The latest chapter on anomalies. These are problems that to be found reveal the consequences. To help illustrate the challenges took 2020 census accuracy i start with Research Conducted by diana elliott, steve and i to explore it 2020 census outcomes. This was precovid. We chose three risk scenarios and use Census Bureau research to simulate 2020 counts. The most optimistic scenario in the performance of the 2010 census which came in within 100th of a of its independent total population. When we overlay that performance onto a 2020 population projection we discovered there was an undercount of the population of 0. 3 . Stated differently had the pandemic never happened and the census went as well as it did in 2010 and undercount would occur. People of color historically edundercounted in our wonderful nation would become more racially b and ethnically divere in the past 10 years. While the 2010 census was accurate for the total u. S. Population became at the expense of fairness. In 2010 whites were over counted by 0. 8 conveniently making up for undercounted people of color for instance nonhispanic blacks undercounted at 0. 8 , and 1. 5 . Unfair to overcount one sector while undercounting another to achieve overall accuracy. It reinforces inequities in political representation, federal funding and economic and Public Health opportunities for the next three years. Why does this matter now . Consider the ongoing pandemic. We see high racial ethnic disparities in rates of job loss, hunger, housing instability and health. Daily life for people of color often focuses on just Meeting Basic Needs not completing census forms. That rings us to the basic quality, the self Response Response rate for that the self response occurs when you complete your own census form. Research shows that lower self Response Rates increase the risk of annette undercount. Our national 2020 self Response Rate was 66 , higher than that of 2010 but in innercity neighborhoods where blacks and other self Response Rates were drastically lower. 50 to 60 are under while in less than diverse urban areas they were altar high at the 70 to 80 rate. These disparities were more in 2020 than in 2010. People of color at highrisk of undercount. This is just one of minty many risk. Besides the overarching pandemic others included citizens to question, massive population movements scheduling disruptions, natural disasters and of course the shortened Data Processing pyramid. It each exposes each poses their own threat to census counting for the collection is done so what is next . We need transparency. The Census Bureau should release dated data to assess the quality of the counts by adopting the recommendations of the American Statistical Association and the Census Bureaus own Scientific Advisory committee. In closing i commend the Census Bureau career staff for their dedication scientific integrity to uphold the constitution. They are as steamed and should al allowed to do their jobs unfettered with all due diligence. Thank you again and i look forward to your questions. Thank you. Mr. Salvo you are now recognized, mr. Salvo. Good morning chair when chairwoman maloney members the committee. On behalf of the. 5 Million People in the city of new york i thank you for having me here today. Asas new york citys chief demographer my message today is twofold. One schedule the census must provide the sense of professional staff with enough time to dodo their jobs well and in accordance with the rigorous statistical standards we assess for the Census Bureau must be transparent by releasing key indicators and giving americans confident in the census. The census is then presented with challenges in the past. Fewer than those posed by the 2020 census. Of all the challenges we face the most pressing among many immigrants and their families. Combined with the devastating stpandemic. The challenge of overcoming since its hampered by the absence of physical on the ground outreach shown to encourage his spots especially especially in an effort to cope with these extraordinary ofcumstances secretary commerce and the Census Bureau leadership gave the schedule for the 2020 census last april but has provided more time for nonresponse followup ores demographers refer to it as the when census workers knock on doors in order to enumerate those who did not respond on their own. Unfortunately this provides a schedule this past summer abbreviating the time the bureau had in the field and the time to process the data on the backend. Why should we be concerned . First the very definition of residence was likely abandoned for many because of moves to the pandemic. Many persons who are not enumerated at the usual residents as of april of 2020 but in other locations for example in temporary locations with family members or friends were in second homes. For those whose usual residence was in new york city the Census Bureau needs time on the back and to adjust their residence as defined by the Census Bureau. It was supposed to be enumerated and pandemic is a virtual guarantee that largescale evocations of responses would occur. Using data on forms that sometimes lack important basic information such as a persons name was substantial time required for successful completion of the process. Second to increase response it allows respond and to write in their dresses without census idea. This is fine for those who ever it where none addresses linked to the Census Bureaus master address file but not for those who have interests or apartment numbers not formerly existing. The department of city planning work for more than two years identifying assigning them designators and giving them on the bureaus address but without a census i. D. They conducted additional work to match these irregular addresses to their master address file with less time in the field as a result of the schedule and its very likely many of these cases believed to be resolved by the bureau is part of that process in which as we all know has been truncated. Third, there is a serious concern about how the census in the midst of the pandemic achieved and 99 plus in new york city were self response over period of five months was less than 50 . The answer is that it does not necessarily mean it was enumerated by a household member but it could mean the enumerated determinate did not exist including the unit was deemed to be vacant or the case was resolved with the proxy c respondent Word Ministry of records such as where the final determination could be an outright rebuke or no determination was made before was an occupied land. [inaudible] moreover metrics need to be. How the census was completed for example the level of implications and how many needed to be reassigned. The census must provide Census Bureau professional process to a guyua with incorrect will be an increased volume of problems during the pandemic and second the Census Bureau must be transparent by releasing key indicators endorsed by the Census Quality indicators of the americanti statistical associatn for all of these metrics have to be provided for small geographic areas. Census tracts need the Building Blocks of new york citys neighborhoods but this will not only provide data use for the quality of the data but will allow the bureau to maintain its credibility as the nations premier statistical agency. Thank you and i look forward to questions. Thank you. Mr. Landry you are now recognized, mr. Landry. Senate thank you chairwoman maloney the Ranking Member komer and members of the oversight and reform committee. We would be productive today what for every member of the committee to stipulate that they are in full support of Legal Immigration. It would be a great place to start. If we could start frome that premise that all of the support Legal Immigration so we could proceed to deal with immigrants for whatever the circumstance are in this country illegally. From there we would move to what the definition of the citizen is because to have a nation we must have citizens. To be a citizen means to be pursued with all of the rights privileges and protections of that sovereignty like being eligible for the draft, serving in the military, standing on a jury, voting, contributing to Social Security and other safety net programs. Having the allegiance to our country. As the attorney general and citizen of this countryun i think i take special interest in this issue to this committee is aware that the constitution requires count of persons living in the states every 10 years for the purpose of representative reapportionment. It places the responsibility on congress by law. To that end Congress Gave the secretary of commerce broad discretion to determine the contents of each census. Similarly charged with reporting those results of the apportionment determinations to congress. An example of the secretarys broad discretion could be seen in apportionment of overseen servicemembers. Depending on several characteristics of their service they are counted either at their place of residence or their military installation. Foreign nationals, tourists and corporate entities are excluded from the count in apportionment even though they are technically persons under the law. These alterations come from policy directions of the secretary. They are consistent with the language of the constitution and the goal of promoting equality. They ensure an accurate census and if they are apportionment is allow requires. This was President Trump goal when interviewing his memorandum to the commerce secretary. The presence memorandum relies on the powers granted to the executive branch and by you all, by congress and the constitution. Its aims are simple, to restore equality in voting by excluding Illegal Immigrants from the reapportionment base. This is not difficult fix, certainly not as drastic as having another state. The receipts does not up upend the balance of power. We should always seek to ensure the balance of power and recognize and Illegal Immigrants present should not give wednesday power over voters in another state. Accounting legal immigrants in their apportionmentnt days incentivize the states to work against that system. And against each other. It Undermines Community safety in the rule of law. Those states and cities implementing these policies have seen increased power on the federal stage. Disenfranchising other states. Illegal immigrants are projected to grow in states like california, texas and new york while states like ohio, alabama and minnesota would lose congressional representation. To reiterate people unlawfully in this country are causing longstanding changes inlo our democracy by simply being counted. As the Supreme Court has recognized its more vital to the state and its representation in theta house. Allowing ilLegal Immigration to distort congressional apportionment works is that not just to those bound to lose states. Immigrants excluded from the apportionment otherwise they disenfranchise other states by unfairly distorting the apportionment in favor of states with higher concentrations of Illegal Immigrants. The t constitution demands that all votes he given equal weight. We cannot achieve that size balance until we adopt policies laid out by the president but i think they committee for your time and im t happy to answer y questions. [inaudible] [audio difficulties] thank you. We are having some connection issues with mr. Landrys presentation. He is wrapping up his presentation so i feel i now recognize myself for fivee minutes. I would like to begin by asking about the new internal document obtained by the committee. These documents describe 15 different problems career professionals at the Census Bureau have identified in nevada. Theyey also show the career staf of war and the Trump Administration that complete an acrid data will not be ready until late january or early february. As i explained earlier the Top Administration did not want us to see these documents but we were able to obtain them nevertheless. I understand that her witnesses have now had an opportunity to review these documents so id like to start with a simple question which i hope you can answer with a yes or no. If the administration disregards these data problems and rushes to submit data before these problems are fixed we do have a high level of confidence that the dock them as complete an acrid as required by the constitution. Mr. Salvo, yes or no . I cant hear him. No. C mr. Santos, yes or no . No. Not until they are fixed, no maam. Mr. Santos id like to ask about specific problem described in document one. Number one. Does this describthe data air that could result in skipping records are people who are counted in groups of orders such as College Dorms nursing facilities and military barracks . Career staff warned that this impacts more than 16,000 records and if not corrected quote m result in undercounted psons and quote. Mr. Sanchos wayzata probl to undercount people in group order what is this about . Group quarters represent individuals in situations like nursing homes, College Dorms, homeless shelters and the sort. Its important to count them because they are residents of Th United States and the constitution requires the Census Bureau to count individuals who are residents and with that its not surprising that the Census Bureau has encountered a problem with her were quarters since those enumeration was disrupted during the pandemic. I am not surprised at all that perhaps half of the list of problems that have been revealed thus far are related to reporters. Undercounting results in underrepresentation. It results in fewer federal fund allocation. It results in an inability to properly plan in urban and rural areas so we simply cant let that happen and i encouraged that the Census Bureau asth i sd be allowed to sort all of this out and to do the best job they can to come up with the most taccurate count. Nos jars salvo career officials identified another error affecting about 46,000 records from people who filled00 out paper questionnaires in nine states. The career staff wrote in a quote if this error is in corrected Demographic Data for persons will be missed and may impact the final calculation counts and quote. Mr. Salvo what could the impact be if the final Demographic Data are not accurate . My main point would be. Mr. Salvo. The Census Bureau in those documents talk about how maybe the problems they were discussing affected 7 10 of a of the population. The point you made is that is not evenly distributed over the geographic areas of the country. There are some areas that would be more greatly affected than others. Anything that compromises the content of the census will be felt more in some areas than in other areas and its important to note that. If i may chairwoman maloney can i comment on thatle please . The Census Bureau because of the schedule with an external review would be included in the census. They have truncated it greatly. The second is there some in this country with large numbers of gqs that define who they are and the distribution affects some areas much more than others. Its a question on content. We are very concerned that the truncation of schedule lets try to get those answers to a point where frankly we compromise the data itself and thats what the metrics the American Statistical Association tahas promoted. Thats what he gets that and thats not in the memo. Thats not in the memo. We need to go beyond the memo. The quality of the data is important. Thank you. Thank you. Melet me ask about the last page of document number one where it lists considerations and risks. The final bullet the career staff set forth a t stark warni. They explained they are working on a comprehensive patch is more than a dozen individual census to address all of these problems. But then they say this. The sequencing of past deployment isnt executed properly and it may result in other data anomalies and quote. In other words if they try to rush this it could aggravate the process and result in even more problems. Is that right . There are two different that we have and i think that are shared by the Census Bureau. One is the rushing as you meioned. These patches have duty put in placand they have to be tested and you have to see whetr or not they all works together. We are still talking about the first stage of the Data Processing. Their other stages that have to come before the apportionment data comes out. The borough is certainly going to be looking at that. Wenowwoo from history that they can expect there will be at additional anomalies that will show up there and expectation based on history is that they will be fewer and less significant but we are not certain off that. If theres something thats keeping the bureau up at night its the what is the second round if any of anomalies and will there b