Buds, some of the most well loved creatures on us. But as humans cause the planet to change as an increasingly rapid speed, bugs being forced to adopt them to cope with great new threats than ever before. Such as changing habits, motion, climates, and dangerous new name. The badge buffalo for the survival, scientists are on covering the different ways in which they are adapting the we discover in the search even more incredible than we ever since most of the, the the, this is hell go live. The smooth archipelago of to nordstrom and coast, its gained a reputation to being one of the most spectacular places to witness but migration a so many but to use it as a stop as a site to refill on that drums. Its also home to one of the oldest, one of the large groups of the prison, the work talk to your can deer sca works with the institute for avi and research and will help him. So hes part of a team the starting the bud populations here. The longer this is, the land has a very long history of keeping on with a logical record. Im can smile on it again with a painter who move to have a good land in the 1840s, fell in love and then spend most of his life here thing im leaving, you began keeping methodical records of the burger and lockers and also published them in the book until fair. Thats why we know so much about local bird life in the 19th Century Division that weve of easy for with a few and not getting the problem. But the real scientific records began in the 19 sixtys. When the data became the standardized recordings were taken 7 times a day every day. And that tradition has continued to the present. Yeah, we have the world, all this Data Collection with standardized catches and can draw conclusions from that. We know how populations have evolved and above all, how migratory periods have developed in the wake of climate change, the theme of under the yoke and his colleagues use whats known as hell. Good trumps shepherd ing budge. The blonde says into a fund says that they can be called safely. The once they have been collected, information about them is recording, such as body weight of the wind. Blowing on the feathers reveals the buds from the muscle composition a good indicator of general health. They know exactly which spaces have been caused and home, and neither of this information can then be confed to Historical Records understand changes over time. The successors theyve noticed the Long Distance migrants are in trouble and the facing steep declines. The exact reason for this is on the road, but it still to be because of global habitats, destruction and lots of insects. Ready unimportant appraisals for many bucks for the loss of migrants. Isnt there any fighting you all can and his team have also discovered that black cops a migrating more than 3 weeks earlier than they did 60 years ago. These small warblers typically migrate sauce to the southern mediterranean and africa during winter to reach a warmer climate with more resources. Doctor Joseph Williams is studying the navigation here on how good on recent tracking data shows, not only to black cops migrate totally, but the direction of the migration has also changed the reasons. But its mike, right, is because they want to get to a place with a more clements climate. But recently, and, but recently, i mean within half a century is now really and boats are starting to migrate north, specifically to the united kingdom. Previously those who migrated north would perish in the cooler conditions, but no many who choose this route. So the only thing has been question was that this is in response to the fact that its just not as cold in the north as it used to be. And also the impressed, and people really like feeding the birds. And so actually like cods, have started to use both feet is comes, but if it is in the winter, and this is in the thoughts, feelings to why they are so successful on in going and you know, in some instances precisely the wrong direction. Its not just black cops who seem to have successfully adapted to roaming, punish the arrow and helga land. There was a 7 c, but this was also great. Please beneficial if i started without the fan and 1st began breeding on how of good land in 1991 and their numbers have increased steadily, sense was tired of the growth. So the idea that and not even offering numbers kind of count for any stack income, the tsunami, and some growth could be explained by other than its being attracted to the colonies. But the species is also extending its range generally, which means its doing quite well in the Current Conditions in the north and see if we can get pride in getting an update, clark, the safe, such as hiring and micro some of the governance favor to praise bases and to being pushed further and further, notice that this woman see temperatures. So perhaps this is helpful is janet population again is phenomenal ability to dive. Also allows them to access a greater variety of fish, some of the c bucks, but not every but im so easily adapt to the challenges of climate change. Meaning that somebody in contrast, again it can, he wakes in foam or as have declined. Charlotte and one reason might be because they search for food on the surface and having difficulty accessing fish from on the open. But we also observed during the particularly hot summer of 2018, that adults kitty wake simply a band and their nests and the rags. I thought it was really hot on the glitter, temperatures climbed as high as 52 degrees celsius documentation. That was clearly too hot for 50 adult birds were still in the area, but theyve left of their nests and buffalo. The awfully. The casey wait, such as ones pieces of thousands across the world. Theres a decreasing a number, the one for things, most iconic spaces. The sky now is famous for its rich and intricate. So the smooth grounds, nesting but often chooses to raise tricks on grossman and farm. Historically, the lack of your so called some groceries has allowed them to access the grounds to nest and to keep an eye out for predators. With the intensification of agriculture is habitat is becoming a dangerous one. The wide spread change from spring to awesome sun cereals has increased the density of crow pushing sky locks to nest near tractor tram lines, making them vulnerable to crumpling to predators as pesticides. And wed colors are sprayed more and more on crops, insects. An important part of the food source are also being diminished. And so in europe, nearly 70000000 individuals have been lost since 1918. And the numbers still continue to full. The professor amanda room and her colleagues at the corner elaborate bonus ology in north america. As im covered, an even more devastating tab decline in north america. We have lost 3000000000 periods from the reading population of nearly 30 percent of birds or one in 3, or is that have been lost to just in my lifetime allowed. So since 1970, were seeing these declines that are really spanning almost all habitat and almost all groups of species and no longer restricted to just to be safe that we might of know already been thinking of as requiring conservation attention. Instead, were now seeing some of our greatest declines in species that are funding that are common in wide spread. The declines that weve documented here in north america are in no way unique. There have been studies that have been coming out around the world that are documenting. Youre comfortable. Declines. So its, it really was a wake up call. I think for a lot of the Conservation Community here, but its provide a lot of whats known as ecosystem services. They disperse seems all in a cons. Keep insect population such as birds decline, so to well, these vital services. If an environment conditions are not sufficient, not healthy enough to support birds. Well, then theyre not likely to be good for people either. Its a birds can be a real sentinel of environmental change. Weve heard of like canaries in the coal mine, and thats not so far fetched, right when we c declines and birds that should alert us so that somethings happening in the environment that we should Pay Attention to. Because ultimately, it can come back and affect us as well, the 3rd being the subject to decline for a variety of reasons, such as habitat destruction, fragmentation, pollution, global warming, the meanwhile, human populations around the globe of weeks and full time high h value to sustain this growing population, agriculture is becoming increasingly intensive. Some birds have adapted to thrive in these conditions. Grazing on managed gross acropolis learning to utilize the source of high quality food as a loud budge, such as conical goose to increase dramatically in europe. But as we continue to add the noise, the punish, were seeing new and unusual problems and much for all bucks to mitigate natural noise such as wind birds can change the page volume or time at which they sing, which in areas of high human population thurman, not from noises which are not so easily overcome the Max Planck Institute for one apology in germany is one of the largest senses, but science in the world. But the full front of Cars Research is dont to henrich broke. He began studying the effects of such sounds on budge, over 20 years ago. Thats on the t of out when the birds have to compete with noise, they sing louder. So have you met . You must do that too. We authorize our voices. I can go to this, this guy so long through great birds. And so just say enough, for example, nightgowns and berlin altogether they sing louder when theres more traffic noise. That means that the animals sing more quietly, the weekend and cheering the week until they have a nice ready for thats not because the birds relax and take it easy because of weekends. There is less commuter traffic and therefore less noise. Because fuck you, as a result, the birds sing more quietly. Ultimately we are the ones producing all the noise and compose the birds to sing louder and louder and sing and my, the all types of thing. So as mentioned is level vision for the for as humans, noise is a huge problem in our best, but its become increasingly clear. The noise has similar effects and birds for those. For example, a city traffic causes chronic stress and birds, which in turn suppresses their immune systems of dealing with. Thats what the nice thing is our latest findings on which we recently published it to show the traffic noise can cause birds to have trouble learning, to sing just to put further pulled niema because of just as human children learn to speak because he mentioned the birds have to learn to sing the traffic noise has the effect that it is taking them longer to develop their song. And they also make more mistakes when learning. I think the scene of the song quality is inferior and sound funny to have to finish the thing because i, im just going to say 1st id like to see and so i can implement this overall fitness. So potentially lead to a change in a populations dynamic. Right . Doesnt guns to got poor. And thats an important point. Especially for species that are threatening to do that to you, of course. Because along with all the other issues, animals face to, to human and choose to environmental change, such as the Climate Crisis solution, etc. Theres also noise and that noise could be the final straw to try some space, use to extinction. Going around, i need to often some of them but its not just the noise. Light is also wreaking havoc on birds around the world. The reason male songbirds stop singing in the winter is because the go nach frank, this is a result of the day like like not true sure thing and went with the last day life. They can no longer produce the whole much to modify the brands and therefore allow them to sing to bring but street lights and tom some cities need. So this natural life cycle resulting and but coming to breeding condition, much sooner than they would otherwise not truly do meaning the off spring. Lisa nest when there was level for them yet to each Light Pollution from buildings is also appropriate to some unknown reason. But its a drawing to the source of light causing life threatening conditions. Cornell and museum of flesh birds in north america, votes of foss, collection of birds, many of which were found just fatalities from hitching buildings. Dr. Benjamin vandorn and his colleagues studying these books. So lot of these birds come to us because they have collided with windows or buildings. So one of these pieces is a block sort of blue or blur here, which is a song bird migrant. This is the fate for pending and so, but its across not only north america, but the well with the use of new technology from the kona lab as on the solar gee in new york state. There is hope that we can make a difference to adrian. Dr. Is part of this team, migratory versus a tranquil ignites and, and its actually in ways of a hidden phenomenon. If there is costs, we try to sort of make these market towards your initials. Birds come to life and use mostly raiders for that. These a whether re dos or a 155 dose it across the us site and mostly used for detecting rain. But the scientists here at cornell, the found a way to use them for detecting but the weather writers. They cant really see individual graphs as maybe like rain clouds, right, where you also dont see the individual droplets. What you see. So if this density of mass of rain from the air is the same reverse. Although its not possible to see which exact spaces are on the move. If we bird migration across the usa can be tracked and displayed on a map. So you see all the green dots on your radar stations. And in colors in the back, youll see the migratory birds and, and youll see the brighter colors. That means more bars in the year. The red line, the policies across the screen represents the point with which day becomes nice. As soon as thats sort of gets dark, you see all these bright super bright colors popping up. So really good migration. Nice. We track also how many, but migratory birds are in flight if theres any given moment. So you see a staggering numbers. Were now is 830400 1000000 birds in there. You see now the sun rise and you see as soon as some sort of starts to appear or landing. I think this too is especially good though to see these evils are very large scale patterns across to us. Something we can never do before. Theres like millions and billions of books in the air and it hasnt just been impossible to count that. It seems like in the middle of the night, so you can see if its only since we know how to use the rate or network, lets see if this would inverts. If you overt migration itself, you can zoom out to the scale of an entire confidence and see what the migration looks like. And how is this the view to the space both Cost Technology to most of the truck migrations. It can predict them to as weather radars have been around for decades, the archive can Migration Data from the last 20 years can be collected and compared to the weather conditions, but were experiencing by combining those 2 sources of information. We can create a predictive model that will tell us how much migration we expect to, to take place under a given set of conditions in a given area. And really convert a Weather Forecast into a bird migration forecast to benjamins on door and uses this information to protect, but its against the dangers of Light Pollution. So if our migration forecast sites, for example, that we expect millions of birds to be migrating over, dallas, texas. And we will then put out in advisory that day to, to say, hey, we expect lots of migration tonight. Make sure to turn out your, your lights tonight, and so our network of people will work to make that happen. Then that night hopefully theyll be the fewer lights on, in that city. Turning out lights makes a difference even at the level of the individual window in the building. And through our work, we were able to show at, at one Convention Center in chicago, that if this building has participated in a Lifestyle Program and turned off se half of its lights on a given night for a long period of that bird mortality at that one building could have been reduced by 50 percent or more. And over the course of 20 years were talking about 5000. 00 or more versa. And that could have been said. There are many challenges in the world that are really complex, like light climate change, but light Light Pollution and the impacts of light on birds. This is a problem that people can make a difference. Its really something people can do with just a flick of, of a light switch, migratory birds. Some of those that are being hit hardest by changing planet. But some books pieces are adapting to the new environments created by humans. Adults bugs introduce the young to these opportunities so they to grow up to be told her aunts of people with disabilities as it allows them to not only live along side humans, but to take advantage of the one of the most as an adaptation to a man made world is the gulf the they see flat troops of city buildings as perfect nesting platforms at a safe place to raise the checks tables a land to follow peoples should use beating when the most food is available. If, if that means for jane at night, pale next thinking up in areas, im much higher rates anywhere in the past. Same one, locals. Amazing in the app in areas. Sir, it seems like something is going right for them. Still to model in goodness from the university of extra to is starting tearing goals on the south coast of england. Ive noticed just like very clear when im out in town, but people have the fee taken by goals and it often went to not paying attention and goals will just catch them unaware, often flying in from hines or even a show the and i wanted to so actually paying attention to where people are looking. Im now using this to as, as a way to decide how to get this feet, sorry, designs and experiments to explicitly test the model in places a bag of chips on the ground and trips a way to see how long it takes until the snatched the within and leave 15 seconds, theyve gone the now for the next test, i want to go react when modeling maintains her gaze off to placing the troops down. She waits the but this time, the goal doesnt take the risk. Those who are brave enough to steal food whilst being watched, often take a significantly longer time to make this decision compared to those that think that going unnoticed. They wait, typically over twice as long as someones not looking. Then its going to be much easier for them to get the series and get to wait for the pass and is able to react. Because obviously a human is a lot bigger than a goal. And as a lot more thing to circle open by fast so, so it really would pay off for both to be paying attention to where people are looking an