Partnered with the foundation today to bring you this discussion. Camp david on august 18. We will do this and to be of parts. Colonel luc deckard from the pentagon. It will be an independent look. A colleague we will have time many of you watching online, submit your questions at any time. First, seth is the director of the office. A country director for national affairs. I will ask a question. If you bumped into a friend down the street and they asked you how it went, what would be your brief explanation . Thank you. It is a pleasure to be here with you. It is a pleasure being on this panel with you as well. I think there are three things that are the top line big things to take away. One of the most exciting moments of the press conference was when President Biden paraphrased his now famous line and was talking about the Affordable Care act. He said this is a big this is historic. It is a big deal. The reason it is a big deal is because of the leadership and the initiative has gone into this historic summit. It is easy for me to think about the effort and the way it works to bring it to pass. But i think it is very appropriate for us to acknowledge leadership and the courage and the way this came together was monumental. That is one important thing. The foreign minister level, the finance minister and so many others. I think that the most important are the annualized meetings. I think that is very important. It is my second top line. I am focused on myself and my team. I think there is a lot of very important deliverables that are in the summit and we will be working over the course of the next month and year, whether it is cyber or people, Economic Technology and deliverables. All of these things are important. Those are my top three takeaways. We have a lot of work to do. Mark you can what would you tell your friend . If i was talking to any of my friends, i would stay is at a turning point. There was not a plethora of new initiatives. Between the military, the defense sectors, what this does is it gives us the opportunity to do more. Particularly in exercises. I think now, we have an open door to increase the amount, level and scope of exercises that we do outside of just the maritime domain. There are other exercises that happen, but they are generally multilateral in nature. With this we have the opportunity to focus. We need to combine it into one. I would tell my friends that we are very we work very closely with japan, but what i have noticed is that south korea is at a turning point. I believe this trilateral is set to lead more so than it ever has in the past. Mark thank you. There is a lot of terminology. I have seen requisites for the camp david agreement. There was camp david principles. The second institution, we talk about the quad. We talked about the office but what do we call this thing . We need a good acronym. We have focused so much on the substance but we need to figure out. Beyond calling it a big deal, we do not have yet. There are generalists who will come up with a name for it, but the substance is very clear. How we described it may not be a bumper sticker, but one of the things that stands out to me is the way the very first to be of sentences began. He talked about the countries coming together. We do so at a time where there is an opportunity. It could be a challenge or trouble, that that is not what it said. Become together at a time on unpaid a time of unparalleled opportunity. When i think about camp david that this is the president s first use of camp david as a symbol of peace and opportunity. I think it fits very nicely with what we know about camp david. Do they have different status . I do not think they have different status. I think they serve different purposes. It has quite a lot of detail in it. Commitment to consult is quite short. One paragraph explains what it is and another describes what it is not. The spirit of camp david we talk more about the impact and the focus. I think each play an Important Role in explaining and demonstrating the intention of the summit. Each stands on its own as well. I think we have a suggestion box out side the cafeteria. The president talked about this being security pact. Is that an accurate way to describe it . When you hear a lot of the media, it makes it sound very similar, but it is far from that. It is a way for the organization to communicate closer with each other. A lot of those terms were used frequently with information sharing. I think that is what the media is saying when they talk about a security path. It is a form of communication. I think when the media explains it, it implies that japan might be willing to come to the defense of korea and vice versa. I think leanne just on the cooperate, communicate and consult level. Immense you mentioned we already have treaties. We do joint exercises. What would camp david add that is new to this . All three of those words were used in the press conference. We already have the treaties and although i believe this was a turning point in the relationship, it does not add much on top of what was already there, but it gives us an opportunity to act more. Speaking of domains, there is a lot of exercise, a lot of cooperation that happens, but not at the level it could have been in the past. With the summit meeting, we have a push for information sharing to increase even more. We have mechanisms to utilize that. We use them to share more information and discuss more at that level and through defense channels. I was alluding to it earlier. There are a lot of maritime exercises. This gives us the opportunity to increase those exercises into the land domain and space domain. Cybersecurity and Information Security as well, which is very important. To go to your question about the difference combined. It is difficult to explain sometimes. Multidomain is essentially all the domains integrated into each other, instead of taking a layered approach. They are focused on a layered approach and if you look at the other domains, they have been called a layered approach. They are all integrated in the same fight. A Task Commander is utilizing all of them. All the services are creating their own operations within the services as well. All these services fighting together or operating together, combined for multiple countries, operating together. To confuse you more, some countries like japan do not like to use the word combine, instead using the word joint. There can be some confusion there. Combined is something that we specifically use in the last to talk about multiple countries operating together. Im thinking about this in general. They were not doing exercises. Can you address a little bit the photo ops to show the flags flying together . . Military definitely needs to do exercises together. We need do exercises. Although it did appear that maybe we were not exercising together, there are always small exercises happening. The Ballistic Missile dissent exercises that happen have have been happening for years now. I do not think there was ever really a pause in those, even during covid times when exercises were having trouble. They continued quite successful. What is the significance of commitment to consult . The u. S. Consulted. Will a commitment to change what we actually do . I think the answer is yes and no. Im glad that you raised the most creative example because i think that is a quintessential example of the past and how we consulted with each other. I can tell you that whenever there is a north korean provocation, it is often times a matter of minutes when we engage our counterparts. It happens very quickly and it is very well organized. I think that our responses have been clear and easy to understand. I think that the commitment to consult is something that encompasses more. I think what you are going to see is a commitment to consult across multiple publications. We will consult trilateral he in an expeditious manner. That is not limited directly. It can mean a lot of things. Could it be natural or Cyber Attacks . How broad is it . It is not just limited to security issues. What we see is a commitment across the governments with the breadth of challenges that face us. That is what it is. But it is not is an abdication of authority making abilities. They will continue to make those decisions for themselves. We will get together and we will share information, relying on our institute and coordinating action. Is it just on the hotline . It is more than just a hotline. It is on the working level. The response that we coordinate happens at multiple levels. It is well organized. Talk about the reaction from other countries. Im surprised. I might have missed something. China has been very vigorous. It is appropriate to say that camp david summit is are you surprised by that reaction . I have known him for over a decade. I am not surprised. It reminds me of when lever at the dialogue in mongolia and there were a number of presentations, including one from kicker. Associated with state security. She had a presentation and she spent about 17 of those 20 minutes focused on a relationship and the last few minutes talking about the progress that was made and how the countries were coming together. And so, clearly they have been focused on this presummit as well and after the summit. I think that is the best response is that it is not in a cold war. It is not an opening shot. We have focused on managing our relationship in a constructive way. We have seen the special envoy and so on. At the highest levels, you see a commitment in a constructive way. At the same time, addressing very serious concerns that are destabilizing in the region. I think President Biden at the press conference said that it is not all about china. It is about that. It is about much more than that. After having spent the better part of the decade in china, i feel reluctant to try to get in their head and channel what they think about these things. I do not know whether they were evaluating stronger or less strong. I know that the summit was not meant as an attack or a direct drive. It was designed to create deeper and more constructive relationships. Thank you. Forces operate under a combined forces command. It is a complicated structure. Does involving japan further does it complicate an already complicated mechanism further . Militarily, what does japan have to offer . Incorporating japan into military planning is more important than ever right now. We do not have something with japan and i do not believe we will have one with the pen, but they are very distinctly Different Military ways of cooperating between the countries. I think, even when you look in korea, there are a lot of complications already associated. Korea has a desire to move all of the issues that have come with getting towards that goal. When you look at the perspective , modeling, any relationship with japan we should not do that. There will probably be something in between what we do now. We are very much in parallel with japan, but something in between would be very beneficial to us and japan. It is critically important to continue working with japan. If anything from an integrated perspective. Security cooperation does not have to be contingency planning. A lot of it is Campaign Planning and japan has a lot to offer. It is one of the ways that their selfdefense forces get into the strategy that comes out of their government. The last question you asked me, which was, what capabilities . Do you mean specifically about what japan has to add or vice versa . Both. Talk about it in a military sense. I think that is where the summit may have really increasing readiness, having the countries train together and learn how to operate, how to utilize their equipment, learn how the u. S. And japan operates, and that korea observed that. Vice versa, let japan observe how korea and the last works together. That will increase that military capability. There is a lot to be said with Security Cooperation and the Defense Industry. Both countries rely very heavily on the u. S. I would like to see both the countries pick up a greater amount on their own, and start providing, not only their own forces, but forces outside their countries with that Defense Industry capability. I know that japan is working on that. It would allow them to potentially export potential articles to other countries. If they can move forward with that, there is an opportunity for japan and korea enhance their capabilities. The Defense Industry is one of the sectors they would like to grow. Does the less welcome not . I think our Defense Industry would want them to use our Defense Industry. But from a partner perspective, i think the correct answer is, we want our closest allies to be able to produce their own defense capabilities. Of course, we can benefit from that. If a country finds ai, space or Something Like that. We may be able to reverse the way that we do our sir Security Cooperation. We can use those capabilities from another country and our own Defense Industry. Thank you. One of the most impressive aspects is institutional arrangements. Not just the free leaders to meet annually. One of the things you look at is how we commit time. Does that replace the bilateral work . It feels like it is all in addition to what we are doing. The trilateral relationship, as significant and important as it is and as historic as this summit is, it is not meant to replace the individual, bilateral relationships. It is between the u. S. And japan and u. S. And the republic of korea. This will augment that. There will be an additional level of work, but we are looking forward to it. It is not going to result in a shunting aside of bilateral relationships. It will only make them stronger. Back to the word security. There seems to be a dissolving line between security and economics. Is it still in terms of hardware and proper military . You cannot separate the two these days. They are all 100 integrated into the way that we are looking at the future and campaigns. Of course, space operations, we created a new space force and i know japan is getting more actively involved in space. The Defense Industry and ai and particular is still unknown right now. It poses such a potential threat to the u. S. And all three of our countries, many countries throughout the world. It is not integrated early on in the Defense Industry. The way that we operate, especially with our allies and partners we will be behind very quickly. Specifically with japan, i know that we are talking more and more about how they can, and i do not know if those decisions are happening with korea right now. They might be, but we are looking to our allies and partners to try to contribute to ai as a security initiative. Can you comment on that . Absolutely. If you look at korea and the way their industries are developingc vehicles, batteries, semiconductors, of course, they are the global leader, and ai and quantum computing, where they are making a right i think it is incredible strides. I think it is extremely important that the trilateral focuses on those economic areas. It will bring us closer together and make the countries more competitive. Like i said, it is not just about the security aspects of the relationship, it is much more than that, and this is one area where the economic them of the technological, cyber domains, those things are really right for additional cooperation between the countries. Mr. Tokola before i turned to audience questions, looking at the Jigsaw Puzzles of the agreements, theres not enough now. Korea and japan add to or detract from the others, how do they fit together, how do you work with all the and apap, the new aipac, the new relationship. How they fit together . Lt. Col. Deckard they fit together. [laughter] there is certainly some overlap. You do not want each of these things to be discreet, because then you end up having gaps between them. I think that, for example, you may be referring to the indo pacific dialogue, that is an ordained dialogue between the United States, japan, and the republic of korea that is focused on discrete, specific issues that some other dialogue dont. So that is still to be worked out in terms of we have a pretty good sense of exactly when and how and where we are going to do that, but im not prepared to make any specific announcement that this point. But all joking aside, they absolutely do fit together in a way that i think creates something that is bigger than the sum of their parts, and, you know, it is expansive but still very valuable. Mr. Tokola im going to ask you guys one more question. I said i would not, but i have to. We talk about security aspects. Do you think the economic parts have been underreported . Mr. Bailey yeah. I dont know about underreported, but the economic parts of it cannot be over emphasized. I think they are extremely valuable. I think of jake sullivan, when he was talking about this presser before the meetings began, he spoke about the moment before inertia, and i think that is applicable when we are talking about the economic relationship. Remember that this summer and the trilateral relationship, it did not just kind of happened now, it was not created in a vacuum. It is, in fact, built upon the work of others that have gone before, for years and decades, and that is true, especially the economic relationship, where have freetrade agreements, where we have business to business and people to people ties that are decades old. I thank the deliverables that are coming out of the summit, the technology deliverables, those things are taking into a new level that i think really should be focused on and on. I think the business communities are actually going to be quite pleased with. But it is probably being overshadowed a little bit by the security aspects, commitment to consult and those types of things. Mr. Tokola i think youre right about that, and i think agreements are sometimes not in the texts, sometimes universities or think tanks, industries, or maybe trilateral, just because they have seen them together. Mr. Bailey yeah. Mr. Tokola ok, let me turn to audience questions. Lets start right to left. When i listen to this, i go back in time, the 1960s, we have the tonkin gulf resolution, telling people you are going to go up against the mighty United States if you do anything. Itd not work too well, did it . Now i look at the treaty res