It is essential we write a check to candidates. Cattrell when he was alive, god rest his soul, the white folks got together and said we want the you to run for mayor. Question. Her man andrews. How much training do Police Officers in your Community Service receive in how to assist those with Mental Health issues. We actually have a Great Program where Police Officers receive two days of training, relative to Mental Health. There is also a Mental Health court. We have a new unit that allows Police Officers to take people who they believe have mental problems to that issue. But one of the things that we have been very, very strong on is deescalation. Trying to get Police Officers to understand, yep, youve got the gun, yep, youve got the badge. That means you have the power and you dont have to use any of that. Real quick on that. Ive been going around encouraging Police Officers saying theyre going to be the peacekeepers. They need to endeavor to be the peace makers when it comes to a situation. They dont think like that. They think im going to make you do. No. Lets talk about making it peaceful so we can go home, everybody. Michael, final comment. In st. Louis, when you talked about mr. Powell, that was a problem we had. He had Mental Illness and was dead in 16 seconds. We have work to do in terms of training our departments, large and small. The City Department is a large one. Ferguson is small. And it definitely has to be done across this nation. Final comment. Its comprehensive. There are blueprints out there but it has to be communitydriven. Thats a role that not just the urban league resist, resist, resist. Organize, organize, organize. Pray, pray, pray. Closing comments. Fo folks if you felt a sense of urgency, its because im sick and tired of us having gatherings where we talk, discuss, but then we dont talk about real action plans. Heres what actually happened. If you look here, there were at least 15 to 20 different d distinct things you can do leaving here. Mark and his staff, they should take the ideas and email them to every one of you. Thats first. Then what they need to do is, allow you to decide as a chapter, what are you going to focus on and next year report on what you did. Because theres a waste of time to talk about what we need to work on and then dont come back with, you know what, we discussed it last year, we heard it and then implemented it so it has to be there. Ill be happy to come back to have a discussion on what you accomplished but not coming back to of a discussion on what we need to do. Freedom schools, the two of you all stand up, bro. Yall stand up, you can talk right now. Im only about us getting stuff much there is no time for talk its time for us to get the hell to work. Thanks a lot. The cspan cities tour visits literary and Historic Sites across the nation to hear from local historians, authors and Civic Leaders every weekend on cspan 2s book tv and cspan 3. With congress on its summer resees, 6 00 p. M. Today we head to waco, texas for a history of the texas rangers, the story of the branch davividian stand off. Today at 6 00 eastern. Tonight at 9 30 on cspan, Washington Post executive editor marty barron talks about threats to freedom of expression across the world, covering world events and the state of journalism. Early last year, russia authorities were given the power to block websites. By the summer of last year, speech on the internet was constrained even further. New rules required anyone with a daily online audience of 3,000 people to register with the oversite agency. Names and Contact Details were to be provided and bloggers would be held liable for anything deemed misinformation. Late last year, a new russian law required data about russian users be required within the country. That way russian would have easy access to information about the use of facebook, twitter, google and other services. The russian government already had an arsenal of laws it could use against those speaking frooe friefriel freely. Additional risks. Bloggers were more likely to muzzle themselves for fear of fines and criminal prosecution. Many of the rules are considered vague and confusing but ambiguity is a weapon in the hands of government and that is the case in russia today. In russia, Vladimir Putin has been master you feel in creating an atmosphere which n which there are no clear rules so intellectuals and artists stifle themselves in order to not run afall of vague laws and vaguer social pressure. This Dartmouth CollegeEvent FeaturesNew York Times washington editor elizabeth viewmiller. This forum airs tonight at 9 30 p. M. On cspan. Community activists and journalists look at the challenge of poverty, Gang Violence and drug addiction in low income communities and whats being done to address them. Congressman paul ryan, chair of the house ways and Means Committee and nfl hall of Famer Deion Sanders offer their views. Event cohosts, the center for neighborhood enterprise and the News Platform opportunity lives released a new documentary mini series called comeback, telling stories of individuals overcoming adversity in americas communities. Good. Lets get under way with our some of the folks here actually hold the title of phd. The mudslinging start, yes, indeed. Ive asked the pastor to stick around as comoderator of this panel. Right, hes used to adaptation here on the fly. But ill just quickly introduce the panel then were going to hear a little bit from glen how willery and ill explain that in a second. Professor lowery is professor of economics at brown university. The full bios are in your program so i wont go into it. And in his professor lowery was one of the first academics to really write thoughtfully about the programs that weve been discussing. As long ago as 20 years ago, 30 years ago in Public Interest and first things, magazines like that. Gerard robinson is resident fellow at aei, an education policy, hes been there for, what, six hours now . 6 10. 6 10, not that hes counting. Clarence paige is a syndicated columnist in with the Chicago Tribune and in 1989 was a won the pulitzer for commentary and mr. Paige has been a loyal fan of the grassroots approaches to the problems of the inner city and has written eloquently about the programs that are represented here in newspapers across the country. The editor of National Affairs magazine is a fellow at the ethics and Public Policy center and he, too, has written recently, i highly recommend an essay he wrote in the journal first things called the long way around . Taking the long way. Which is really an excellent summary of the principles behind these programs. Fred siegel is the senior fellow at the manhattan institute, most recently the author of a book called revolt against the masses but i think in the context of what weve been discussing, he is the author of a book written in the mid90s called the future once happened here talking about the experience of new york city and the decline of Civil Society in the face of some of the Government Programs and cultural changes that weve been talking about and of course, pastor soares you met before. Glen lowery, weve asked him to talk very briefly and i should add quickly since some of us hold this pitchh. D. Status, we an hour for all of souse were going to have a freeflowing conversation right after professor lowery talks a bit about these programs in the context of a fellow named james c. Scott which wrote this book seeing like a state which i think would be a very valuable book for anyone interested in these questions to read. Professor lowery . Thanks, its a pleasure to be here. That earlier panel today was quite inspiring to me and the celebrity and political leaders intervention was also quite inspiring, make me think something along these lines might happen. I want to make a point of observation. Yes, i have a ph. D. And im the alumnus of a Halfway House where i recovered from cocaine addiction 20 years ago and it changed my life. The man who ran that house was a christian dedicated community worker, he happened to have been white. Didnt bother me. And when he used the n word asking me what were you doing on the streets of boston like any n showing your ass, i could have walked out because i didnt know the answer to my question about that time. But enough about that. James scott a political scientist at yale, an academic and he writes big what itty tomes and this is one of them. In this book he reminds us of the failure of massive statesponsored public interventions like the collect i havization of soviet russias agriculture or the Mass Relocation of rural populations in the interest of somebodys plan, he points out how they failed. He then analyzes why they failed. Ive only got a few seconds. Bottom line is, some kinds of knowledge, which are necessary for big bureaucratic and state interventions lose track of other kinds of knowledge that are absolutely fundamental for solving problems. Systematic regularized bureaucratized knowledge of the kind you get when you undertake a census, for example, requires a leveling activity where you lose sight of the fine details and complex interconnections that make real communities work. Experts who would have their ideas applied broadly across many different venues dont have the local knowledge that they would need in order to be able to solve a problem in any particular venue. People working on the ground in such places whove seen their lives come full there do that v that knowledge. When the state acts, according to james scott, it pushes the latter kind of knowledge off the stage in the interest of making room for the former. Sometimes that can merely fail. Sometimes it leads to massive disasters in which millions of people lose their lives to famine, repression and so forth and so on. Its never a good idea. Thats james scotts argument in a nutshell and im just here to recapitulate it as your local ivy league professor. I want to say a couple more things on my own account if i may just very quickly. I made notes as i was listening. Its not just the poverty industry standing in the way of expanding this stuff. The ideological stakes here are huge. Were talking about labor capital relations, were talking about international trade. Were talking about how you run health care in this country. Were talking about the credibility of diametrically opposed philosophies or ideologies about how to govern ourselves. This business here is political. Im sorry. Inescapably, necessarily, that doesnt mean it has to be partisan and that doesnt mean it has to not get anywhere but to not see its political, to not see that the players here are not simply poor people, that to some degree the poor people and their poor communities are pawns in a larger game would be to make a big mistake. How do i know if its true. Ive already described that. Theres different kinds of knowledge so i wont dwell there. Spiritual battle. I pause because well, weve got reverend so and so, minister so and so, ministry so and so, everybody is talking about what god is doing. Its supposed to be secular here, right . Its supposed to be nonreligious. Its supposed to be states not going there. Supposed to be separation. But in fact to reach people it would appear you have to reach people in an idiom that doesnt work well with a neutrality or areligiosity. Now, im not trying to pick a fierkts i just want to understand the terrain were working from. I have a young man who could steal a candy bar and he doesnt steal it. One is because he reckons hell get caught and the price is too high. Another account is that im not a thief. Which one do you think will keep him on the straight and narrow . The constant monitoring of microincentives to make sure he knows the cost of violating the rule is too high or the incullication within him of a sense of who and whose he is so that he doesnt want to steal a candy bar because hes not a thief. It strikes me that were in this latter idiom here and thats important to say. Its important to say to the left and the right. Because you have reductionist materialist conceptions of human nature running rampant all across the political spectrum. Finally, the dignity battle, and ill subside. My communities and my people, there is no dont tell me theres not no there there. Dont make these communities and these people into the subjects of your charity. Dont smother them with the soft bigotry of low expectations. Treat them just like you would your own communities and your on people. If they neglect their children, call them on it. If they behave thuggishly, call them on it. Dont patronize me. Fantastic, thats a great segue into the question im going to throw out to you folks. You heard about this gap between the world that many of us live in as writers, asing a dem i cans and so forth and the world that youve just heard from. Our challenge today is to make some stabs at building bridges across the that gap or preparing the way to move some of what we heard, some of the wisdom that we heard into the world of Public Policy, how do we go about that . And just an historical note, bob said this is the first time in washington that this sort of thing has happened. Actually, bob was arranged one of the early versions of that at the American Enterprise institute in the mid70s at the beginning of what became the mediating structures project. Pet pet peter berger and Richard John Newhouse were who were academics at the same sat down with folks like the ones weve heard from today, also to listen. And bob was the run who arranged that exchange. Bob went on to be one of the first to write a theoretical account of the grassroots afloech a summons to life about the house of umoji in philadelphia. So what response to do we have to this gap . How can we as speak who are knowledgeable about Public Policy, about the larger world of public affairs, how can we begin to break the wisdom of the grassroots into the councils of public life . Anyone . Well, first of all, thank you for extending the honor to participate in todays panel. My takeaway is simple Education Matters. And when we hear education we assume it has to take place in a school building. What ive learned today is that education is ubiquitous. It takes place at home, in faithbased centers, in Halfway Houses. In parking lots. It takes place all over. I can tell you we have 14 sates where education is the number one line item in a governors budget. 27 its k 1212 and higher ed combined. We have money and we have money to invest. The question is what can we do as administrators to make sure that the investment were making is reaching the people it should meet. Sometimes we have to meet people where they are and not where we want them to meet us. My take away is Education Matters and i need to rethink how we deliver it better. Listening to this, ill stewart a confession, too. I have a ph. D. And i worked on capitol hill and worked for a president , ive committed all the since. [ laughter ] one thing that struck me, the question keeps arising, why dont people see this as working . Why dont people see it and send resource there is . I was left thinking about the great late student of the american constitution walter burns who asked why is there such hostility to the american system among intellectuals . He said the problem with the american system works great in practice but it would never work in theory. And [ laughter ] in a sense were looking at something similar. When you run into a situation like that you have to say whats wrong with the theory . Its not what we do enough. If we ask whats wrong with the theory we would find ourselves looking at a couple different of explanations. With stories like this and incredible people like the ones weve heard from today is something that people dont impolicety believe, that social capital can be built, not just destroyed. It can be gained not just spent. Not only when youre rearing june children but all the time, every time more than one person is together doing something theyre building norms. They can be destructive, constructive, for better or worse but theyre always Building Community and something. So much of our conversation about poverty is about what we are seeing destroyed, what we need to protect as if our entire stock of social capital was created at the beginning of time and our job is to nourish it, make sure we dont lose it. But were always doing stupid things, destroying our inheritance. At the same time, were always building new things. The question is what are we building . How are we building it . What will it let douse . Not nearly enough Public Policy thinks about the role government can play in creating the space for social capital like that to be built in a positive nourishing way. Too often we think about how to manage this process rather than how to nourish the circumstances that let it happen and were no good at it. This is not a left right division. This is easily the most bipartisan fact about social policy at the National Level is that everybody agrees about the wrong question and the question is how do we manage this problem so that we can so that it can be diminished. What were hearing today that a part of the question we have to ask is how do we nourish that space so people who want to sofl these problems and who exist at the level of the problem who are meeting it face to face hand in hand can have a chance, can have a shot and so i think that does require us not to think about scaling up in a usual w