Transcripts For CSPAN3 Lectures In History Presidential Camp

Medium and the public sphere. Force for and do a shout out to begin our classes weve done before. Can i have natalie ryan come up here please. Natalie and ryan, theyre gonna give you a shout out special shout out to start class. Why dont have a seat. Natalie a previously worked for npr. You are now working with a get off the boat organization. Which you told us about and we are really proud that you are supporting that democracy and doing social media. Ryan is in the process a building up to tell us how long the polling lines are. Which is just incredible so bring in again that democracy media in the public sphere. We need those apps my husband is in line right now. 70 minute wait areas. People are gonna need this app that ryan is creating. Do you both you get a hat. We have some different prizes today. Hes got a hat on the front says cspan 2020, but wait on the back says hashtag and filter. You each get a hat. We each get something that you clean screens and microfiber merry go. Thats right. Very handy, always need it a pen. Give them a hand. Thank you both thank you both for your work and promoters promoting democracy media and the public sphere. Which is why we are here today right . When we talk about political advertising in campaigns. It is from chapter 13 in your book there is much to discuss. So matt came to mind to me the journalist of course is something that was talked about was deep throats most famous line . Follow the Money Campaign advertising political ads and campaigns are very similar. Doctor pretzel start us off. We are gonna move on to the next slide. We can be looking at some history talking about the history of political ads and looking at both positive and negative ads. As we pull this up yes this is out of chapter 13 in your book. If you have this its great to be making references to few pages. Before we get started and know that oh early voting started tennessee most places around the country. Ive got my vote yall button on that you can get. If you havent gotten your tshirt, for the debate which is one week away, this everyone have one of these yet . Vote yall Beaumont University 2020 president ial debate. Make sure you grab one of those. We are just one week away from the debate and less than three weeks away from the election. These are exciting times for democracy media and the public sphere. Lets talk a little bit about some of the negative elements and how far back they go. People always talk about how negative politics are these days right . Dont worry, this is been going on since the dawn of time. Since the dawn of politics. Political advertising begins all the way back in the 1800s. When Thomas Jefferson and john adams. This is one of the best and weirdest lines you will ever hear Thomas Jefferson said that john adams had a hideous her micro decode character, which has neither the force and firmness of a man nor the gentleness and sensibility of a woman. Essentially he was saying he was a hermaphrodite, he was attacking his manliness. In response adams camp predicted that thomas is jeffersons would bring murder theyre going after each other pretty hard. Think about the negative campaigning today will see some has really at historic ads and current ads and youll see that a lot of these same things, it is the same things going all the way back to 1800 that weve been looking at in this country for over 200 years. Jefferson was called godless, adams was called a tyrant. Thats coming from page 400 in your book. Then this term called mudslinging have you heard that before . Its an interesting analogy for slinging mud. It sticks its 30. The First Campaign those called the mudslinging campaign was between Andrew Jackson and john adams. The opponents claim that jacksons mother was a prostitute he was orphaned the use that story to build up his character and to say that he was a common man that understood the pain that many people went through. Not only did his opponents say that his mother was a prostitute which is a huge blow if you already orphaned and dont have your mother, that cuts really deep. It also made harsh claims of his marriage so Rachel Donaldson we married here in nashville tennessee. They called him a big honest because she had previously been married. Technically its kind of a long story but short version is, she was technically not divorced. Intern, the jack sony instead of John Quincy Adams when John Quincy Adams as a foreign ambassador, he arranged for american women to provide Sexual Services to the russians are. Here in russia has been in our election for a very long time. I want to show you a few political cartoons. This is a cartoon a famous cartoon of Andrew Jackson thats called the political barbecue. This is the fire of public opinion, they have Andrew Jackson what does he look like . He looks like a pig right . And theyre doing this in a real interesting way. Hes happy big, hes half man even has the cloven hoof and tail which were a little bit of a knock on his character but also the idea that evil and religious arguments against Andrew Jackson. The cloven hoof as being a symbol of the devil. And he has political adversaries. There you see justice, shes blinded shes got the scales that shes poking the fire. When you see is Vice President candidate who wouldnt know who that county was . Van buren. Martin van buren. It was known as the little magician. Can you tell me which figure looks most like the little magician in that cartoon . Who is that . Who is the one that looks the most squirrelly. That top right . Yeah. Martin van buren and hes floating off hes also being representatives have pigment detail. Hes running off hes got the keys to the kingdom. It is a political ad one of the most famous is a great had to look at. Abraham lincoln. Abraham lincoln is so often seen as being americas most beloved and most important president but Abraham Lincoln also had a lot of detractors. And this ad in 1860, he splitting the south so that log a spot in the south which separates into the northern and southern democratic parties which allows them to win, and he splitting it. Its tough to see but if you look here, this where he splitting a says he replied it repressive will conflict. Its a claim if he is elected, hes going to be bringing you less supple con flicked. Which means a civil war which does happen. And the weird thing whats going on here the other weird thing that has to do with what lincoln is doing and what hes using anyone . He sitting on another person one of his adversary he sitting on another person. Two more things hes looking for. Hes using the head of one of his political adversaries as the acts. One more thing. Hes stepping on the constitution the next one. Theres an anti Grover Cleveland ad running in 1884. Grover cleveland had fathered a child out of wedlock. And so, they had this ad and then turned into a Campaign Slogan for his opponents, the slogan was mama wears my paw. Talking about Grover Cleveland abandoning the child are not claiming to be the father. We are going to mute the zooms please. That is the direction to mama where is my paw. For those of you watching is what happens when youre in a high flex mode. I would be prepared for the unpredictable. The claim was mama wears my paw. Clevelands gonna win the election, and unite his supporters and im saying back . He said hes gone to the white house ha. Thats like him getting the last laugh. That brings us to the last number to get you to advance the slide for me. Why are political cartoons so effective . The court tonight selfless originally a sketch for a large to work about this is gonna change in 1843 when british journalist and john lychee first used it to mean a caricature or a party. They reach wide audiences. It doesnt matter if youre formally educated, we are not educated, illiterate not later it, especially in the 18 forties where literacy rates were low. You also employ humor and satire. Not only appeal to white audience, they are understood by a white audience. Thomas now asked hes gonna take political curtains to the next level. Boss tweed was the main guy he took down, he said of thomas now ask i dont care so much let the papers right, my constituents cant read. Its the dam pictures. Even if you werent illiterates, the cartoons themselves had a very powerful message. The university of indiana exhibit about president ial campaigns in cartoon history from 1789 to 1976, and they have a couple of different arguments for why political cartoons are so successful. They say one is a vehicle for hostility, its an easy way to put out some opposition messaging against your candidate. The second is, they satisfy us as constituents because they take off and complex situations and reduce them to something that is very simple and easy to understand. And so with that, im going to turn it over to the professor who is going to talk about the new political cartoon, aka, the meme. How many of you have seen this meme and other variations . Everyone. Yes. How many of you have seen it in the political khartoum . A few of you. I am impressed. The meme takes all of those things, it is simple, easy to digest, it goes viral. How many of you have seen memes of the 2020 Campaign Cycle . Where do you see them . Instagram, twitter, facebook, tiktok. All of the above. This meme has become editorial cartoon, society, political memes. I do not need to explain much. But a first draft expert on misinformation and disinformation reminds us memes have been around since 1976. The formal definition of the term coined by biologist Richard Dawkins in 1976, is an idea or behavior that spreads person to person throughout a culture by propagating rapidly and changing over time. Now it is obviously the gifs we see online. They are the most effective and critical of society. How many of us laugh at memes . Theyre funny but they have sticking power. They stick with us. Even if we know they are humor, they are affecting us. Theyare a part of these campaigns. So they are powerful weapons of disinformation and misinformation as well, which we have talked a lot about in this class. A professor i studied with at clemson, one of my mentors, i told him, can you give me a quote on memes . I was talking to him yesterday. He said memes remain the king of disinformation. They are more powerful than other hightech campaign influencers like deepfakes. There are so cheap to produce you can get a lot of traction without a whole lot of work. He says thank you, twitter. That was from a Washington Post article and he said that part. So they are powerful campaign ads. That is what we are seeing now with memes and campaign ads. However, tv political ads remain very, very effective. Candidates can take a positive approach but more often they take a negative attack. Negative ads criticize the opposing candidates. They also can use that dramatic production quality. We have seen those grainy images. We see the big wide shots or closeups. They target the candidate. You will see the candidate talking. They are using their own words against them. They can vary in accuracy, deceptiveness, and they really do invite viewers to draw false inferences. As you are watching your campaign ads, how it if you had a negative ad you are studying . How many had a positive one . As you go forward we will see a little bit about that. Negative ads can succeed or fail. And there is a history to this. Were going to play issue few short clips here. 1958 is the first year you really see campaign ads, and im going to play a clip of two campaign ads. This is when eisenhower is running for president as a republican against adelaide stevenson in 1952. This is one of the very First Campaign ads you have heard a little bit of this before but i will play this ad for you. Ike for president. Ike for president. You like ike. I like ike. Everybody likes ike. We will take ike to washington. Get in step with ike. You like ike. I like ike. Everybody likes ike for president. music i will stop it right there but a dairy to get that song out of your head for the rest of the day. Its the repetition. That was 1952. Now im going to play for you the first negative ad and number one rated Weirdest Campaign ad. You had a senator from ohio named robert taft called bob taft, who ran in the republican primary against eisenhower. Eisenhower wins the primary. But they had a spat. Then they made up. Was taft going to support eisenhower . This is an ad by stephensons campaign saying bob taft is going to overpower eisenhower. And that they have this weird relationship. Im just not going to tell you more than that except for, get ready for some of the strangest voices you have ever heard. All right, bob. Ike. Bob. I am so glad we are friends again, bob. Yes, ike, we agree on everything. Lets never separate again, bob. Never again, ike. Bob. Ike. Bob. Ike. Will ike and bob live happily ever after . [laughter] that is the ad. Number one, you have to wonder who came up with that concept . Whose story mapping that, who is storyboarding that and taking this is a great concept . And lets make them sound like frogs . [laughter] my point with showing you that ad is that is the first negative ad on television, it is pretty tame. If anything, it is almost just because it is so strange. But stephenson trying to take down eisenhower and of course eisenhower is going to win in a landslide. If you look at that is one of the first major negative ads, that is called the ike and bob ad. It starts to set up negative advertising in the United States after that. We are going to start with the Jfk Assassination in the 60s nationwide unrest, Political Party realignment. Something on the previous slide, 25 percent of advertisements were negative in 1952. If you count ike and bob as one of those, that is pretty tame. By the early 1960s, you have nine in 10 households who have a television. This is where you see the first major jump. In 1964, 59 of ads are negative. A huge jump, in part because tv audiences are there. The technology to create Campaign Commercials begins to shift it is not just about doorknocking and going from town to town and shaking hands. It is communicating with audiences that go straight into their home, and it is visual now. It was beyond what the radio could do and what newspapers could do and what political cartoons can do. This is going to be, bring up, maybe the most famous or infamous ad that happens in 1964. It was called daisy girl. It was one of the most and remains one of the most studied campaign as. It was so controversial it was pulled quickly. It did not play for very long. This will be our first group and we are going to have them introduced and we have a prerecorded presentation and we will watch together. It is prerecorded so we put into our slides for you. Audrey bridget, sally and sierra, stand up. This presentation is brought to you by audrey, bridget, ellie, sally, and sierra. Do you have a few words to say about daisy girl, any quick thoughts and we will get into your slides now. Was it surprising . Was it super negative . Were you surprised it was pulled . As it was pretty intense. I was not surprised that it was pulled. Now we are going to have everyone watch this, you can all decide and discuss. This is the presentation by group one on d. C. Girl. Hello, everyone we are going to talk about johnsons 1964 political ad. One, 2, 3, four, five, six, seven, six, 6, 8, nine. 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, zero [blastoff] these are the stakes, to make a world in which all of gods children can live, to go into the garden. We must either love each other, or we must die. Vote for president johnson on november 3. Very funny. What was the message . That his republican opponents, barry goldwater, that if he was elected president he would end up starting a new color war. This was fear already present in the public eye that this add amplified it to greater extent. Is this style affective . The style was effective and this is a powerful ad effective in scaring the public and spreading fear of a nuclear war. The campaign ad saw to revolutionize the style in switching the focus onto emotional appeal. Johnson won by a landslide. You can see he won the state 44 to 6 in electoral votes 48652. The good and bad that came out of this ad. For johnsons party, the good thing is it secured the election for johnson and if you believe in his platform and helped avoid the nuclear warfare. On the negative side it did change political ads forever by adding an emotional element, notably fear, that we still see today and ushered in a new era of negative ads that was not prevalent then that we often see today. The truth lies in the fallacies. There is not really a direct quote or claims made in the video. But it is implied. The message is more vote johnson or you are going to die. The truth was no clear warfare was a real concern in the 1960s with the cold war and u. S. Soviet relations. But the statement that we must love each other or we must die or vote johnson and is definitely a lie exaggeration. This at played upon the black white policy. A vote for johnson is a clearcut life or death choice which is just not true. An indepth look at some of the fallacies using d. C. Girl, the first one is a false dilemma or false dichotomy. Kind of like what sarah was saying earlier, this just over simplifies your range of options. Johnson was giving the message that you either voted for him and spread love or america, the people of america, would die from the color or fair. Sorry, that was my fault. I was trying to turn up the volume. I will get you back. Hi, everyone, we will be talking about ,. , but because johnson used that in his ad, he was playing on the emotions of the American People, which ended up distracting them from the factual evidence behind the argument presented. The daisy ad was created by the doyle dane burbach at companies who are sponsor for most of johnsons ads during the 1964 campaign. The firm was recognized revolutionary, that had an impact on the marginal election even though easily read once. We made the standard adds the stilling information most likely already known by voters one more so on the emotional trigger which became the center of adds up into the president. So the second admirably comparing it to is one of Money Campaign<\/a> advertising political ads and campaigns are very similar. Doctor pretzel start us off. We are gonna move on to the next slide. We can be looking at some history talking about the history of political ads and looking at both positive and negative ads. As we pull this up yes this is out of chapter 13 in your book. If you have this its great to be making references to few pages. Before we get started and know that oh early voting started tennessee most places around the country. Ive got my vote yall button on that you can get. If you havent gotten your tshirt, for the debate which is one week away, this everyone have one of these yet . Vote yall Beaumont University<\/a> 2020 president ial debate. Make sure you grab one of those. We are just one week away from the debate and less than three weeks away from the election. These are exciting times for democracy media and the public sphere. Lets talk a little bit about some of the negative elements and how far back they go. People always talk about how negative politics are these days right . Dont worry, this is been going on since the dawn of time. Since the dawn of politics. Political advertising begins all the way back in the 1800s. When Thomas Jefferson<\/a> and john adams. This is one of the best and weirdest lines you will ever hear Thomas Jefferson<\/a> said that john adams had a hideous her micro decode character, which has neither the force and firmness of a man nor the gentleness and sensibility of a woman. Essentially he was saying he was a hermaphrodite, he was attacking his manliness. In response adams camp predicted that thomas is jeffersons would bring murder theyre going after each other pretty hard. Think about the negative campaigning today will see some has really at historic ads and current ads and youll see that a lot of these same things, it is the same things going all the way back to 1800 that weve been looking at in this country for over 200 years. Jefferson was called godless, adams was called a tyrant. Thats coming from page 400 in your book. Then this term called mudslinging have you heard that before . Its an interesting analogy for slinging mud. It sticks its 30. The First Campaign<\/a> those called the mudslinging campaign was between Andrew Jackson<\/a> and john adams. The opponents claim that jacksons mother was a prostitute he was orphaned the use that story to build up his character and to say that he was a common man that understood the pain that many people went through. Not only did his opponents say that his mother was a prostitute which is a huge blow if you already orphaned and dont have your mother, that cuts really deep. It also made harsh claims of his marriage so Rachel Donaldson<\/a> we married here in nashville tennessee. They called him a big honest because she had previously been married. Technically its kind of a long story but short version is, she was technically not divorced. Intern, the jack sony instead of John Quincy Adams<\/a> when John Quincy Adams<\/a> as a foreign ambassador, he arranged for american women to provide Sexual Services<\/a> to the russians are. Here in russia has been in our election for a very long time. I want to show you a few political cartoons. This is a cartoon a famous cartoon of Andrew Jackson<\/a> thats called the political barbecue. This is the fire of public opinion, they have Andrew Jackson<\/a> what does he look like . He looks like a pig right . And theyre doing this in a real interesting way. Hes happy big, hes half man even has the cloven hoof and tail which were a little bit of a knock on his character but also the idea that evil and religious arguments against Andrew Jackson<\/a>. The cloven hoof as being a symbol of the devil. And he has political adversaries. There you see justice, shes blinded shes got the scales that shes poking the fire. When you see is Vice President<\/a> candidate who wouldnt know who that county was . Van buren. Martin van buren. It was known as the little magician. Can you tell me which figure looks most like the little magician in that cartoon . Who is that . Who is the one that looks the most squirrelly. That top right . Yeah. Martin van buren and hes floating off hes also being representatives have pigment detail. Hes running off hes got the keys to the kingdom. It is a political ad one of the most famous is a great had to look at. Abraham lincoln. Abraham lincoln is so often seen as being americas most beloved and most important president but Abraham Lincoln<\/a> also had a lot of detractors. And this ad in 1860, he splitting the south so that log a spot in the south which separates into the northern and southern democratic parties which allows them to win, and he splitting it. Its tough to see but if you look here, this where he splitting a says he replied it repressive will conflict. Its a claim if he is elected, hes going to be bringing you less supple con flicked. Which means a civil war which does happen. And the weird thing whats going on here the other weird thing that has to do with what lincoln is doing and what hes using anyone . He sitting on another person one of his adversary he sitting on another person. Two more things hes looking for. Hes using the head of one of his political adversaries as the acts. One more thing. Hes stepping on the constitution the next one. Theres an anti Grover Cleveland<\/a> ad running in 1884. Grover cleveland had fathered a child out of wedlock. And so, they had this ad and then turned into a Campaign Slogan<\/a> for his opponents, the slogan was mama wears my paw. Talking about Grover Cleveland<\/a> abandoning the child are not claiming to be the father. We are going to mute the zooms please. That is the direction to mama where is my paw. For those of you watching is what happens when youre in a high flex mode. I would be prepared for the unpredictable. The claim was mama wears my paw. Clevelands gonna win the election, and unite his supporters and im saying back . He said hes gone to the white house ha. Thats like him getting the last laugh. That brings us to the last number to get you to advance the slide for me. Why are political cartoons so effective . The court tonight selfless originally a sketch for a large to work about this is gonna change in 1843 when british journalist and john lychee first used it to mean a caricature or a party. They reach wide audiences. It doesnt matter if youre formally educated, we are not educated, illiterate not later it, especially in the 18 forties where literacy rates were low. You also employ humor and satire. Not only appeal to white audience, they are understood by a white audience. Thomas now asked hes gonna take political curtains to the next level. Boss tweed was the main guy he took down, he said of thomas now ask i dont care so much let the papers right, my constituents cant read. Its the dam pictures. Even if you werent illiterates, the cartoons themselves had a very powerful message. The university of indiana exhibit about president ial campaigns in cartoon history from 1789 to 1976, and they have a couple of different arguments for why political cartoons are so successful. They say one is a vehicle for hostility, its an easy way to put out some opposition messaging against your candidate. The second is, they satisfy us as constituents because they take off and complex situations and reduce them to something that is very simple and easy to understand. And so with that, im going to turn it over to the professor who is going to talk about the new political cartoon, aka, the meme. How many of you have seen this meme and other variations . Everyone. Yes. How many of you have seen it in the political khartoum . A few of you. I am impressed. The meme takes all of those things, it is simple, easy to digest, it goes viral. How many of you have seen memes of the 2020 Campaign Cycle<\/a> . Where do you see them . Instagram, twitter, facebook, tiktok. All of the above. This meme has become editorial cartoon, society, political memes. I do not need to explain much. But a first draft expert on misinformation and disinformation reminds us memes have been around since 1976. The formal definition of the term coined by biologist Richard Dawkins<\/a> in 1976, is an idea or behavior that spreads person to person throughout a culture by propagating rapidly and changing over time. Now it is obviously the gifs we see online. They are the most effective and critical of society. How many of us laugh at memes . Theyre funny but they have sticking power. They stick with us. Even if we know they are humor, they are affecting us. Theyare a part of these campaigns. So they are powerful weapons of disinformation and misinformation as well, which we have talked a lot about in this class. A professor i studied with at clemson, one of my mentors, i told him, can you give me a quote on memes . I was talking to him yesterday. He said memes remain the king of disinformation. They are more powerful than other hightech campaign influencers like deepfakes. There are so cheap to produce you can get a lot of traction without a whole lot of work. He says thank you, twitter. That was from a Washington Post<\/a> article and he said that part. So they are powerful campaign ads. That is what we are seeing now with memes and campaign ads. However, tv political ads remain very, very effective. Candidates can take a positive approach but more often they take a negative attack. Negative ads criticize the opposing candidates. They also can use that dramatic production quality. We have seen those grainy images. We see the big wide shots or closeups. They target the candidate. You will see the candidate talking. They are using their own words against them. They can vary in accuracy, deceptiveness, and they really do invite viewers to draw false inferences. As you are watching your campaign ads, how it if you had a negative ad you are studying . How many had a positive one . As you go forward we will see a little bit about that. Negative ads can succeed or fail. And there is a history to this. Were going to play issue few short clips here. 1958 is the first year you really see campaign ads, and im going to play a clip of two campaign ads. This is when eisenhower is running for president as a republican against adelaide stevenson in 1952. This is one of the very First Campaign<\/a> ads you have heard a little bit of this before but i will play this ad for you. Ike for president. Ike for president. You like ike. I like ike. Everybody likes ike. We will take ike to washington. Get in step with ike. You like ike. I like ike. Everybody likes ike for president. music i will stop it right there but a dairy to get that song out of your head for the rest of the day. Its the repetition. That was 1952. Now im going to play for you the first negative ad and number one rated Weirdest Campaign<\/a> ad. You had a senator from ohio named robert taft called bob taft, who ran in the republican primary against eisenhower. Eisenhower wins the primary. But they had a spat. Then they made up. Was taft going to support eisenhower . This is an ad by stephensons campaign saying bob taft is going to overpower eisenhower. And that they have this weird relationship. Im just not going to tell you more than that except for, get ready for some of the strangest voices you have ever heard. All right, bob. Ike. Bob. I am so glad we are friends again, bob. Yes, ike, we agree on everything. Lets never separate again, bob. Never again, ike. Bob. Ike. Bob. Ike. Will ike and bob live happily ever after . [laughter] that is the ad. Number one, you have to wonder who came up with that concept . Whose story mapping that, who is storyboarding that and taking this is a great concept . And lets make them sound like frogs . [laughter] my point with showing you that ad is that is the first negative ad on television, it is pretty tame. If anything, it is almost just because it is so strange. But stephenson trying to take down eisenhower and of course eisenhower is going to win in a landslide. If you look at that is one of the first major negative ads, that is called the ike and bob ad. It starts to set up negative advertising in the United States<\/a> after that. We are going to start with the Jfk Assassination<\/a> in the 60s nationwide unrest, Political Party<\/a> realignment. Something on the previous slide, 25 percent of advertisements were negative in 1952. If you count ike and bob as one of those, that is pretty tame. By the early 1960s, you have nine in 10 households who have a television. This is where you see the first major jump. In 1964, 59 of ads are negative. A huge jump, in part because tv audiences are there. The technology to create Campaign Commercials<\/a> begins to shift it is not just about doorknocking and going from town to town and shaking hands. It is communicating with audiences that go straight into their home, and it is visual now. It was beyond what the radio could do and what newspapers could do and what political cartoons can do. This is going to be, bring up, maybe the most famous or infamous ad that happens in 1964. It was called daisy girl. It was one of the most and remains one of the most studied campaign as. It was so controversial it was pulled quickly. It did not play for very long. This will be our first group and we are going to have them introduced and we have a prerecorded presentation and we will watch together. It is prerecorded so we put into our slides for you. Audrey bridget, sally and sierra, stand up. This presentation is brought to you by audrey, bridget, ellie, sally, and sierra. Do you have a few words to say about daisy girl, any quick thoughts and we will get into your slides now. Was it surprising . Was it super negative . Were you surprised it was pulled . As it was pretty intense. I was not surprised that it was pulled. Now we are going to have everyone watch this, you can all decide and discuss. This is the presentation by group one on d. C. Girl. Hello, everyone we are going to talk about johnsons 1964 political ad. One, 2, 3, four, five, six, seven, six, 6, 8, nine. 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, zero [blastoff] these are the stakes, to make a world in which all of gods children can live, to go into the garden. We must either love each other, or we must die. Vote for president johnson on november 3. Very funny. What was the message . That his republican opponents, barry goldwater, that if he was elected president he would end up starting a new color war. This was fear already present in the public eye that this add amplified it to greater extent. Is this style affective . The style was effective and this is a powerful ad effective in scaring the public and spreading fear of a nuclear war. The campaign ad saw to revolutionize the style in switching the focus onto emotional appeal. Johnson won by a landslide. You can see he won the state 44 to 6 in electoral votes 48652. The good and bad that came out of this ad. For johnsons party, the good thing is it secured the election for johnson and if you believe in his platform and helped avoid the nuclear warfare. On the negative side it did change political ads forever by adding an emotional element, notably fear, that we still see today and ushered in a new era of negative ads that was not prevalent then that we often see today. The truth lies in the fallacies. There is not really a direct quote or claims made in the video. But it is implied. The message is more vote johnson or you are going to die. The truth was no clear warfare was a real concern in the 1960s with the cold war and u. S. Soviet relations. But the statement that we must love each other or we must die or vote johnson and is definitely a lie exaggeration. This at played upon the black white policy. A vote for johnson is a clearcut life or death choice which is just not true. An indepth look at some of the fallacies using d. C. Girl, the first one is a false dilemma or false dichotomy. Kind of like what sarah was saying earlier, this just over simplifies your range of options. Johnson was giving the message that you either voted for him and spread love or america, the people of america, would die from the color or fair. Sorry, that was my fault. I was trying to turn up the volume. I will get you back. Hi, everyone, we will be talking about ,. , but because johnson used that in his ad, he was playing on the emotions of the American People<\/a>, which ended up distracting them from the factual evidence behind the argument presented. The daisy ad was created by the doyle dane burbach at companies who are sponsor for most of johnsons ads during the 1964 campaign. The firm was recognized revolutionary, that had an impact on the marginal election even though easily read once. We made the standard adds the stilling information most likely already known by voters one more so on the emotional trigger which became the center of adds up into the president. So the second admirably comparing it to is one of Hillary Clintons<\/a> ads that was released in 2016. I spent many years as a Nuclear Missile<\/a> launch officer. If the president gave the order we had to launch the missiles. That would be it. I pretty that call would never come. Self control may be all that keeps these things from firing. I would bomb the out of them. I love war. It scares me to death it should scary one. Im Hillary Clinton<\/a> i approve this message. So we chose this ad because and basically has a very similar message to johnsons the zero had. That voting for the other opponent will result in nuclear war. Hillary clinton used bruce blur the former launch officer in south dakota to gain favor with the voters. A key difference here is the use of pathways receive those. He uses path of the young girl it played on the emotions and values of the American People<\/a>. He says to vote for him to that we can make a world where all gods children could live. Whereas clinton uses ethos and bruce blair. She doesnt have an emotional or a pity appeal quite like johnson did. But bruce blair is more of a figure that the American Public<\/a> can trust. Hes credible and experienced. He confirms the message that clinton is trying to say here. The similarities in the two are both ads use fearmongering about nuclear bombs. Youre trying to make people really afraid so they do vote for them. They want to put the American People<\/a> in a place where they have to make a decision. Either you live and choose either hillary or johnson, or you die and you vote for the other side. The difference in these two ads hillarys ad uses her opponents words against himself. She was clips of donald trump indifferent rallies and speeches against him. On by johnson who didnt outright attack his opponent. The fallacies in both of them are at home in him. A false dilemma which is presenting complex issues in terms of two inherently opposite sides which either you choose life or death with nuclear bombs. And the hasty generalization which is drying extensive conclusions based on inadequate evidence which is just like basically saying if you vote for this one person, they will be the reason the end of civilization occurs. A context about these ads is that people are really afraid of nuclear war they dont want to die. These politicians are using that fear to gain failure with the American People<\/a>. We hope you enjoyed our presentation and that is all. Lets give a big round of applause. I was great. I would prefer not to die also good call there sorry about the technical difficulties on that we put on my youtube page as well. Trying to work on the volume here that brings us to the 1970s, coming after the 1960s its not so tough its it meanwhile to put that together. 1970s or an extension in some ways but also several issues become more intent. Particularly when youre talking about watergate anytime about vietnam untie war protests. You really have both parties that are fighting to become the moral party. I also mention near Political Party<\/a> realignment. We talked about it earlier in the semester especially in the fifties sixties and seventies start to see that realignment. Johnsons election that they showed in 64 that was one of the last major landslide elections. You also have one of the reagan. The south israel lining politically, the Western North<\/a> and the democratic and republican parties are changing roles also. That is why you see in the seventies and eighties a lot of messy messaging. And both parties jockeying to be this moral party of the everyday american. We chose a very rarely seen at from gerald ford to show how each party is trying to establish this position in politics. Just to let you know does continue with Ronald Reagan<\/a>. We are not gonna played in this class, but maybe the most famous Ronald Reagan<\/a> at is called morning in america. Has anyone seen that had . A few people . If not after class watch it. Morning in america like everyone is getting up there raising the flag and going to work. Its a very causative had. Its reinforcing a lot of the values that reagan and the Republican Party<\/a> are embracing by the 19 eighties. In some ways it can that argument, we talk about law in order in this class and watching the documented the 13th and that being a part of it to. With that we want to go ahead and bring up group to which will be doing a live presentation. This is gaby jordan savannah and marissa. Its not the prices right but come on down. You can use the clicker if you want. Yeah. So it is gonna continue this conversation about political ads. We are first gonna look at a political ad by president ford on the 1976 election on thursday about a week ago, along with other men have the fate i was invited to visit with the president in the white house. And then our conversation with him, we asked him mister president if Playboy Magazine<\/a> were to ask you for an interview what would you do . And the president replied i was asked by Playboy Magazine<\/a> for an interview and i declined with them was an emphatic no and i like that. Okay great. So the point being made there obviously point being made there obviously is for declining to do an interview with Playboy Magazine<\/a> made him more of an honest and a man of integrity which is super important as this was happening post watergate. One of the big things candidates want to focus on is that they were honest good trustworthy man at the American People<\/a> can rely on i was one of the angles taken here. It was not effective enough because for actually did not win that election. However, it was impactful as he pioneered the moral majority which is a republican religious organization that highlighted the traditional views of the religious right. This campaign at utilized this to appeal to christen voters in the south. It was along with the teams that you were talking about. So there was obviously pros and cons to this had. Some pros are that southerners really appreciated the moral compass of ford. By declining this playboy offer that he got. Is jimmy carters campaign was hurt by the fact he did a playboy article. He also inspired the moral majority as well and rebirth the southern strategy which focused on that conservative ideal we are christians, we have sexual restraint wasnt just racial segregation like it happened in the past. Okay amid talk a little bit about the fallacies used and forwards ads. First one was hasty generalization which is when you take one little fact and use it to draw a whole conclusion. Pastor chris well statement is not enough evidence to promote and support that ford would be a good president because he did this one thing. Another fallacy used would be moral ambivalence thats like saying one action of somebody is just as bad as an action of someone else. Theyre directly attacking carter because he did do a playboy interview. Theyre trying to show that forward because he did not do it and that carter did do it hes doing something far more heinous than when he actually has done. And lastly anecdotal evidence. There is no actual real proof that ford was offered an interview by play born he declined it. This is all just anecdotal what ford had told chris well and what chris well decide to tell his whole church. All right were gonna play one more add more recent had i attended a private christian eye school. I was thought it was prince when we should live our neighbors as ourselves. White power. When he used forced to laugh in the park and laugh in front of st. Johns watch him gas protesters for a ridiculous photo op. The moment he opened held up that bible yield that the president is using. Us we have to resist loved whats going on now is wrong. And as a republican as a christian, we simply cannot allow this man to be reelected. Before we examine that were gonna look at where President Trump<\/a> currently stands with more religious christian voters. President trump and his Reelection Campaign<\/a> has set their plot winning over the christian perhaps more religious vote. Republicans are also revealing to voters that they have unfairly criticized the Supreme Court<\/a> judge in that add whats the message . And in 2016 election they self identified born again evangelical christians say they voted for President Trump<\/a> or 16 voted for clinton. During the 2016 election and in the current election, President Trump<\/a> has largely said during his campaign with attempting to win over the religious voter. In fact eric trump in his recent interviews said is that President Trump<\/a> literally saved christiana he. And added that the Democratic Party<\/a> the far left has become the party of atheist and they want to attack christianity. This ad is an attempt to sway away the republican voter perhaps more religious voter voting for President Trump<\/a>. Some current parallels that we are seeing a little more recently. Most recently in the election and they released one specific had it hasnt been released publicly blows shown to the Associated Press<\/a> earlier this week. According to the ap, one of the ads claims that President Trump<\/a> quotes used christianity for his own purposes and ads that christians voters dont need trump to save them. The truth is that trump needs christians to rescue his campaign. In this last add were seeing a parallel of christian voters being used and theyre being used for political gain and purposes rather than being practiced. So like marissa said these ads are really similar. They showcase the christian vote how these candidates really want to gain on to that christian gold. 70. 6 of people are christian. Again, huge part of the vote, if you get the christian vote, it seems like you are going to win. And then these ads differ because in his own beliefs or what we think our his own beliefs in an anecdotal way. In the playboy ad, he was part of the moral majority. However, trumps ad shows his lack of understanding of christian beliefs. Im sure they put that purposefully in there. It hinders him getting the vote for them are majority that ford setup. Some fallacies in both of the app adds, the second ad is showing that trump is not a real question because he does things that are not christlike. That does not necessarily give enough information to say he would be a bad president. Moral equivalence, the first one, i already mentioned that they are saying that carter is bad for doing the playboy interview and ford is good for doing the playboy interview. An anti trump ad says that because trump is faking being a christian, he is unfit for office, which is not necessarily correlated. Thats all we have. One thing interesting about the ford ad, is the fact that he was running against jimmy carter, who is known as being a very, a man of deep faith. A southern baptist. So it was interesting he did that playboy interview. If you look at the interview he did talk about his faith and it was an indepth interview. But because it was in playboy that was the controversy. I noticed the group put Rick Perlstein<\/a> who has a book about reagan conservatism and it talks about jimmy carter. I put that podcast in your syllabus to look over as additional listening or reading, to understand that story more. It breaks it down. That brings us to the 1980s. Here we are in the 19 eighties. You notice a similar theme in the title of some things going on. What is the word . War. Different kinds. You do see a lot of tension happening in the 1980s. Military, political, cultural. You have the culture wars, the war on drugs, the end of the cold war. As we set up in the slide and the group explained, the Republican Party<\/a> emerged as the moral majority in the 1980s as the nation fought over a host of culture war issues. The Political Party<\/a> realignment is in place by the 1980s. We may see Political Party<\/a> realignment right now. The tectonic plates they may be shifting under us as we speak. Over the last 40 years, the political alignment for states democratic or republican four states that are democratic or republican are set by the 1980s. For the south in the Democratic Party<\/a> in the 1930s and 1940s to the Republican Party<\/a> in the 1980s and 1990s. Many African Americans<\/a> are going to remain democratic. You do have people in the middle vote for both parties but that is the general realignment. You have a group known as the reagan democrats, many white workingclass men and women who lead to the landslide elections. Since johnson, reagan is the next one. In 1984, you have that morning in america commercial, a famous positive ad. We are not going to look at that in class, but i do encourage you to watch it. You have a very noticeable shift to negative ads in 1988, when George H Bush<\/a> is running against michael dukakis. I want to point out, and you have read this, from page 410414 in your book, it does a case study of the ad featured in this last presentation, known as the Willie Horton<\/a> ad. With that we will introduce the last group who has a prerecorded presentation. I will have you stand, caleb, rachel, hayden, and sidney. Lets go ahead and give them a hand. [applause] thank you, take a bow. Is there anything about this ad that surprised you or you found interesting . It is really short, 30 seconds. But it was still really impactful to the general publics perception of dukakis. 30 seconds of being uncomfortable. And the Willie Horton<\/a> ad is still referenced a lot. With that, you want to take it away . This is our analysis of campaign ads through history. We are going to talk about George H Bush<\/a> versus donald trump. This is by rachel, sidney, caleb and aiden. In 1988 the stage was set for one of the most bitter president ial elections. The candidates George H Dubya<\/a> bush versus Massachusetts Governor<\/a> michael dukakis. Dukakis had different views when it came to education, health care and housing. The Bush Campaign<\/a> said that while he supports the Death Penalty<\/a> governor dukakis opposes the Death Penalty<\/a> and he allows murderers to have weekend passes. The ad demonizes prison furloughs. A black man, Willie Horton<\/a>, escaped during his prison furlough, was used as the center of the ad. By using a black man on an ad about how bush was harsher on crime than his opponent, dukakis, this plays on the racist ideal that black americans are considered criminals and pushes a racist agenda. This release was considered a hail mary for the Bush Campaign<\/a> because ahead of the ads releasing, dukakis was leading bush by a large margin. After this, bush went on to win the presidency. The ad swayed voters. Here is the campaign ad that was so controversial. Bush and dukakis on crime. Bush supports the Death Penalty<\/a> for first degree murderers. Governor dukakis opposes the Death Penalty<\/a> and allowed murderers to have weekend passes from prison. One was Willie Horton<\/a> who murdered a boy stabbing him 19 times. Horton received 10 passes from prison. He fled, kidnapped a couple, stabbing the man and raping his girlfriend. Weekend prison passes, dukakis on crime. Now that we have seen the ad, lets take a look at the back story and context surrounding the time it was released. Willie horton was arrested with three men for the robbery of a gas station. One of the men stabbed a boy working at the time. No one admitted to the murder and pointed fingers at each other until detectives decided to blame horton. He denied it but was sentenced to life in prison. He was given 10 weekend passes and on the 10th he ran. In breaking into a young couples home he claimed he was innocent. He was tonight for the weekend passes. The interesting thing is that horton never went by will, the person who made the ad made that up, as for two caucus, he was the governor of massachusetts where he was convicted of robbery and murder. He opposed the Death Penalty<\/a> and promoted furlough programs to ease tensions and provide felons a gradual iteration back into society. The ad was funded and released by an independent group, not the official Bush Campaign<\/a>. Only ran for a month on cable networks, it did not get traction until later. It was replaced with a bush sponsored ad that had a similar feel since but did not feature the mug shot of horton of horton or mention him by name. The ad makes strong use of pathos. It takes advantage of the fear of Violent Crime<\/a> and the desire for safety. By striking fear into the American People<\/a>, bush was able to discredit dukakis at a race much trust but the public have for him even bush the edge and election. We see two fallacies here. First, the false dichotomy fallacy where two opposing options are presented as the only options were outcomes. In this case, the ad claims either the public elect dukakis will allow crime to run rampant, or they will elect bush who opposes weekend passes and promotes the Death Penalty<\/a> for firstdegree murders, allowing for a safer environment acrtoss the countrysecond, the slippery slope fallacy. With the horton ad we see the following progression. Dukakis opposes the death and supports weekend passes. Willie horton got a pass and assaults a couple. Therefore weekend passes are a cause of violence. Dukakis did support passes and horton did use his to commit Violent Crime<\/a>s. However not all prisons who use passes follow the example. These passes are typically awarded for good behavior. This ad credits widespread fear and anxiety about having a president who supported prison passes. As a result the turned the tide in bushs favor. This act was a low blow to his opponents campaign and went dukakis failed to respond for significant time, bush sealed his victory. This ad was released july 15, 2020, and was relatively unnoticed. However, august 2, 2020, vice present mike pence said in an interview, you will not be saved in joe bidens america, which is the name and idea behind the ad. His statement gained traction and the Trump Campaign<\/a> pushed the ad harder. This ad was a direct response to violent black lives matter protests. These were covered heavily by media in june and july, making it a perfect time for the Trump Campaign<\/a> to promote the ad. Was strikingly similar to the bush ad. They both place they both attempt to cause their audience to trust her candidate less. Specifically they both attempt to make the other candidate look incompetent and keeping this isnt safe. The ad was targeted at and we shall mostly do centrist and leftist to place distrust in joe biden. The video has a 4 1 just like to like ratio. It is important to keep in mind it is a clinical at and this is relatively common. Comments, this is what is happening in trumps america, not bidens america. Or something similarly negative. It is not to say this ad was not successful, any publicity can be good publicity. It has strength and weakness which we will point. Out first, im going to play the ad. The radical left wing agenda, take over cities, defund police, pressure towns to follow and joe biden stands with them. Cutting police funding, yes, absolutely, eliminating cash bail, criminals on the street, violent, exploding, innocent children shot. [chaotic sound track] who will be there to answer the call when your children arent safe . I am donald trump and i approved this message. Both of the ads use similar strategies. Bushes ad focused on the fear of letting criminals free from prison. Trumps ad focused on the black lives Matter Movement<\/a> and the riots. Both attempted to discredit the other attendant. While trump said gained traction amongst supporters, it has been unsuccessful discrediting joe biden and gaining traction outside of trumps supporters. Mainly because the scenarios are different. Bush was fighting to become a new president while trump is fighting to remain president which takes away from the fear of living in bidens america, because right now americas so divided under trumps presidency. Trumps advertisement used historically successful strategy that appealed to the public concern over safety. Regarding the black lives Matter Movement<\/a>, rioting, looting, and defunding police. However did not use a news source. The bush advertisement which brought shocking new information about dukakis. Trumps advertisement did not bring up anything new about joe biden, which is important when you are trying to make an advertisement that is against the opposing candidate. Public opinion on social issues are different right now. We are focusing americans on the black lives Matter Movement<\/a> because it is really important to stop the killings of black people by cops. Also political advertisements today are known to be the largest factor in influencing a persons vote it really is the small tidbits of information that we pick up during social media and maybe occasionally on the news. Really is advertisement was not successful in changing the viewers opinion about which candidate they are going to vote for. All right lets give a hand to group number three. How many of you after watching all of these ads are uncomfortable . Me too. They are negative right . There are some limitations to these ads. Why should we study these ads though . Why is it important to see them and try to understand the ads . Because it might try to manipulate its good to come from an objective perspective and breaking down that people might not consider and not let it take advantage of you or manipulate you. Yeah these are forms of the advertisements could be form as propaganda. Its the one side highly edited clips we saw that on both sides. Its both sides coming at like this in this way. Living group number three did such a great job with the social media aspect of it. Memes we talked about and other things are spreading. We dont know necessarily where its coming from. More to break down the pacs and super pacs because you guys broke brought that up. I was watching them to and they really are. This is been going on the history of these ads go back. Its not just this election cycle. You are all firsttime voters are all tuning in for the first time. But to know that this has a history going back to the fifties is important to understand. They may not change or affect partisan attitudes, but they may not reach the target audience we talked a bit about that. But they could also be to below the belt. They could be too nasty. Thats something we could see that could turn voters off. Do you think there is anything to do with voter turnout . As youre nodding a lot. You think people are just like explaining ones to talk about that a little bit . People can see when theyre below the belt ads as too messy. And there and say i dont want to get on this anymore. These politics seem a little too personal for me as a person to go vote out on it. But why should we vote . Why should we ignore that uncomfortable part of it . I think its a lot of theres the structures that are in place that are really a pressing so many peoples voices. And when we do have access to the polls we should be able to use that in the best way we can and a lot of those structures are just systemic. Theyre also the narratives that are used. And the candidates that are presented. Its that feeling of when you have your right to vote, its the feeling of why should i . Thats part of the tactics that are being used to sound people. Have you had your hand up to why should we go out and vote even if we feel a little disheartened after seeing things . At this point if we are talking about having a democracy and wanted democracy so bad, part of having a democracy is being able to make your voice heard. The only way to do that is to vote because im not sitting on the senate floor right now. I dont have that say my say is who i vote for to be that voice for me. There is a really good points anyone else on going out to the vote. I mentioned the beginning of the class the lines could be long its early voting that starting into started this week for us. I think thats encouraging no matter what side you are on im neutral im nonpartisan. But its encouraging to know people are using that voice. Despite the mudslinging, despite the negativity. People are coming out and thats why we vote right . Back to the ads the limits there could be two below the belt they could not really change the partisanship. But think it also rally that base. They can mobilize that base. People remember those negative ads. They can have a big influence. And some get more price attention some go viral these are ways these ads are used. In terms of how to correct the misconceptions, one ways to flood the zone. How many of you play sports . For the zone. Basically you just use more speech to come back a speech if you ignore the attacks sometimes that increases the credibility of the attacks. Ignoring it is not necessarily the answer. It just depends on the case and sometimes that could be a good one. Fact checking i always encourage Fact Checking<\/a> factchecker in which were gonna go over in a minute how you could fact checked as consumers of these ads. Its usually very good Fact Checking<\/a> is good with the news media is using it on an ad that maybe no one has seen before you are amplifying it maybe to the point where it would not have been seen as much. But now that you are talking about it a is gonna be seen more. You have to see if it has that reach. One thing social media does is shows us view counts. Maybe who is watching this and why the record needs to be corrected thats just one thing in media. Theres some Fact Checking<\/a> sites that if you take if you dana class me youve seen this is a things you can use and encourage you to use we talked about media and news media. We trust reliable sources, we trust journalists we can go to the New York Times<\/a> code of ethics there page and see how their standards and ethics we could trust that they are abiding by those ethics theres procedures in place theres editors every network i work that there was the same way. There are sources you should trust they have a fact check that we have talked about. Fact checked out or they can sometimes help with these ads but other things you are seeing that you want clarity on that last point is really important reliable and trusted journalists that abide by journalism codes of ethics we know the difference between a tabloid and a Real News Organization<\/a> that abides by the codes of ethics. Thats something to keep in mind as you look at these ads and as you navigating these waters in the Campaign Season<\/a> because they could be very confusing lets get to social media. This is advertising and the social dilemma what has happened as you can see up whatsapp in the past week that is made a lot of headlines on feet with facebook . Theyre stopping posting political ads on the election day. Why would they do that after the election . Whatever he talked about with mailin ballots if the election is close we might not have the result right away so what they are doing is stopping the advertisements now they said they are going to block tweets social media is stepping in and trying to combat this now yeah does anyone know what happened in 2016 what happened with advertisements on social media . How did it affect you remember the Cambridge Analytica<\/a> that something you all could look into that stemming from this. A lot of people are saying wiring they minded banning them now . Because they are very influential. Well get into that as well. Is there some of the headlines from the past week or facebook is going to boycott these after the election. We want to get into packs in the book it does a good job in 2016 approximately 2. 8 billion billion with a b was spent on tv political ads relying on news and social media that was free advertising President Trump<\/a> spent less than clinton in 2016. How did that work to his advantage . How are we playing so you have to use advertisements as much. These all is news clips everything said to the press he used it as free advertisement. Yeah so a rally would be taken live clinton was not doing as much it was not taken live there was a lot of criticism on the news media and if there was equal coverage that something that has been talked about as well this turn its very hard to make a comparison to 2016 because of the pandemic. We see a lot of rallies happening we have to town halls tonight debate on our campus the big thing i want to say is super pacs. They can raise as much money as they want. And they can raise it from corporations unions associations and they can use it for their political candidates. And that is different from a regular pack super pacs are prohibited from donating money directly to political candidates. As of october 7th 20 2250 groups have reported total receipts of 1. 4 billion and total independent expenditures of more than one billion in the 2020 cycle this is what super pacs they can make all of this money has outside groups to fund these ads. You saw one of those ads and says not endorsed but high endorse this message by the candidate that is a pack but a super pac is an outside group that can get a lot of this going. Imagine the negative ads that are out there right now due to the super pacs. That brings us to the conclusion really of our lecture. We have a couple more slides its summit coming every time i Start Talking<\/a> theres a dog barking. All right great conversation about the super pacs because thats something we will talk about more in the coming weeks and how the financial structure of an election has changed. As professor has mentioned that if they get into a whole new level want to show you a little bit of the difference here with 1960 about 20 Million Dollars<\/a> spent total is not counting for inflation. 1980 schools of 207,002,000 306 million and then the court case will change everything. That Citizens United<\/a> against the fcc. They enabled corporations through super pacs as long as theyre not directly coordinating with the campaign to get unlimited amounts of money. Its gonna give corporations a voice and politics and special interest. They are able to spend unlimited funds, this decision will complicate is a lot of controversy about this court case, you want to know what the total is, campaigns and super pacs piling and right now with this next. Election 10. 8 billion dollars. We went from smashing records, thats as of october the 1st 2020. So in the end, and this is the last slide here in the end of our lecture, we want to thank all of you for your participation and for the willingness to answer questions and present we want to thank the cspan and professor doug and i have enjoyed this experience. To wrap up this presentation in the end, president ial elections are about persuasion and persuasion is not equivalent to truth. So remember that as we go forth we have one more thing to give you as we do want to give you truth. As you exit you will each not just one or two of you but this time we are really oprah with the constitution. Are gonna make it rain so you get a constitution. Everyone gets a cspan constitution come get as you walk out the door of a great day, watch the debate vote so you. University james curry teaches a class or the creation of the Electoral College<\/a> and explains how it works as part of the president ial election process. Professor curry taught in class prior to this president ial debate which took place on october 7th on the university of utah. In that case i am going to share my screen arena Start Talking<\/a> about the Electoral College<\/a>, everybodys favorite thing. Today we are going to start our week of talking specifically about the Electoral College<\/a>, what it is, how it works, why it is important. 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