Thats what brings us here today. Now, not everyone here is a scientist. laughter but some of you are among the best scientists in the world, and what you and your colleagues have been showing us for years now is that human activities are changing the climate in dangerous ways. Levels of Carbon Dioxide which heats up our atmosphere are higher than they have been in 800,000 years. 2014 was the planets warmest year on record, and we have been setting a lot of records in terms of warmest years over the last decade. One year doesnt make a trend, but 14 of the 15 warmest years on record have falo fallen withe first 15 years of this century. Climate change is no longer just the future were predicting for your children and grandchildren, its about the reality were living with every day right now. The pentagon says the Climate Change poses immediate risks to our National Security. While we cant say any single weather event is entirely caused by Climate Change, weve seen stronger storms, deeper droughts, longer wildfire seasons. Charleston and miami now flood at high tide. Shrinking ice caps force National Geographic to make the biggest change in its at las since the soviet union broke apart. Over the past three decades, nationwide asthma rates have more than doubled, and Climate Change puts those americans at greater risk of landing in the hospital. As one of americas governors has said, we are the first generation to feel the impact of Climate Change and the last generation that can do something about it. And thats why i committed the United States to leading the world on this challenge. Because i believe there is such a thing as being too late. Rose with the big Republican Debate on thursday night, al hunt on the story with dr. Benjamin carson, a republican president ial candidate. If you look at the experience of everyone in congress today, it comes out to 9,000 years, yet where has that really gotten us . Its possible to gain experience from a lot of different areas. This country rose from nowhere to the pinnacle of the world very quickly, and it wasnt necessarily because we had a lot of experience with politicians rose we conclude with marc maron, comedian famous for podcast with president obama. It came down to where do i go. Brettman said, he wants to come to the garage. I said, thats ridiculous, hes coming to my house . They said, thats what he wants is the experience of it. He wants that. I was concerned with connecting with him personally. I knew i couldnt do a softball interview and it had to be somewhat in depth, and i was hoping to find out who he is as a person in a genuine way and thats what i ended up doing. Rose al hunt with dr. Ben carson and marc maron, when we continue. Ow rose has been provided by additional funding provided by and by bloomberg, a provider of multimedia news and Information Services worldwide. Captioning sponsored by Rose Communications from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. Hunt dr. Benjamin carson is one of the worlds preeminent pediatric neurosurgeons. At 33, he became director of pediatric nero surgery at johns hopkins. He is author of half a dozen best selling books, one of which was made into a Television Program about his life. Earlier this year he announced his candidacy for republican nomination of the president of the United States. One fact cited by critics and admirers alike, he has no political experience in political or public life. They disagree on whether thats a credential or liability. We are pleased to welcome dr. Benjamin solomon carson to the table. Welcome. Thank you. Hunt we know you are a great surgeon, and because you have operated on our son. America has not elected any president who totally lacked political experience. Why would ben carson be different and good . The collective political experience of everyone in Congress Comes out to 9,000 years and where has that gotten us . This country rose from nowhere to the pinnacle of the world quickly, and it wasnt necessarily because we have had experienced politicians. Hunt we have had as president s. Reagan and bush had political experience, roosevelt. But my point being you can get experience from lots of different areas. Hunt let me ask it this way, would it be different if you wanted to hire a Baltimore Ravens coach who didnt have any football background or take a really smart person with no medical background and say, we want you to do brain surgery. People have asked me that before and i always say, it requires an enormous amount of knowledge, for instance, to become a neurosurgeon, not the kind of knowledge that you can acquire in a year or two yearcnl now and open the lid on the engine, your Immediate Response is to shut it back down. Its so complex and corrupt and intricate. And i dont want to spend, you know, 15 years learning all the tintricacies of that engine, i can get plenty of people who know that. Hunt what have you learned about yourself and america that you didnt know about a couple of years ago . Well, what learned about america is there are a lot of people who are frightened, who are very, very unhappy about the direction, and they feel we are losing our country. A lot of people have even given up. What ive learned about myself is that i couldnt do what i wanted to, to sit back and relax, knowing this was going on, having spent hunt you knew you were never going to sit back and relax, dr. Carson. Well, i really was planning on it and my wife was planning on it, after decades of 12 to 16 hours a day, she said, i finally get my husband back. But, you know, knowing what could potentially happen to the next generation, it would be impossible to relax. Hunt in the early stages, you made a number of what i think could have been called gaffs. You said gay is a choice and talked about obama and parallels to the nazis. You pretty much ended that. Is that because of something you learned or you just had tough handlers that stopped you from doing it . No, i learned that when you use certain terms and phrases, people cant hear anything beyond that. So even though, for instance, take the nazi comment, my point was that, you know, most of those people in germany did not believe in what hitler but doing, but did they open their mouths . No. Did they say anything . Did they try to stop it . They did not. Therefore, you could have all the good intentions in the world, but the you dont do something, you may as well just sit down. Hunt that is interpreted as were in danger of moving the same way nazi germany did, and you dont believe that. Well, of course not, but my point being, you know, if people actually listened to what you were saying, they would have a completely different takeaway burks they wont do that when you use certain phrases, so i learned that. Hunt donald trump is dominating everything, seems, these tas. Hes pulled the head of everybody. Up until the donald, you were the only genuine outside, the only nonpolitician. So going back to our original question, what do you offer that donald trump doesnt offer . That will be something i really think should be defined by the voters themselves. Hunt you have to make your case. They should listen very carefully, but the case i will make is i have spent a great deal of time solving very complex problems, problems that no ones ever been able to solve before, and its not necessarily because im the smartest person that ever existed, its because you know how to put together the right kinds of resources to solve complex problems. Hunt wouldnt you say the same thing about build hog tells and golf courses and and let me continue. Hunt im sorry. And then there are very few people who are going to be on that stage who have spent more time in Corporate Board rooms than i have, figuring out how to make things run efficiently both in this country and internationally, and im not aware of anyone whos put together a nonprofit that, as you know, nine out of ten fail, and ours not only has succeed but has won Major National awards only given to one organization in the country. That requires a lot of organizational skill and knowhow. All of those things do. Hunt kind of hard to see the donald in the operating room. laughter he is your friend and neighbor. He is. Hunt in florida. I know that. Do you agree with him on most stuff . Most of the things weve talked about, yeah, i would say that there is harmony there. One of the nice things about the political process we have is that it is a marathon, not a sprint, so, over the course of time, people will have an opportunity to really hear our solutions for various things, not just myself and donald trump, but the entire gamut of everybody whos running. And over the course of time, as they get to really know who we are, not who other people have said we are, but they actually get a chance to see who we are, i think people will make the right decisions. Hunt lets get to the solutions. One final question about donald trump. You have been very forthright about criticizing democrats for political correct necessary and playing the race card on occasion. You have been very critical of that. Not just democrats, but anybody. Hunt let me ask you about donald trump. Donald trump was the one who started the monstrously false charge barack obama was not born in america. Its almost impossible to imagine him doing that against a white politician. Does that bother you he raised the birther issue in seemingly racial tones . I dont know that it was in racial tones. First of all, let me just put it out on the table, i dont believe that that is true, that he was born somewhere else. Hunt ettes been proven he wasnt. Right. But i can understand why somebody who specifically blocks a lot of his record would caw cause somebody to become suspicious. I understand that. Hunt there was a birth announcement in a hawaii newspaper. It wasnt just something that came out of the blue. Academic records, things of that. Hunt you dont think that was loony, the 9 11 truthers, the elvis is just around the corner . Heres my point why if youre running for public office, in particular president of the United States, why would you go through such lengths to hide important parts of your history . Hunt i dont think he really did. Who hid the academic records . Hunt no one says, you know, is joh was john kerry born america. Let me tell you why i bring that particular issue up. You know, having spent many years in academia, when somebody goes from a place like alcollege to columbia university, thats a pretty big jump, and it would be informative to find out how that occurred. When you hide Something Like that, it makes people suspicious. Hunt lets move on. Im not sure what was hidden, but lets move on to the issues you were talk about and lets start with the economy, because i understand your proposal is a 10 cut in spending across the board exempting the fence. Is that basically accurate . Well, whether its 10 or some other percentage, the point is that it needs to be across board because the reason that we have such difficulty getting things cut in washington is because everybody has their pet projects. Hunt the Social Security cut roughly 10 . I would cut all programs or things that are supporting parts of that program. Let me tell you about Social Security. The way its working right now, as you probably know, were going to run out of money sometime in the 20s, probably the late 2020s. We need to do something to stabilize it. Now, when we put that program into place, the average age of death was 63, and now were approaching 80, and we havent made the appropriate adjustments. Hunt the age is raised but would you also cut the again fits . I would offer people the ability to opt out of receiving the check in lieu of tax credit. W, obviously, only certain people would be able to take advantage of that, but at least probably 20 of our population could take advantage of that would immediately alleviate a lot of the strain on the Social Security program, and then give you the possibility of enacting gradual raises for people under age 556789 over that age, i think we probably shouldnt touch it. Hunt would you cut medical research, n. I. H. Everything across the board. There is no other twie get it done, because of questions like that. Hunt but you said not defense, right . Well, what i would do with defense is you have to bring defense back to the appropriate level. When you get you must recognize that the Current Administration has cut nearly a trillion dollars out of defense. Hunt so when you have things like theyre going to build 2,443 f35s. A new long range bomber, new nuclear sub to replace the ohio class. Are you saying you might cut some and not others . Let me put this into perspective for you. Right now, our navy, the vessels are at the smallest level since 1917. In a recent testimony on capitol hill, the commandant of the marine corps said half of the nondeployed units are not combat ready. When you look at our air force, its in dismal shape, and you look at our Nuclear Arsenal, its archaic. At the same time, you look at what putin is doing with the russian arsenal, look at what the chinese are doing. And theyre building new aircraft carriers. Theyre trying to, you know, dominate space now. I mean, when you stop and you think about hunt would you increase spending for space . You think about the world that were living in right now, the hostilities that are going to be directed toward us, we can be very polyanish, stick our heads in the sand, yeah, everythings going to be okay, or we can look around, see whats going on and recognize if we dont get defense right, pretty much nothing else is going to matter. Hunt let me ask one or two more economic questions. On the tax side, i think you said that, really inspired by the bible, you favor a flat tax, somewhere between 10 and 15 . Would you do away with charitables and Home Mortgage deductions . Yeah, a proportional tax. I like to use 10 because its easy to do the math. So everybody pays. You make 10 billion a year, you pay a billion. You pay 10 a year, you pay one. You get rid of all the deductions, all the loopholes, because those are the things that make the system unfair. Hunt no charitable writeoffs. No charitable writeoffs. But some say, all charity will go away at that point. But is that really true . In 1913, when we enacted the federal income tax, were people not charitable before that . Of course they were, and they will continue to be charitable. Its part of who we are. Hunt would you do away with the earned income tax credit for the working poor . I would get rid of all deductions and all loopholes because, whenever you have them, people migrate toward them. They manipulate things to take advantage of them. We find much better ways to take care of people. And particularly when were talking about the poor, the indigent people in our society, for which i have great compassion, having lived that life, i recognize that they would appreciate much more than a pat on the head and say, there, there, you poor little thing, were going to take care of you. What they would really appreciate is us fixing the economy and providing the appropriate ladder for them to climb up and become part of the fabric of the success of this nation. Hunt one thing we dont know about dr. Carson is who he would turn to for economic advice because you havent been in the public arena. What top economic officials or former economists, give us a couple a president carson would turn to for advice. I like art lather and others. I have had an enormous number of interactions with people in the business world. Hunt was c. E. O. Really strike your fancy . When i look at people who have been able to accomplish amazing things, you look at someone like the founder of costco, even on a number of political things we dont necessarily agree, in terms of business and Business Savvy and economics, hes a genius. Hunt how about donald trump, would you put him in the carson cabinet . There is no one of the people who are running that i wouldnt consider as someone who could be extraordinarily helpful. Hunt let me ask you the same question about National Security and foreign policy. Who would be the two or three either former top officials or people that you talked to . Youve spent a lot of time talking to people over the last year that you would really turn to for advice on National Security and foreign policy. Again, until i get their permission to release, but the one whose permission i do have permission to release is general dees who has enormous experience, but ive talked to numerous generals you know as well as people in the c. I. A. And experts in foreign affairs. I think everyone will be hopefully delightfully surprised during the debates when we get to the part on foreign affairs. Starting thursday . Yes. Hunt whats the greatest National Security threat facing america . We have so many incredible National Security threats. Let me put it this way, on day one of a Carson Administration, i would be looking to do everything we can to quickly shore up our military, and im very concerned in the immediate term about jihadists, both here embedded and those who are abroad. In the longer term, im more concerned about putin and the chinese. But i think there are multiple threats. We also have to look at the fact that, you know, our grid is very vulnerable, is very old. All it would really take is an explosion of a Nuclear Weapon in our exoatmosphere. We dont have the backup systems necessary to protect us. Hunt Lindsey Graham said he would send at least 10,000 Ground Troops to take on i. S. I. S. In the middle east, and youve said you would be open to sending Ground Troops there. Does 10,000 sound sufficient, too few . Whats the carson doctrine on how many Ground Tro