Exclusive. Must see concerning. Your own. Place to be for curious minds. Do it yourself networkers. Subscribe and dont miss out. On. A setback in the battle against the coronavirus cases of reinfection are emerging in hong kong the United States and europe. They suggest immunity from the disease does not necessarily last long. The World Health Organization is calling for more studies. Concrete answers a vital in developing a vaccine that is if we ever get one. So much. Herd immunity or full immunity and what about Natural Immunity so many questions which well get to in a moment with an expert 1st the worlds 1st genetically verified case of someone being reinfected with covered 19 and what that could mean for the pandemic as the coronavirus pandemic took hold scientists knew a vaccine would be the best protection against the virus but there was still the hope that those recovering from infections would be immune as is the case with viruses like smallpox or polio when a 33 year old man in hong kong tested positive for a 2nd time those hopes were ruined. Some people might ask will you be immune to the virus forever after you recover there wasnt a clear answer before but now its certain after your 1st infection theres always a chance youll get infected again. In their Research Paper the team at the university of hong kong says the 2nd infection was a different strain of the virus and that the patient was asymptomatic the study examines how often people whove had covered 19 are immune to new infections and for how long these questions have implications for Vaccine Development and decisions about returning to work school and social activities as many countries in europe and around the world went into lockdown to slow the spread sweetened wind against the tide opting not to confine its population schools and restaurants remained open in the hope that infected people would become immune thus allowing them to continue their lives as normal and ultimately slowing the spread of the virus. I think. Taking a big responsibility. If. We can be. Swedens infection rate and deaths per 1000000 were soon among the worst in europe. And yet testing showed the country still fell a long way short of the estimated 90 percent which would create herd immunity nor is the rest of the world anyway close to that. The w. H. O. Says that until the world has readily available vaccines the virus will continue to inflict significant changes on our lives. As a plan was also global population were close to levels of immunity required to stop. And we need to focus on what we can actually do not to suppress transmission and not live in whole herd immunity been our salvation right now is not a solution d its not a solution we should be looking to. And the immunity picture is looking increasingly complicated in the southern german town of blood found by a study by germanys robert cock institute found that 40 percent of participants who had tested positive for the corona virus before the study began no longer had immune aglow binjie anybodies the most common type of antibody in our house and on studion is the can we know from other studies that a proportion of people proven to have been infected with sars cave to show no antibodies after a certain amount of time but this doesnt necessarily mean they dont have immunity to. It in the 2 cups ass caused by the state the robert cock institute is now conducting several regional studies and plans to start a countrywide antibody study at the end of september. As researchers toil to bring vaccines to the world questions are looming about whether its feasible to create a vaccine that would actually work for a lifetime. Well lets go over to thomas com hes director of the institute for immunology enough for us what are the chances of getting reinfected. The chances to be real but slim there are several case reports from Different Countries on people who have recovered from cope 19 and then fell sick again this is series of 8 patients from china and similar reports from hong kong and some European Countries so it seems to be possible but youre saying raf. What about other cases that havent been uncovered and more studies that have to be done according to the World Health Organization i mean could this be the tip of the us but. Probably not because from we know a little bit about the immunity against kuwait 19 man how people usually develop antibody responses which are protective people usually responses fight those which are protective but we do know that in some people these responses may be showed live so that would be a possibility to explain the fact that some people can become very infected after well most people should have protective immunity for some time after the infection was cool with 1000 reservists who have to but what about full i mean are they i mean does that exist when it comes to code 19. What do you mean by full immunity lead once infected you can never get infected again in your life is that what you mean exactly well thats true thats true really to say because we only know this infections its a little bit more than half a year so thus far the vast majority of the symptomatic patients and the asymptomatic that have been investigated have not fallen sick again but we do not know if the immunity against the virus will last for year or for 2 years or for many Years Experience from other coronaviruses including disaster or one of our shows that the immune response is when enough to sometimes so for doris. Immune responses antibody responses were no longer detectable after 6 years in most of the people so we do not expect lifelong immunity after an episode of covert 19 probably. And of a question what about developing vaccines or drugs to treat a coded infection doesnt doesnt success depends on knowing exactly how immunity against the disease works well have off me developed quite empirically and theres a lot of fake scenes promising rick scenes in the pipeline we do know a little on protective immunity youre absolutely right we need to know much more but thus far it seems that the wreck scenes that have been tested are and using the right responses and probably or possibly we will have to be content with less than the normal circs says so maybe a vaccine would not induce a lifelong immunity or not induce an immunity that lasts for 10 years or so but even if it lasted for 2 or 3 years this ng would be a Great Success and even if it would just prevent the cv year clinical choruses if it would switch to clinical a severe clinical course to a mild infection acing that would be a huge success already given the Current Situation so could it meaning getting immunized getting if like a flu shot every year basically we dont know if it would be every year every other year or every so years or so but that could be the case it would be slightly different from flu because flu you need a new show every year because the virus changes so rapidly that does not seem to be the case was a growing of ours and there was a scarf to if one would have to immunize more frequently it would probably be cause the immune response of memory wanes against. The virus and therefore needs to be refreshed that thats a possibility that needs to be explored to us come out there from the institute for immunity in a thank you very much. Thank you very much of a nicely. For a look at some other aspects concerning the coronavirus its over to our science correspondent Derrick Williams with your questions. Weve heard about the underlying diseases and conditions that can influence the severity of coded 19 outcomes but does viral load also affect some verity. When i began looking into this i quickly realized that there is still no clear answer to this question partly because the amount of virus in a patients body changes from day to day as the disease progresses we know from other diseases that that high viral loads are linked to infectiousness but do they also affect disease severity in covert 19 well the information coming out of the studies this kind of conflict in a recent fairly large scale one for example found a clear link between mortality and high viral load in hospitalized patients and even suggested it could be used as a tool for stratifying patient risk but other studies that have measured viral loads in for example children who had very mild forms of the disease found they were generally carrying even more virus than adults who develop severe forms of the disease and then there are the studies showing that that asymptomatic or precint a matic adults can also have very heavy viral loads so so after hours of reading this is how i would interpret the data because kids and asymptomatic adults can have lots of sars cove 2 in their bodies but no symptoms a high viral loads dont seem to be a reliable indicator of disease severity and. So you land in the hospital with a severe case at that point it does become an indicator of outcome severe what we still dont know is whether high viral load is actually causing that is eased to get worse for those patients in the hospital or if its an effect but at least in those who are hospitalized or associated in some way. Well over 38000 people turned out to protest against germanys coronavirus measures on the weekend there were multiple arrests after clashes with police they say right wing extremists co want to demonstration of 1000 people have died from the virus in germany still protesters believe the danger is overblown. Personally i dont believe that theres a pandemic i do think the disease exists but not a pandemic kind of thats the lead definitely on form and recording to the new definition of a pandemic its a pandemic. But that has to do with how much it spread and not with how dangerous it is. Finally medical staff are among those most at risk of getting the coronavirus but a hospital in mexico city has taken on a new employee with complete immunity to cover tonight. Goes from room to room providing support to patients with robots help they can talk to relatives via video call or to the hospital psychologist feelings of isolation are a big problem for covert sufferers and this is where the road come to. Fizzle when the next time. On a smartphone lifespan 18 months. My mom materials extremely high recyclability cell. Side effects environmental pollution child labor harsh working conditions fast fun to short lives of ourself closer. D. W. Eco india. On this california milk is not the main product. Its down. The beach own farm in noida is the next level organic farm here local greens are treated like stars as are the mounds they leave behind its valuable material from a new earth and souvenirs eco. 16 on t. W. Theyve been robbed of their soul thats what a people experiences when their heritage is taken from them. Countless cultural riches were brutally stolen from africa and carted off to europe by colonialists. Each artifact has blood on it from the ones that have yet to heal. What should be done with the stone or from africa. This is being hotly debated on both continents. Stolen soul starts september 7th on d. W. O. Ked. Making phone calls browsing the internet taking photographs shopping now lives increasingly revolve around smartphones to take his like eunice kanya out these devices a file move and just telephones discover him so im one of those old people who dont just fear the smartphone as a utilitarian object if i can get really enthusiastic about design a good display i start every year at the phone makers flood the market with new models and theyre prepared to go to extreme lengths to sell them scripts officiating the talk to. Use various tactics there are strong suggestions that the devices are built to break as soon as possible. 1. 4000000000 new smartphones are sold annually which is the price of our digital lifestyle. Barcelona spain you to be influencing young us has come here to report on the latest smartphone trends the 21 year old regularly test the latest devices and posts his videos on the internet the most important industry sector is going to be here is a rich initiation to be held here today hey tapes a warm welcome from barcelona where the mobile World Congress was meant to take place but. The Worlds Largest mobile technologies trade fair was canceled because of coded 19 but some manufacturers were determined to showcase the new Product School assange. Despite the risks of getting infected the tech fans crowded around the latest devices yet major innovations are increasingly few and far between according to eunice. Is it starts by increasingly advised people against buying a new device each year because the differences just arent so great because manufacturers think out new forms to get paid. If the by like folding devices for example but for 2500. 00 euros only a test will show whether the device can be recommended on the hottest new test site. High prices and if the new developments despite that chickies flock to smartphone presentations like this besides your News Conference you choose influencer to be his dickey is also. The lowest but i buy a new smartphone about once a year i bought several since the new 5 g. Devices came out its with a 247 its my alarm clock my i listen to music on a i watch videos on it in the train at work or take notes on our i use it for everything thats gone. For most people here life without a smartphone is inconceivable. In his lectures feel it zoom and foul explains the impact of digitalization on humans and the environment the sociologist knows that she can use phones computers to people self image. The recession the sums of mom is the 3 year we develop a very strong bond with these devices. That theyre incredibly personal as they contain important messages they contain our lists are friends of basically theyre an extension of us by thought this. Film makers hype every new smartphone they bring out turning these devices into months time lifestyle products. And most of the cost and we did you have to consider how the presentation of these devices are staged at big show we have answers a lot of applause. Its only a new smartphone or perhaps saving the world just bringing out a new smartphone or those of us on this is i find were a noise small talk. More and more small up kinds of flooding into the market and the. Manufactures tactics are having dramatic consequences. On average a cell phone contained 16 grams of copper 6 grams of cobalt 3 tenths of a gram of silver and 300 of a gram of gold amongst other things that might not sound like a lot but it sure adds up and many of these commodities a mind in trice a strange ins for example cobalt that is used in smartphone batteries. Almost 2 thirds of the worlds cobalt comes from one single country the democratic republic of congo. Cobalt is mine here in the town of call waiting in the south of the country. But the people here have nothing to show for the smartphone boom theres no running water. No sewage system. No Waste Disposal collection. I mean at the locals are trying to in a bit from the smartphone hype manuel and his friends dig for cobalt each day in a minute town. All over. The world. With your book on the simple head torches of the only special equipment that they have to perform their dangerous jobs. Barefooted and without a rope they descend 45 meters deep into the. Zone. One false step could mean certain death. Going forward. Its narrow and hot in the pit in. The open all. The way i want to watch. But it was. The men hack at the rock with rudimentary tools can shovel the kobold all into sacks. After just a few minutes the air is like only a couple just. Its highly toxic and can cause serious lung damage without masks breaking becomes more and more difficult. But with little in. The world. Its a dirty job and without as our high tech smartphones wouldnt exist. The stones contain an 8 percent cobalt these men risked their lives every day for the production of mobile phone batteries. For a. Gauge of well much of what the mix up with was a brewery in other pits there are lots of deaths because they dont work safely but what we take care what about nothing has ever happened here but we got here. Its back breaking work that supports our digital lifestyle does the cobol used by mages smart phone makers also come from minds like they were 1st with Sustainability Reports there are 2 sets in the best p. R. Speak were proud to be recognized as a worldwide leader in the responsible sourcing of minerals in our products were committed to one day sourcing 100 percent recycled on renewable materials we envision a future where our devices are made with materials that follow a circular supply chain model using only recycled and renewable sources eliminating our reliance on mining. Apple doesnt explicitly rule out the possibility that current i phones much contain cobalt from the type of pits we have seen the. For cobalt is huge because many users replace their cell phones in less than 2 years and feel it soon found says the phone makers are often responsible for that. Risk its officiating to talk to me as there are so many tactics that indicate that the devices are intentionally built to break as soon as possible which for example when the battery no longer works. Or often its a complete write off and youre kind of forced into buying a new smartphone earthshine know a smart phones a coffee. Is that really true its an issue that also preoccupies influencing your news can you not. Hanoi to pay peeps im eunice any of you whove had a broken smartphone have asked yourselves this question is it worth getting it repaired or should i buy a new one i have 2 broken devices here and ill give you some answers in this video your clear and apple i phone and and the Samsung Galaxy s 8 uranus was replaced smartphones displays and batteries. Since the samson device to the manufacturer is. Going to take the i phone to the nearby apple store and asks what these reports would cost. Them im fine with in the form i was told that they couldnt replace the shattered display without replacing the battery i dont personally think its worth spending 214 euros on such an old ice so i think of its 214 you. Know you can get the same model new from a starting price of 529 year old apple quote about 41 percent of the sale price to repair a 3 year old smartphone. Father play as an independent Electronics Stores chief is that a viable option for consumers. On the question of contraband if we add it together for the i phone it runs to 168. 00 euros so definitely less than the make a charge but ive also discovered that they dont use any apple parts so i wouldnt do it even though its cheap its not finished. 168. 00 euros thats about 32 percent of the sales price quite a bit cheaper than t