Now come to order. Without objection members of the full committee got on this task force are operas to participate. Members are reminded to keep their video function on at all times even when they are not denies by the chair. Members are also reminded that they are responsible for meeting and unmating themselves and to meet themselves after they are finished speaking. Each rose 965 only use members and witnesses is appropriate when not recognized to avoid in an ardent background noises. Members are reminded that all house rules related to order applies to this remote area. Exposure notification and Contact Tracing how ai helps localities reopened safely and researchers and i will now recognize myself for four minutes to give an opening statement. Good morning to todays hearing will focus on the essential tradeoff of the covid19 pandemic is forcing upon us between life liberty privacy and the pursuit of happiness. The role but technology to financial transaction data and Artificial Intelligence in particular may be able to play to improve that essential tradeoff. There will be a tradeoff. Americans have come to see privacy as an essential part of liberty and the. Off between privacy and statism are something that we struggle with continually on the Financial Services committee. Once only concerned for life in the pursuit of happiness and crushing the covid19 virus as quickly as possible one can imagine setting up a dystopian surveillance feed wherever it credit card purchase at every web search query and the exact location of every cell phone were continuously monitored and where and powered facial wreck ignition pattern would work toward ones every move not only when you are buying groceries at whole foods but everywhere you went. This would be an epidemiologist dream and would likely allow whatever country implemented that to very rapidly crush the coronavirus pandemic. Whenever someone tested positive for their credit card purchases their cell phone data and all their Financial Data and other data would be immediately analyzed. Some press reports indicate that korea and otherwise fairly free country finds credit card data to be a key component in effective Contact Tracing. This aggressive approach would allow Scientific Understanding of the spreading mechanisms as well. Ai learning mechanisms might learn you are much more likely to spread the disease if you buy three beers at the bar that if you bought only one. Cell phone location data would indicate that you are likely who you were likely to spread to. Such a pandemic surveillance they a Pandemic Service they will would correctly identify in realtime for example the super spreader individuals and churches and Sports Events were especially dangerous places to congregate the surveillance state like that without a medically warned black lives matter protesters to disperse and there are huge number of worries along those lines. This is all essentially, this is not science fiction. This is essentially the same technology that hong kong and the chinese mainland government is using to suppress protesters. Such surveillance societies might well save lives and maximize life and arguably even part of the pursuit of happiness but perhaps it would even maximize economic liberty by opening our economy sooner. This would come at a tremendous cost to individual privacy and liberty. A tradeoff that we make responding to covid19 have real financial and economic a recent study by Goldman Sachs quantified the tradeoff between mandatory masking policies which is unquestionably an infringement on personal liberty and Economic Growth rate they found them surprisingly that mandatory masking policies have a negative impact on the spread of covid19 but a positive impact on Economic Growth. This allow countries with mandatory masking policies to reopen their economy sooner while maintaining acceptable covid19 infection rates thereby successfully trading off a the loss of liberty for mandatory masking or an increase in economic liberty from early reopening. Contact tracing up together with ai that combines raw data cell phone tracking in various forms with other data sources including financial that might opt into on a voluntary basis and hence the potential to capture some of the health and economic edifice of much more intrusive monitoring all preserving acceptable levels of privacy for those who opt in. This hearing we have expert experience in the development of privacy preserving Contact Tracing software and studying the perils that may lurk in discrimination of technology. Look forward to hearing from our witnesses and will now recognize the Ranking Member for five minutes. Thank you mr. Chairman and a special thank you to our witnesses for being part of this hearing today. Today we will discuss how technology can assist the country with reopening. There many ways in which local state and federal governments as well as businesses schools and other organizations can take advantage of modern technology to help our communities get back to normal. One area where technology could be useful is in Contact Tracing. The manual method of public Contact Tracing of all speaking with people at the virus and identify people that they had close contact with during this time they had infections notifying people of erics pusher and referring them for t. A nation with about three to 30 Million People its difficult to do manual Contact Tracing on a large scale however theres Encouraging Technology that can enable Contact Tracing be done with cell phones and bluetooth and match them to the movement of others have been exposed to the virus in order for digital Contact Tracing to work it must have strong participation. Experts estimate of 40 to 60 of the population given area would need to participate in Contact Tracing system for it to be affected by this means in the United States where participation in Contact Tracing is voluntary and it should be and is handled primarily by state and local Public Health officials citizens will need to trust the apps they are using and feel confident their privacy will not be violated. In order to have that trust is critical that citizens understand what data will be collected and we will have access to the data and how the data will be used. So far rates of participation and support for Contact Tracing and unloaded at states and other parts of the world. Recent polling indicates about twothirds of americans would agree at the Contact Tracing app developed by the federal government. Some european entries where the government has released the Contact Tracing app less than 3 of the appalacian is using the app. Countries like china have increased perspiration by making Contact Tracing mandatory and have used social media platforms to track movements. Needless to say it should not happen in the United States. Given that privacy will be paramount a major factor in our ability for Contact Tracing is we do not have a federal consumer data log nor do we have a National DataSecurity Breach notification system. Contact tracing is operating under state law and the circumstances may only increase the need for that standard. Many republicans have been working diligently to develop a Consumer Data Privacy proposal without a national Consumer Data Privacy protection law. This issue is best left up to the state. Another limiting factor is the accuracy of digital Contact Tracing app and has been questionable and could result in false positives or false negatives for the cd stated in their guidelines if more data is needed to assess the true Public Health value of digital Contact Tracing. Contact traces as consumers to give their Social Security number or Bank Account Number which can subject people to fraud, subject consumers to fraud and further reduce the Publics Trust in Contact Tracing. Another challenge is low income and Homeless Individuals whove been disproportionately affected by the virus often did not have a smartphone which limits the effectiveness of digital Contact Tracing in those populations. While these are important topics to address they generally are not Financial Services conditions in its best to have these discussions with committees of jurisdiction for example the energy and Commerce Committee will have a hearing and 70s issues tomorrow. I look forward to talking more with you and i yield back. The chair will now recognize the chairwoman of the full committee for one minute. C thank you very much chairman foster. Thank you for holding this hearing and containing preventing the spread of the coronavirus is essential to while last weeks employment numbers demonstrated a slight rebound in the number of coronavirus cases is sharply increasing in states have halted Contact Tracing and limiting coronavirus is critical for all aspects including Financial Institutions that may bring workers back to the work waste wood i look forward to hearing our experts discuss howard official intelligence and other technologies can be used in an inclusive manner helping contain the coronavirus and ultimately keep people safe but i want to thank you and i yield back the balance of my time. Thank you and today we welcome the testimony of Brian Mcclendon. Previously he was Vice President and cofounder of google earth and street view and Vice President of uber. And doctors Krutika Kuppalli and Infectious Disease physician who has proves they worked on the front lines including the 2014 west africa Ebola Outbreak in the currency or see Ebola Outbreak and Novel Coronavirus outbreak. Andre carry curia fell at the metropolitan policy program of the Brookings Institute his research is focused on inequality and economic inclusion and since the onset of the covid19 pandemic the underlying causes of the outside number of coronavirus related deaths. And Ramesh Raskar a professor where he focuses on Machine Learning for health and sustainability and founder of the past Check Foundation of global nonprofit building Opensource Software and standards for digital Contact Tracing and exposure notification to stop covid19. Witnesses are minded to your oral testimony will be limited to five minutes. Chime will go back well go off at the end of your time do we asked that you respect the time of your witnesses. The witnesses statement will be made part of the Record Record and mr. Mcclendon you are recognized for five minutes to give an oral presentation. Sammy chairman foster Ranking Member loudermilk and members of task force my name is Brian Mcclendon and number regents professor at the university of kansas. We lead the team in georelated services. In my testimonial described how privacy disclosure and Data Collection impact their ability to identify located and isolate those who been exposed or infected by covid19. Cdc project as a father wednesday. Focus on helping america reopen responsibly given the ongoing pandemic and together with my team of engineers and Product Developers user data privacy built into the key out and we are focused on getting that adopted throughout the country day. Focus on individual symptom checking policy committee cage and across committees and Access Control at venues such as universities such as schools losers in the media bears a significant need to improve communication of policies if we hoped operated anywhere near normal in the next few months. Artificial intelligence and Machine Learning require large amounts of Data Collection. This data helps algorithms figure out how to make better predictions. The most valuable way to con combat covid19 is Contact Tracing. Early detection recording and td quarantine. You can shut down the spread of virus faster than any method but only if its resourced efficiently and well. Contact tracers most people dont pick up the numbers. What it does reach a potential case they have to make a decision about whether to the person the quarantine based on what they learned about the persons risk during that conversation. Without quick information from the infected or exposed the virus is quietly spreading through exposure as a way to use cell phone dated to detect afterthefact when they are near someone who tested positive for covid19 by notifying you you in a poor meal the next steps to be tested are quarantined to these new apps help with less effort more accuracy and more coverage than otherwise possible. There are two ways to do this. The first is using gps information permanent back to person relative to everyone else. Gps locations are now back or even out doors to ensure someone is within six weeks for 10 minutes with the other more serious palm with location data sick contains personally identifying operation that can be impossible or myth. If i can guess were some works in live i can figure out who that person is usually by pulling Additional Data from kirsch commercially available sources such as echo facts. It did not meet did not meet with success for multiple reasons for the biggest one was fear that big tech was tracking everyone in next gps locations has a material impact. Finally gurley implications without sufficient protections of data can be exposed and misused by the government. A better solution is to use Bluetooth Low Energy signals. It would still allow tracking but he could come to an agreement on the privacy equipment and was developed to work on android and ios. Countries helped agencies using this test. They werent delusional enough to assume its the solution to be adopted working with one group per stay. My team is building the app and he believes that Research Privacy better works better than the gps solution. The goal is to get as many people as possible to download the app of the challenges even if we get 40 uniform across the group we only have 16 of exposures detected so we need to find better ways to market the app. The privacy is a much better than gps because the data that essentially is uploaded in the rare case where you are infected set of random numbers that have no personally identify both identifiable applications. They notify their users without doing any work at all of them tell the user theyve been exposed and recommend they call the Contact Tracing team. These inbound calls make Contact Tracing more essential efficient i believe privacy is critical to marketing these apps and i think americans are worried about what these apps can do. Thank you for your time. Thank you and Krutika Kuppalli you are now recognized for five minutes. C thank you chairman foster Ranking Member loudermilk distinguised merris the task force for the opportunity to testify before you today by mr. Lay grateful for your commitment to these efforts in the United States is their attempt to control the deadly pandemic. Im in a texas disease physician by training and have extensive experience in Global Health and Health Security through my Clinical Research interests focus on strengthening and researching preparedness and Response Research and Clinical Care for emerging infections and health care policy. As the covid19 pandemic continues to spread across the United States i ho