Cable tv for about a week or two. It was pretty painful to live through that. And i think within a week or so dr. Bob iii decided that it did hurt the school and our Spiritual Ministry so he dropped the rule. I guess it was a few years later steven jones, the next president , apologized. I think in that apology he had the best rationale for it. In the end it wasnt about religious liberty. It was about i think im maybe paraphrasing but that we were too captive to our culture. I deally for christians and hopefully we take our faith very seriously and we want to transcenddeally for christians hopefully we take our faith very seriously and we want to transcend the world, especially what we consider to be evil in the world and we simply didnt transcend what we should have. South carolina today is in important in president ial elections because of the sequence in the primaries. Its the big one right after New Hampshire. You have iowa, New Hampshire, and then South Carolina. And those three states are different dem graphically and and culturally. South carolina perhaps the first place you can test your appeal to a southerngraphically and and culturally. South carolina perhaps the first place you can test your appeal to a southeographically and and culturally. South carolina perhaps the first place you can test your appeal to a southern audience, typically more conservative not just for republicans but for democrats, Democratic Candidates and how they appeal, for example, to africanamerican voters and there are greater numbers of those in the low country, in the charleston area. So hillary and sanders basically are looking at it, how sanders can be thinking how am i going to do with africanamericans. This is his first opportunity to gauge that. So its not just for republicans. But for other the other parties as well. Politicians come to places like bob jones because i think some consider us the old worn image of the bible belt and some have said were not just the bible belt. Were the buckle of the bible belt. And so if you get attention here. Thank you. It is good to be back among friends at Bob Jones University. Then it basically expands outward beyond just the campus itself. And theyre targeting the evangelical network vote which is pretty well organized. I think what people misunderstand, they think its more unified than it is. Its fractured like other groups. But they want to get their share of it, their percentage. And even if youre not identified specifically as an evangelical candidate, you can still get a percentage. You dont want them to be angry with you. So one way you do it is symbolically, you visit liberty or you visit bob jones. Candidates in this current president ial election cycle are returning i think, probably number one, dr. Petit wants it to happen, which is i think appropriate and wise. And number two, the candidates want to come back. They are willing to overcome any adverse reaction that there might be. But i think since 2000 we basically have theres been some sort of redemption, i hope, that he will be could be acceptable to president ial candidates visiting when they come. [ applause ] this weekend on American History tv on cspan3 saturday at 8 00 p. M. Eastern on lectures in history, American University professor aaron bell talks about privacy laws and federal surveillance of civil rights leaders. Heres the head of the operations, William Sullivan shortly after the march on washington in Martin Luther king jr. s famous i have a dream speech. We must mark king now if we have not before as the most dangerous negro in the future of this nation from the standpoint of communism, the negro and national security. Send former members of congress and vietnam war veterans reflect on Lessons Learned and ignored during the war. We learned the limits of military power during the vietnam war. We learned that as a society, as a culture, that you cant kill an idea with a bullet. American history tv this weekend only on cspan3. Monday night American History tv is in primetime with an Award Ceremony honoring hamilton playwright and author. And on thursday a look back at the cold war including a talk about the u. S. Armys special forces detachment in berlin and films from that era including the 1962 film the road to the wall. American history tv in primetime all week starting at 8 00 eastern on cspan3. Coming occupy American History tv, cspan cities korea focuses on religion. First well take you to the Oldest Baptist Church gregz congregation in the United States in Providence Rhode island and a christian sect in albany, new york. Roger williams was the founder of rhode island, the founder of providence and hes also the founder of the first Baptist Church in america. He was born in london around 1603. Were not exactly sure of which because his birth records were burned up in the great london fire of 1666. He became a chaplain for one of the chief puritan lords, lord nation. But because he was a puritan and the church was cracking down and putting people in jail, he fled from england. Arrived in at boston in february of 1631. Roger williams believed that the state had no role to play in religion. This is a radical idea. This is an absolutely radical idea of his time. Every country in europe had a state church and so did massachusetts and so did the plymouth colony. They all had their own statesupported churches, the taxes of the people paid for the ministers and for the buildings and you had to go to church or theyd come and get you and find you. Williams said the state has no role whatsoever to play in religion. Eventually, put on trial there and convicted of sedition and heresy. And was going to be shipped back to england where he probably would have died. So before they could execute that order, he fled through the winter around february of 1636 and walked down from what is today salem down to the head waters of the bay where he was taken in by his friends. And he spent the rest of the winter with them. The following summer, when he was in the area of plymouth and might be extradited to massachusetts, he crossed over the river into where we are now and was greeted by his friends. Hed gotten to know all these people and traded with them and unlike everyone else, he learned their languages. Hes followed down here by a number of his parishioners by the church in salem where he was the pastor when he was convicted. They organized a little town down here and in the organization, in the first organizational meetings, they agreed that they would abide by the majority rule of the heads of households. In civil matters only. So religion is not to be an issue for the government. And so they started a little town here. Its basically a farming, fishing village. Thats about all it is. Very small, small group of people. It has a few dozen within a year or so, i suppose. But still is a really small place. Providence, in fact, remains a fairly small place until the 18th century. Roger williams founded the first Baptist Church in 1638, and what really was distinguishing about this. He, after all, was an ordained minister. And for about a year before he began this Baptist Church, he had been Holding Services in his house several times a week. We know that from the record. Today, were in the Meeting House of the first Baptist Church in america. This is the third building this church has had. In fact, the church is 140 years older than this particular building. Although this building were in now itself was built about 240 years ago. A long time ago. But this is a remarkable building in itself. Were told this is the largest wooden building surviving from colonial america. There are bigger brick buildings, stone buildings, but no bigger wooden building than this particular one. And there was no baptist Meeting House that looked like this one before this one was built. Every baptist Meeting House before this, whether in america or england was a small place with no steeple, no bells, no frills, no nothing. But when this was built, it has a bell and a steeple, and it is quite a magnificent place. It is elegant and simple. It reflects the architecture of the 18th century, and it also reflects the architecture of the 17th century. When you look around, you see the english paladian architecture. With the fluted k08 columns, the window. All of these are examples of the architecture. But thats all superimposed over the 17th century plain new england house style. And that is characterized by no stain glass, by white walls, by the side doors. Now, the doors look funny now because there used to be an aisle that ran across from side to side. And a big center aisle. Thats how people came in those days, they wouldnt come in through the stairs, they would come in through the side doors. In order that there be no hint of an altar when they entered the place. And youll notice Something Else. And if you look around, you can see there are no religious symbols in here. There are no crosses. Thats because the baptists came from the puritan tradition and they did not use crosses at all. They regarded crosses as another form of idolatry. Roger williams would probably hate this building. First of all, the baptists, most of them did not have buildings until the end of the 17th century. So this church is founded in 1638, didnt have a building until 1700. And it was a tiny, tiny little building when it was built, very plain. It was not meant to show off any kind of vanity at all whereas this one does. This building that youre in now is meant to be a showoff building. It really is. Williams would not like it because it is big and elegant. Its got an organ in it. Which most of the puritans regarded as kind of a catholic instrument and somehow one of the instruments of the devil somehow. So he probably wouldnt like it at all. Hed be very much pleased by the fact that the church to this day holds true to his concepts of separation of church and state. But he wouldnt like the building, i think thats clear. Roger williams lived out his life here in rhode island. He died between january and march of 1683. And in all of those years, he had played many roles, but he had been the president of the colony, gotten its first charter. He went back over to england with john clark to save that charter. And he was on the Town Councils and so on and so on. He was involved, deeply involved in the political and Economic Affairs of rhode island from the day he got here until basically the day he died. Providence can be proud that it has one distinction. Its the first place in modern history where there was separation of church and state. First place we separated religion from citizenship. And thats what Roger Williams did. Now, we struggle on with that from that date to this. Its interesting to me that the bill of rights in the First Amendment has two clauses relating to religion and those two clauses embrace Roger Williams concept. There would be no establishment and thered be free exercise of religion. In some sense, thats what rhode island, providence and rhode island have contributed to the nation at large. So in a sense, what Roger Williams did here still echoes and still echoes in larger context of the United States of america. The Charles Carol house is significant because it is the birthplace of Charles Carroll of carrollton. He was own of the fore signers of the declaration of independence. He was the only Roman Catholic signer of the 54 men who signed that document. His family came here in 1706 and this was the place where they made their fortune. The story of how the carrolls came to america and their saga through 150 years in the early part of our nations history is a terrific story. They were immigrants like everybody who came to america. The first Charles Carroll here was known as Charles Carroll the settler. He comes over from ireland in 1688 and hes appointed as the attorney general for the colony. Unfortunately hes a catholic, the glor rous revelation of 1688 made catholics not the favorite people of the folks in power. So he loses his job pretty much as soon as he steps foot here in the new world. He comes here to annapolis in 1706 and starts to acquire property here one plot at a time and finally amasses a rather large holding here. His son, Charles Carroll of annapolis is so named because this is where he spent most of his life and this is the home he built. He starts to build this house in 1721, the year after his father dies. Its considered the largest home in annapolis at the time. It was a massive brick structure when most of the houses were built of wood. It was the first of the georgian mansions built here in annapolis in 1721. Charles carroll took the fortune his father started and expanded it. He was an early industrialist. Most people think of the fortunes in this period as being land and agriculture and certainly the carrolls had a lot of that. He was also a financeer. He was also an early investor in the baltimore ironworks and so was very interested in mercantile and that sort of thing. So hes here in this house in 1737 and the third Charles Carroll is born in september, known as Charles Carroll of carrollton. The carrollton comes from another large piece of agriculture property that his father gives him. Thats why hes known eventually as the signer. Annapolis they settled because it was the capital of the colony. This is where power was. The carrolls understood that and wanted to be part of the community here. Why they picked this particular plot of land is for two reasons. One is the water. In the early 18th Century Water was the most efficient way to move goods and people. It was way easier and more economical to move than by any kind of land, so they wanted waterfront property. The second thing is when this city was laid out in 1696, this was the side that had the market house, the Market Square and this is where all the prominent people lived was on this side. The evolution of this site is very interesting. When the first carroll bought the house there was a simple structure, probably 36 feet in length. It was the only structure we know of that was here at the time when he bought the first plot of land in 1706. He expands that and eventually moves there and is known as the settlers house. When he dies in 1720, his son Charles Carroll of annapolis, papa, builds this house. Its built as a two to three story brick structure, two from the street, three from the waterfront. The waterfront is the more imposing side and its where guests often arrived via water. Charlie was sent away first to flanders as it was known at the time and then to england because in the carrolls opinion it was the best education available. Their faith and education were intertwined. They couldnt imagine one without the other. It was incredibly important to papa to send his heir, his only child, to have a Roman Catholic education at the very best institutions, and that was in europe. So charlie was sent at the age of 11 and he does not return. So thats 1748 and he returns in 1765, i believe. Charlies education in europe was a classic education, latin and greek and finance and arithmetic and geometry and french and poetry and music. He was educated to be a gentleman of the first order in the 18th century. When charlie returns from europe, he moves into this house and takes his rightful place as his fathers heir and begins to work in the society in which he now is, in the annapolis society and in the political society. He marries his cousin, not the first love of his life, but she is a ward of his father and she is living here in the house. And they marry and have a fairly successful marriage, they have many children. He begins to take up the reins of his fathers fortune. When charlie comes home from europe, the colony is starting to move in a certain direction and there is tension and theres a loyalist contingent with the governor and theres the patriotic contingent. It is the arguments that charlie makes in a series of public letters. He is known as First Citizen and he is arguing that the governor has no right to, without legislative approval, impose taxes and fees upon the governed. And his antelon is his adversary. Who is arguing that the legislator let them expire and the governor is letting them do a good thing. Philosophical underpinnings of the Patriots Party here in annapolis. He attracts to him people like william and samuel chase and thomas stone, the other three signers of the declaration and eventually they did vote to have the delegation go to philadelphia and vote for the declaration of independence. After the declaration of independence is signed, carrollton becomes heavily involved in the revolution, but most of his involvement related to finance. That was what he brought to the table, so to speak. Because he was a wealthy man, because he understood what it took to finance a revolution, that was where most of his contributions came. After the revolution, hes voted as the first senator of the state of maryland, both for a state senator and the federal senator. He then has to leave. He then has to choose. The Maryland Assembly passes a law that you could not hold office in both the stat