Mainstreaming the Bamboo Cultivation in J&K : vimarsana.com

Mainstreaming the Bamboo Cultivation in J&K


Mainstreaming the Bamboo Cultivation in J&K
Mainstreaming the Bamboo Cultivation in J&K
Dr. Banarsi Lal, Dr. Vikas Tandon
Bamboo is an important plant gifted by nature in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. It is also called as wonder plant, green gold, emperor of all grasses, wood of the poor etc. It is used by the people in their every-day utilities. It is closely interwoven with the life of the people in several ways. It can be used as a food, fodder, construction material, paper, mats, musical instruments, paintings etc. In India bamboo is expanding its footprints across the globe. India possesses one of the largest bamboo resources in the world. India has about 130 species covering 9.57 million ha area. It can be grown in between the other trees. In the event of a fire bamboo has the innate ability to regenerate and again grow green shoots next year. Bamboo has multiple economical, ecological and social values. It has the capacity to provide the ecological, economic and livelihood security among the people. It acts as source for the raw material for the industrial and domestic use. Bamboo biodiversity can be observed in different areas of J&K. Bamboo forms the most diverse group of plants in the grass family. It belongs to the sub-family Bambusoidae of the family Poaceae. It is a form of grass but it is strong and elastic. Bamboo is found in all the continents except Europe. It is probably the best natural engineering material on the earth. It mainly grows in the tropics and sub-tropics. It has versatile, enduring and highly renewable material that people have been utilizing for thousands of years. It can be harvested in 2-3 years. It protects the environment by reducing air and water pollution due to its excellent pollution absorption qualities. It produces more than 35 per cent of oxygen than hardwood trees. It can contribute in the economy and ecology of J&K. It can be used as the building material and also for scaffolding, building of bridges etc. Bamboo maintains its core temperature which helps to grow it in diverse climates. Bamboo occurs in different bioclimatically defined forest types ranging from tropical to subalpine zones. India is the second richest country in bamboo genetic resources after China. These two countries together have more than half the total bamboo resources in the world. About 136 species of bamboos are reported in India. Bamboo is grown on about 9.57 million hectares in India which constitutes about 12.8% of the total area under forests. Out of the 22 genera available in India, 19 are indigenous and three exotic. The annual production of bamboo in India is about 4.6 million tonnes. The annual yield of bamboo per hectare varies between 0.2 and 0.4 tonnes depending upon the intensity of stocking and biotic interferences. The economic impact of the agro forestry-based bamboo system may influence general economic development of the country. It is mostly found in N-E States, Chhattisgarh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Jammu and Kashmir. Bamboo is not infested with the insect-pests. After two years of unhindered growth, the bamboo grove can be harvested with the minimum labour. It is a very hardy grass which survived even after the nuclear blast at Hiroshima in Japan in 1945.It is a carbon-friendly grass and it can capture the carbon faster than any tree. Bamboo supports other agro-industries for manufacturing handicrafts items, packaging materials, raw materials for fencing, paper industries etc. across the globe.

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