leave that much of america behind. If youre an africanamerican and you get into college you only have a 40 chance of graduating college. For riverside the lesson is about a lot of Program Changes things we do the real story is deliberateness. Decades ago our university was deliberate about recruiting students from across all sectors and helping them graduate, supporting them in ways that didnt make a difference. The impacts i think are starting to grow in America Today. We are starting to see that deliberateness in lots of places. Theres an American Talent Initiative that have the express purpose of helping students from low income families graduate. The doctor and i are a part of the alliance and we banded together three years ago the express purpose of increasing the number of graduates from college from lower income families and weve increased the number of graduates in our 11 universities bite 25 already in three years. Those are stories about deliberateness. Were not done yet. A place like this for the council is so crucial to combining the efforts of the academic world and the private world and i have a challenge or i guess a challenge for our corporate partners. If you go on the website most of the major fortune 500 countrie s and identify their key partners you will generally see the same list of schools. The one we think of as the elite universities in america and the elite universities are trying to catch the elite. Corporations and you dont see east carolina, you dont see unc greensboro, you dont see cleveland state, you dont see universities that really are embracing the diversity of America Today so were going to change the leadership and were going to really include all of america in the innovation of a coming we have to find collective ways to be delivered. My key lesson from riverside is deliberateness. Well, kim, thank you but what you also share with us what was the magic and what was the strategy that you all developed and deployed at riverside to get women and a huge number of the hispanic population moving through stem and into graduate school. We saw that and everyone was blown away by it actually. I talk about two key pieces. There are a lot of them but two key pieces. One is the simple motion that you can make a Big University small you cant make a Small University big. By that i mean weve taken our 23000 Student University and created a small living and learning communities for students who support them and you feel connected. For families and their student to college and no one in the family has been to college before. Theres a lot of desperate oh my goodness but in a small group you can find your way through it. The other piece of talk about is riverside in much of america we talk about leveling the Playing Field and this is sticking one student under a corner and riverside did it completely in a holistic way. We built the field in a way that all parts, the faculty, staff, student body, everyone is indebted and motivated by the same set of values and its ubiquitous. Each of our pieces fit together in a way that is whole but again thats deliberate. Turning to st. Louis the council had a very exciting activity Washington University in st. Louis soon after our National Innovation initiative was included in 2004 there were many challenges in the city and the region around entrepreneurship, startups, filling the ecosystem but now st. Louis has been named the startup capital and you got Tremendous Energy and momentum and results in driving this entrepreneurial culture that depends on Great University so share about that journey because again the entrepreneurship path washington you st. Louis is ahead in understanding your new models and what is going on in your region. Sure. Thank you for letting us host the event and its an honor to have you and doctor over there is a chance to put together a lot of celebration of the things weve done. I would second everything that was said about second education. I commend you in the clarion call to have a page five that i wish everyone could see that would give frederick that michael was talking about earlier that just shows how much better off people are they go to college and i think the council on competitiveness for helping us get that message out and doing all the things on access th