I dont want your pity. I want change. From political leaders activists and protesters. They brutalized us, shot us with rubber bullets, beat us with batons. Still trying to make the dream of reverend dr. Martin luther king jr. Come true. I said, mr. President , the people are restless. See why this documentary is more important than ever. 57 years after the first march in 1963. I said, this is it. And i went for it. The march on washington. Hello. Im deborah roberts. Those images of today arc echo of something 57 years ago when 250,000 people descended on the nations capital, protesting for jobs and freedom. On todays anniversary of dr. Martin luther king jr. s i have a dream speech, we at 20 20 are proud to present the documentary, the march. Originally made in 2013 to commemorate the marchs 50th anniversary, some of those voices, sadly, are now gone, but their legacy livines on. I have had to tell my children about the segregation and what it means. My 7yearold daughter, she wanted to go to fun town, and we found it necessary to explain to her that she couldnt go to fun town because she was colored. To attempt to explain a system like the unjust and evil system of segregation to a 6yearold child is a very difficult thing. In 1963, the movement for civil rights came to the most segregated city in the American South birmingham, alabama. Birmingham is a symbol of hard core resistance to integration. It is most thoroughly segregated city in the United States. It has had more unsolved burnings of negro homes and churches than any city in the United States. Its not any other southern city, okay . Birmingham is bombingham. They have quarries and conducting the quarry business you use dynamite, so there are a lot of local people who are expert in the use of dynamite. A teenage boy riding a bicycle had been knocked off the bike and castrated. A young couple had gone to the city hall to get a wedding license, came around the corner, and brushed shoulders away birmingham policeman and he pulled out his pistol and pistol whipped the boy to the ground. I mean, it was a horrible heinous place. The campaign was to be led by the organizations then34yearold leader, the reverend dr. Martin luther king jr. It is immoral to urge people to accept injustices and oppression of second class citizenship in an attempt to wait until the socalled opportune time. The time is always right to do right. Dr. King was the voice of civil rights from the busboy cot on, but by the end of 1962, he recognized that the Civil Rights Movement was losing what he called its window in history. The south was still segregated, and he said, we need to take more of a risk. We need to go for broke. I need to go for broke. I think he felt that we have to be willing to give our lives to put an end to segregation. If we do, then segregation will end even if we die. That was the reason he chose birmingham. Before the victorys won, some may even have to face physical death. We must come to see that there are some things so eternally true that they are worth dying for, and if a man has not discovered something that he will die for, he isnt fit to live. In january of 1963, one man was determined to stop kings desegregation message from spreading any further, birmingh birminghams police chief, eugene bull. Its the cake over of our country by the indigent, the la lazy, the beat nicks and some misguided religious and a bleeding hearts. Do you think you can keep birmingham in segregation . I may not be able to do it, but ill die trying. Can see us through the lord will see us through overcoming bull conners segregationist zeel, not to mention his jails would take something special, and in 1963, king would find out just how special that effort needed to be. He spent all of january, february, and march 1963 training people to accept nonviolence, to go down into marches and be willing to go into bull conners jails. But conners jails were so fearsome that no matter how much they exhorted people, no matter how many freedom songs they sang, how much fervor there was in the meetings, people wouldnt risk showing up to go into those jails. With the campaign paralyzed by fear and defeat looming, king put his reputation on the line. Defying a city ban on demonstrations, he led one from the front. As king was led off to jail, a new group emerged from the shadows. Hes in jail. He doesnt know if the protests are going to continue or whether bull conner is going to win. Then the young people enter the birmingham struggle. Aint gonna let nobody turn me around turn me around, turn me around i dont mind coming to jail. I dont mind suffering at all, and i will suffer for my freedom. I want equal rights. I want equal rights. Talking, marching up the freedom line these young teenagers essentially saved the movement. Violence against the civil rights demonstrators was going on spasmodically. But bull conner and his dogs was on national television. Everybody in america saw that. And most everybody that saw it was shocked, was really shocked. The pictures were so shocking that it raised the moral issue of, what kind of nation is america . Are we a country better than this . But, we have aunts. Youre slouching again, ted. Expired, expired. Expired. Thanks, aunt bonnie. Its a lot of house. I hope you can keep it clean. At least geico makes bundling our home and Car Insurance easy. Which helps us save a lot of money oh, teddy. Did you get my friend request . Uh, ill have to check. doorbell ringing aunt jonis here for bundling made easy, go to geico. Com. Hello . For bundling made easy, go to geico. Com. Make the summer yours, with a twist of flavor. 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Dr. King came out of birmingham traveling around instead of going into towns and giving a talk in the black church, there are 15,000 people at the airport, and theyre mixed, black and white. He says, breakthrough. We have to take advantage of this. We have to have a national protest, call Philip Randolph and say his idea about having a march on washington, we need to do it now. Philip randolph was the founder of brotherhood of sleeping carporters in the 1920s. The sleeping carporters were black workers in the railroad industry. There was a time that blacks did all kind of work in the railroad industry, but as the new technology game, they were dismissed, and whites took the job. The one thing they could get organized and would remain africanamerican were the sleeping carport porters. Universally recognized as the dean of the Civil Rights Movement, randolph had earned that title in a 30year fight for racial equality. A. Philip randolph was in fact the first black leader to advocate mass action. He understood that the only way to make progress in this country was not only through mass action, but that you had to center your activity on washington, d. C. On the congress and on the president. A. Philip randolph told me the story when he was a young man leading. President roosevelt invited him to dinner. During the dinner a. Philip randolph organized all the issues and things he thought the president should act on and respond to. By the time it ended roosevelt says to randolph, ill ask you to please go out in your world and make me do what youve asked me to do. A. Philip randolph went back to the people they knew and said, were going to march on washington. And the president signed the fair practices bill within days. Negros things that whites should have possessed. All of their rights. They want no reservations and no force urn the sun can block and stop the civil rights revolution which is now under way. Randolph would organize two further marches on washington in the 50s. On both he would be helped by another figure, byard russton. Everybody now byard was an organizational genius. He had been a member of the Young Communist League he had been an objector in world war ii. He served 18 months in a federal penitentiary for that. And of course he was gay, and he never hid that fact. Ruston was also an old ally of Martin Luther king. It was a relationship formed during the momentous event that launched king on the national scene, the montgomery b bus boycott of 1956. Mr. Randolph spoke to dr. King in the early days of the protests and suggested to him that byard would be a real help. From that period through 1960s, byard was in virtual daily contact with dr. King. At the height of the desegregation battle with bull conners forces, ruston travelled to birmingham. And when bull conner turned the cities fire hoses on its black children, ruston was on hand giviing advice. One important piece of advice he would give came in the form of an Important Message from a. Philip randolph. Randolph sent ruston down and said, look, rather than keep this a southern black movement, we need the organize a march on washington that would make it a national movement. Randolph had been stating in public that there may be a need for another march on washington in the early 1960s. The Kennedy Administration, which had come in with so much hope for civil rights had faltered and was almost terminally hesitant to do things. When you order a hotandjuicy quarter pounder. A normal amount of napkins, just wont do. Ba da ba ba ba and 24 hour relief from symptoms caused byn. Over 200 indoor and outdoor allergens. Like those from buddy. Because nothing should come between two best friends. Feel the clarity, and live claritin clear. Isnt like yesterday. grrrr. 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[ barking ] in 1960, John Fitzgerald kennedy became the new president. From the beginning kennedys message of hope and freedom struck a chord with many across the world. At the height of his travels, the new president s commitment to Democratic Values would also embolden many closer to home. I have already talked with the president about issuing a sort of second emancipation proclamation. The shape of the world today does not afford us the luxury such an anemic democracy. Two years into his presidency, however, very little happened on racial equality at home, and many, including king, began to lose patience. President kennedy has done some significant things, and at the same time, i must say that president kennedy hasnt done enough, and we must remind him that we elected him. I had been involved with the relationship between kennedy and Martin Luther king. When i saw king and kennedy together, the president let king know that it made no sense to go forward in the first session of congress with the civil rights bill. When we left, martin said, i hoped we had last had a president who had the intelligence to understand the problem, who had the political skills to solve it, and who had the passion to see it through. He said, im certainly convinced of the first two. And well just have to see what happens about seeing it through. June 1963, events began to force the president s hand in ways both tragic and entirely anticipated. June 12th, medger evers is assassinated. Also in june, Vivian Malone and james hood are students who are admitted to the university of alabama, but the university of alabama refused to admit them. The person refusing to admit them was none other than the state governor. As governor, i am the highest constitutional officer of the state of alabama, and i will be present to bar the entrance of any negro who attempts to enroll at the university of the alabama. When you have a governor standing in the way of executing a federal court order, any president is going to have to take a stand on that. That pushes kennedy to recognize that he cant avoid this issue anymore. As the University Crisis unfolded, the Kennedy Administration also found itself confronted by an equally set ur set of problems elsewhere. All these demonstrations are breaking out in hundreds of cities. 200 people going to jail here. 500 people going to jail there. His advisers came to him and said, this is going to not die down. The only alternative is to bite the bullet and propose a bill to end segregation. We are confronted primarily with a moral issue. It is as old as the scriptures and as clear as the american constitution. We preach freedom around the world, and we mean it. And we cherish our freedom here at home. But are we to say to the world, and much more importantly, to each other, that this is the land of the free except for the negros . It is a remarkable speech in history in the sense that it was one more days demonstrations made him call his advisers in and say, thats it. I want to propose this bill. His advisers said, when . And he said, tonight. And they said, what . Next week i shall ask the congress of the United States to act. Make a commitment that is not fully made that racism has no place in life or law. By the time kennedy made that speech, king had already begun his post birmingham tour across the country. That tour would convince him that randolphs march on washington idea was the best way forward. And he began to say so. We are calling for nonviolent peaceful march on washington. We want to go not by the hundreds, not by the thousands, but by the hundreds of thousands. We are determined to be free in 63. In a way youve got two streams coming together, the political stream that kennedy had making that speech and the kings protest stream planning to have a march. Now theyve got a bill that the president has introduced to have a march for. Randolph wanted to march to be about jobs. King wanted it to be about freedom. Randolph is saying we may need to march to push president kennedy into doing the right thing the same way we pushed roosevelt into doing the right thing in world war ii. And thats faster . Faster, yea but is it reliable . Ah huh and secure you should consider making a big deal about it bigger . I said bigger oh, bigbigger deal bigger than what im doing . Its not complicated. A 5g Network Needs a 5g device. Now everyone including existing customers can get a free Samsung Galaxy note20 after tradein. [loud crunching] thats not how the silent treatment is supposed to work irresistibly slowbaked, unbelievably crunchy. Make some noise. 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On july 2, 1963, the first meeting of the march on Washington Committee would take place in new york. For four months randolph had been planning for just such a meeting. In january of hill drafted something to randolph saying now is the time for march on jobs and economic freemt. We met several times in rustons apartment and came up with a plan. This plan we presented to Philip Randolph well before the critical important meeting of the big six civil rights leaders that actually decided and agreed that the march ought to take place. A. Philip randolph, Negro American labor co