LITTLE CONSENSUS Hollick believes there is “little consensus” on how a new scheme would work. “The main options appear to be some form of annual road toll per user or vehicle, or toll per mile travelled,” he said. “However, these are likely to work in conjunction with other forms of charging, such as extended ULEV (ultra-low emission vehicle) zones and even emissions-based parking levies.” When combined with fleet-specific taxation, such as benefit-in-kind (BIK) taxation of vehicles and approved mileage allowance payments (AMAPs), Hollick told Fleet News: “It’s potentially a very complicated picture and that is before you even start to ask questions such as how mileage would be monitored and charged.”