uncivilized as the romans believed. >> anthony: they've all been here. the celts, the romans, mongols, the ottoman turks, all had their way or tried. all left their mark to one extent or another. ♪ then, mid-nineteenth, century the curious seemingly improbable austro-hungarian empire. this is when the city came into its own fueled by untold wealth, accumulated power, and ambition. architecturally, intellectually, a great city. one of the world's greatest. >> peter: and that was a time when budapest was a really progressive metropolis. you know like, the first subway in the continent of europe was in budapest. parliament had, like, a very sophisticated air conditioning system so people wanted to come here, wanted to live here,