Century. An event that embodied justice over tyranny. I chose a letter that i hope and bodies those qualities. Number, germany, june 1st, 1946. Grace, my dearest, it is now about 9 pm. I am here with you. I prefer to pass my time with you, rather than reading or doing anything. You are so much on my mind at all times. I had a nice letter from judge wide thanking me for betray sent to him. He said he showed it to judge jennings, who showed interest but made no comment. White said this is the greatest trial in history, and while it seems long to me now, in a few years, i would look back on it with great satisfaction. By the way, be sure to read Walter Lippmans article in the ladies home journal for june. It is really a good thing, i think, and it gives you some idea of how important this proceeding is. There is a great satisfaction of doing ones job, particularly a job like this. It really is of great importance everyone. And as he says, sunday will be recognized as a great landmark in the struggle of mankind for peace. It is the highest calling of the legal profession, and i am already proud of my part in it. And because it is meant, it continues to mean, sacrifice and struggle, i feel even better about it. Thank you, dearest, share very much of the sacrifice and struggle. Youve made it possible for me to keep on over here. I will never do anything is worthwhile again. Nothing will ever be as important. Some day the boys will point to it, i hope, and be proud and inspired by it. Perhaps, they will be at the bar themselves, and perhaps they will invoke this precedent, and call upon the law will make here. That is reward enough for any lawyer. I feel that we are doing something so important, that it is awesome. It is almost purifying. It has a deep religious meeting meaning, and of that i feel certain. Surely it is gods wish them and not wage wars of aggression, the proof here is absolutely overwhelming. I would never have believed that meant could be so evil, so determined on a course of war, of murder, of slavery. Of dreadful tyranny. Never before, such a record has been written, and men will read it for 1000 years in amazement and wonder how it ever happened. Well, dearest, i have been talking to you for more than an hour, and it seems like only a few minutes. A good game of romney would just sit off the evening, and some cola and some smelly cheese. I suppose the children are growing, and i will notice great changes in them when i get home. Christopher boyle will be quite a citizen, he was only an infant when he left. It tickles me to read and have of hammering the refrigerator. A chip off the old block, i guess. How did caroline do in school is here . She is so bright and cute, i know she will do all right. Tom seems to have been quite a dancer. It will give him lots of poise and confidence. The tails of jeremy and his turtles and bully walks made me laugh. Marthas vaccination made my day. She is so sweet and it doesnt seem possible that she will be a school girl in the fall. And dearest, im in my 40th here, and you will be soon. Your baby days, i suppose, are now really numbered. And i guess we can hang up our family clothes and settle down to raising this grand crowd we have. The best years are ahead. Years of happiness, enjoyment, and comfort, with each other in the children. Just a little while now, and i will be back to start with you. This june night we are far apart, as distance, goes but never closer in our love and affection. Tom. [applause] [applause] is there any light, here . Do you have any light . You know . Well, all right. Ladies and gentlemen thank you very much for this opportunity to speak to you. And thank you, chris, kiosk that i expand my remarks today to include some of the actual events that transpired at nuremburg. Im trying to get a good light here so i can see this. Just as Robert Jackson, United States chief council, of the war criminals at the end of a norm chalkboard to, nuremburg. He thomas dodd with his executive trial counsel. I was a prosecutor throughout the trial and the only member of our staff president at the palace of justice. The night the defendants who had received death sentences were executed. My assignment, one that i arrived in september of 1945 from london, was because i had been an oasis. The defendant, who was ahead of the racist Purity Office and the gestapo. Oh thank you, that is so much nicer. I cant see very well, either. Anyway, we prosecuted organizations as well as defendants, at nuremburg. Even before the case began, i had the opportunity to interview a defendant. He had been captured by the british. They brought him down to nuremburg and they spent a few days talking to him. At the course of which he asked what he had done during the, water he was the head of something, and i asked him what he had done in he said well he had been the head of the rsha except in when you are 1941. I asked him what he did in that year and he said he was ahead of something else. At that time i knew something about this. So my next question to him was this, well, how many men, women, and children did you kill that year . And he said 90,000. That broke the case. As far as we were concerned, and after that we were able to establish by evidence that 2 Million People, innocent men, women, and children, mainly jewish, were murdered by this group, in the open field. Later on, i had the opportunity to interrogate, one of the heads of auschwitz concentration camp. It happened this way. We knew we would require evidence that hush votes was a terrible center, a concentration camps worse than the whole regime, but we couldnt find him. After we had actually rested our case, i received word from the british that they had pick them up, this man, near flemish bergh where he had been hiding out as a farmer. I asked british to bring him to nuremburg, where i might interrogate him. They did so and i spent three days simply talking to this individual across the table. And he described the atrocities in auschwitz. I asked him how many men, women, and children were murdered at auschwitz . And he said two and a half million. This startling evidence, was of course, moved to an affidavit which i had him sign. And it was the most striking piece of evidence that we had, in the whole case, as far as what we now call the holocaust is concerned. There was one difficulty which i discussed with john, and that was, we had already rested or cave. How are we going to get this piece of evidence into the record . The defendants were putting their case on us. As it just happened, the attorney from my other defendant, had called dismantle the stand, in a subtle defense. And because of that we were able to get this striking document into the record, the most significant single document on the holocaust at nuremburg. Enough of that. I shared a house with tom dodd, during a part of the trial, and we became great friends. Although, of course, we had the other associates. In his letter, june three, 1946, in this wonderful book compilation highrise, Whitney Harris had been away all weekend. He is a nice chap but not much company. He sings all the time. I am positive i was quiet at least part of the time. For he says in a later letter, whitney came into see me when he got home and we chatted for a while. And we went together on trips to vienna and back, without any complaint from tom, that i remember about. Excessive musical verbalizing. In any case, i am positive that i never sign in court. [laughs] this wonderful book is a compilation of these letters. I knew of course that he wrote letters to his wife every night, and that he summarized the events of the day. And this is a little bit dangerous when you stop and think, because conditions change. The defendant of today may harm you are may upset you tomorrow. But tom never had any worry about that. He wrote the truth and he rode it every night to his dear wife. One of the letters on hero, let me see if i can find it, i have them all mixed up. Let me speak now to the letter itself. He says the defense finished its final arguments on thursday afternoon, none of them very too much from one another. They were all quite abstract and rather filled with misty metaphysics. They did not discuss the evidence or the facts of the case, as we know it in america. Of course, there were hard put to make any decent arguments, for their clients. But i had expected something more than we got. Justice jackson started his speech friday morning, and he delivered it very well. I assume it was carefully printed in the press, particularly in the new york times. But if not, i will send you a complete copy of it, as i think it is worth reading. He has a great style, notable for its clarity and simplicity, and i might say that tom dodd had a great style, likewise. He manifested that style and many arguments which were crashing to the defendants. In my judgment, tom wrote his arguments, and they will take the place among the great arguments that have been made in great cases. He finished at noon time on friday, and then began his summary for the british. He was a very long and detailed argument, a very good one. But it did not have the brilliant literary value that one finds in jacksons speech. Shaw claus concluded on saturday, a little bit after 1 00. On monday the french will start arrive, and the russians will conclude. I expect about tuesday, the main final arguments in the case will be over. He said that last thursday night, i attended a dinner, given by the russian judges, Justice Jackson and a small group of americans where there. I was one of them. Not the russians, i was one of the americans. [laughs] they entertained very nicely with all kinds of vodka, and plenty of it. It is a very strange thing that they insist on trying to get everybody intoxicated. As an aside, they do this by your russian post on your right, proposing a toast quickly followed, by a light toast from your russian host on the left. Making it two to one. Well i quickly learned to bring in the Second Russian for the first toast. Thus leveling the field, and by the way, i outdid that i am i right. I remember they held him well. [laughs] there is a great time, that is a great month. So he goes on to say, oh my goodness, now that snow gun. This is better. Thank you, thank you. Oh no man blind eye. As i listen to the arguments of jackson, i was thinking this is tom. This is tom speaking. It is a significant, and i think its very significant. It was never in my mind, that all of the crimes which the nazis had committed, had been committed by the russians. And from when im here, may still be committed by the russians. The russians participation in this prosecution is the achilles heel of the great trial. Some day we may have to explain. Of course, times changes many things, and it may be that the russians themselves, by the rare participation here, will be more keen to realize the content. You will understand to that i have some refreshments on british conductor, not a long ago. When he talked to the nazis about destroying educational facilities in poland and forbidding anything, but the most elementary teaching of the exiled in types of fathers and mothers, and the destruction of cultural institutions. Of course, i thought about what happened in ireland, not too many years ago. But what happened in other british colonies, and one is probably still happening in india. This does not mean that they should not participate in this trial. I am glad that they have progressed far enough to denounce such measures. And i know, to, but our own skirts or not completely clean. But thank god they are cleaner than those of any other great nation. He said, tonight there is a party being given by Justice Jackson for all hands. I expect his nature of affair will go on, as he intends to get away for the day after tomorrow. Now, he concludes the letter, as always, grace, i am so anxious to see you, my dearest, i simply count the days until i have you in my arms. Lets see when i did with that. Excuse me for a moment. The last year, march, the 16th anniversary of the judgment of the International Military tribunal at number. The Whitney Harris institute of Washington School of law recognizes this historic judicial decision with a three Day Conference in st. Louis. There were two speakers at the closing banquet. I the president of the incident National Criminal court, today. And Christopher Dodd, the United States senator from connecticut. Senator dodd delivered a brilliant address, stressing the violent vital importance of the judgment, and the principles it had declared for the future of humanity. He assembled legal scholars and guests were enthralled by his grasp of the issues. And they applauded his statement that for 60 years a single word has best captured americas moral principles and commitment to justice, nuremburg. At the conclusion of the conference, i wrote a personal letter to senator dodd, from which i would like to share the following excerpts. They chris, this letter is first, to thank you for your appearance at the Whitney HarrisInstitute Dinner last saturday, and for your brilliant address. America is lucky to have chris dodd in the senate, to speak plainly up on the vital issue of maintaining the rule of law in the world. And americas inescapable responsibility for advancing the cause of peace. Your speech was truly brilliant and well received by an informed audience of legal scholars. The response to your remarks at the dinner, and subsequent if they are to, convinces me up two things. One, we must continue to strive for a world of peace under the rule of law. And to, senator Christopher Dodd must continue to lead america to that goal, with warm regards, cordially yours, whitney. [applause] good job. Except for the night. Thank you very much. Thank you. [applause] not bad for 95, honey . [applause] [laughs] i like young guys with white hair, ill tell you that. Whitney harris, where is anna, his lovely wife . And it, will you please stand up . [applause] there he goes, right over there. He knows where to sit down. Whitney, you are truly a gentleman, and what a great honor. Time after time he has come up and spoken. Wrote a wonderful book on your amber, years ago. Commenting on the events. Theyre and blessed and fortunate we all are that you still have that vibrancy and that voice in that commitment. This man was totally responsible for the prosecution of one of the worst offense that nuremburg. It would not have happened without this man. Great individual. Let me begin by thanking jonathan. Thank you and mentally its a truly great honor to be here, and when he asked me back, i had the wonderful honoring distinction years ago to give the commencement an address the lawsuit. And i enjoyed it immensely. In fact, i think the discussion was on the rule of law as well, and i was deeply honored to be invited. So how about a run of applause for giannulli, he is hosting us here this evening. Thank you immensely. [applause] let me also thank roxanne, our, jay juliet as well. Once again, one of the great book stores, advocate of independent bookstores in america. We need more of them. Thank you tonight for being a part of this. And we thank everyone very much, for the beautiful music. Very appropriate, as well. Im not gonna take a long time, and here, this evening. I want to think justin died, as well, and his cousins and others who are resigning some many passages earlier today. I am very honored that justin would be here this evening, as well, to participate, so thank you. For being here. Wonderful to be a part of this. And let me tell you, theres obviously a lot into this. I regret deeply that jackie never had a chance to meet my parents. They have been gone for almost 40 years. But the fact that this book exists, in no small measures, in do thanks to jackie for putting it all together and making it all happening. Mary bloom, where are you . This would not have happened without him as well. I share this jacket cover, he was invaluable and going through as a professional and editing letters, and making sure we never lost the essence of all this. This never wouldve happened. Never wouldve happened. I must tell you a quick story about this. I know we dont have a long time, and i always admired his work immensely. And i called larry and said i gotta sit down and talk to, you i have to show you something. I brought these letters from nuremburg to larry. And said, look, you and i are friends, we know each other well enough, here im gonna give you these letters to read. And if you read the menu conclude that they are nothing more than a wonderful airline, that not only you and your children or grandchildren will have the future years to read the letters from your father, grandfather, great grandfather, to their great grandmother. I wont be offended by that. If you think there is some value beyond that, have the courtesy to tell me so. But also the courtesy to tell me it may not have historical value. In larry said, i really cant do it right now, he said a very busy with another project. There is no rush. I said theres no rush, these letters have been around a long time. He took the letters in about 24 hours later i got a call. From larry bloom with a teasing voice as he said, soandso. I thought id read only a couple of these letters, and i have enough in 42 hours, i havent put them down. Its not only valuable in the sense of letters, but history needs to hear what this voice had to say. At this critical moment in history. So without larrys advice and counsel and urgency, this book would never have existed. So larry, in addition to everything he did in the process of, it i thank you for taking those two days out, and getting exhausted in the process, and reading the letters. Larry bloom, thank you. [applause] let me share a little bit about, this and then we will, stop i dont to ruin the book for you. I really dont know the slightest existed, thats when you are young child, the fifth of six children, you find things out late in the process. My older siblings everything forward of, this but i was. Not i sue my father spoke to my mother, but i had no idea he wrote to every single day, from nuremburg. Which was an event in and of itself. This book has three values to. Me one is for those of you who want to read the lost art of writing a letter, this will be a great source of enjoyment. And for those of you who have very loving relationships with another human being, be careful, do not show them this book. Because this sets a standard none of us is ever going to meet, when it comes to appreciating another human being. So on that level, this book is a joy just read. Here my fathers voice to my mother, deep affection that he had for him. And secondly, the book has value i suppose in a