App Deployment (orchestration, scheduling): Kubernetes, HashiCorp Nomad Observability & alerting: Datadog, PagerDuty Infrastructure Provisioning: HashiCorp Terraform, Red Hat Ansible Many other categories and tools When your IT stack starts to splinter into multiple, heterogeneous environments, you have two potential solutions for fixing that fragmentation. Building a portable workflow is one of them. The other solution is migrating to one single tech stack — in regards to the cloud, that would mean one cloud vendor. Multicloud vs. Single-Cloud For pre-production workflows, workflow portability is the norm. GitHub or other version control and CI/CD systems are the central systems and common workflows for most software development today — and from there they can integrate with almost anything. Most of today’s challenges are due to the fragmentation of workflows that come after this, in the deployment and production space.