Stashes of every kind of seed imaginable in this mountain. Imagine if something really bad would happen, human kind could start over again. We focus on some of the solutions out there to solve them and we introduce you to some of the smartest minds looking to change the world for the better. Los gohn leading maker of electric cars of the day. Vivec, who also lapse to run the nba sacramento kings. He wants the worlds talented minds to come to the shores and promote opportunity to address some of the planets challenges. And salman kajabke predicts worst case Health Scenarios to better prepare for pandemics and other tragedies that threaten our world. Playing disease, climate change, some of the threats that confront us. And californias agriculture, in most instances weather appearance recover and water levels are restored but there are people out there whose job it is to plan for worst. Thats very much the case in a special bunker located 800 miles north of the arctic circle. Thats where i went just a few months back. On a remote group of islands in the high norwegian arctic, polar bears outnumber the people. Its flown as smallbard, its known as much for its wildlife as it is for people who track these animals. We met here to meet a group of scientists who work deep inside this mountain. In this mountain is a bank designed to last 10,000 years. Call it the ultimate exercise in planning ahead. This bank holds something far more valuable than any currency. Inside is the Worlds Largest collection of seeds. Its a kind of Global Insurance policy for the worlds crops. Which are threatened by climate change. War. And natural disasters. This is the encumbrance to the global seed vault. Think of it as the noahs arc of seeds. Nations around the world contribute stashes of every kind of seed imaginable to be stored in vaults inside this mountain. Now the thinking is if something really bad were to happen, human kind can start all over again. To keep the backup specimens of all of these crops protected, security has to be tight. First off the vault is far from civilization. Located halfway between europe and the north pole, roughly 800 miles above the arctic circle. A series of passwords, key cards, and locks keep unwanted visitors out. The actual vault is located at the end of a series of tunnels that bore deep into this arctic mountain. Inside is a scene that would make james bond enthusiasts proud and today executive director marie haga has granted us entrance. That tunnel, now we are in the mountain. And well take you in through the holy part where we have the seeds. The vault is climatecontrolled, secure against earthquakes and rises in sea level. Inside, tens of thousands of varieties of crops, such as rice, wheat and beans, are stored in boxes. Here are boxes from canada these are from colombia. Here is north korea. You can find material from absolutely all over the world. So this is one of the few places where we really can see International Cooperation in practice. Most crops have duplicate specimens in smaller vaults or gene banks stored across the globe. But accident happens. Making this humanitys last resort. In the philippines for example they have been struck both by fire and then by flood. Lots of material being lost. Theres also a gene bank located in aleppo, syria, being threatened by the conflicts there. This has the worlds most important collection of wheat. The norwegians built this facility on the top of the world in 2008 in preparation of a doomsday scenario. But like any insurance policy, the hope is that they never have to use it. Last year a really bad scenario showed itself this one having to do with public health. The world was engulfed by fear as an ebola epidemic reekd wreaked havoc. There is no cure, many more were in effected andin infected and there was no real concern about this country. Salma thrvetion man kajabke called last years epidemic of ebola the tip of the iceberg. This is what he told me. I think ebola has shown us that if you an outbreak in one part of the world and its the result of the degradation of their health care system, you see it all over the world. You cant see somebody pumping carbon in one part of the world and elsewhere. There is a more nuanced ali. If you look back at the 1980s donor countries ours being one of them, especially subsaharan africa, liberia, sierra leone, to cut back on their Health Systems, a lot of our loans were linked to people cutting back on social sector spending. Liberia for example was paying 7 per year on year. And that dropped to 1. The World Health Organization was recommending people intend 30 to 35. And in the u. S. We were spending 1800 per person. As can you imagine there was a lot of divestment trt Health System. Are you saying it is the fault of the donor countries . These countries needed loans and there was a lot of crisis in the world as far as economic crisis of the 1980s. So the loans were contingent on us encouraging them to cut back their Health Sectors, and they did. And the result of the weak Health Sectors has been that they have been unable to deliver care. Obviously theres fault at the countries also it takes two to tango but i think the donor countries helped not spend a lot on health services, it becomes very difficult to identify whether an outbreak is happening and even more difficult to outbreak. Talking about local Human Resources awell. You cited another example the crux of your article is about tuberculosis not ebola and you talk about tuberculosis delivery. World Health Organization says tb targets around tb are set to hit their Millenium Development goals as set out by the u. N. Why do you say its a failure . Well, the situation with tb ali is really dismal. This is a disease that has been treatable since 1967. About 60 years. Yet every year we estimate people get active disease, get very sick with the disease. A million of the people are children. Half a million get very highly drug resistant strains of the disease that are very hard to treat. Even though weve had a problem for many years, 1. 5 million die each year of the disease. Its a dismal situation. We have treated it in other parts of the world. And in fact we dont think about tb as being an illness around here, although you do point out in your article in the 80s tb was in fact reaching proportions in the United States that they are at at a in india. Where is this problem with tb . Well, so you bring up the example of new york. If you look at new york in the late 80s there was this outbreak, harlem actually had the same levels as india. We have known how to treat the disease since 1987. You actually have to identify the people around them that have been exposed you have to put the right Health System infrastructure in place to deliver care to these people the people exposed and the people sick. So theres you know maybe three or four things that you have to do but they actually have to be done together. And what new york did is it put together these three or four things, gave people the right medicines, built the right laboratories and identified the right people, but it still didnt give up until the epidemic was stopped and it was stopped. That is not the case in many parts of the world. Many poor countries, outside the western world countries have been advised to really do the minimum and that is to only treat active cases when they show up at a doctor. Like to borrow a car analogy like you want to have a full functioning car but youre only spending fluff time to fix one tire. Ebola, which methods as manifests as a horrible disease, if you are only treating cases that you know about, people can be spreading it. In new york they mapped out places where the active cases were, and they gave medicine prophylactic medicine so they wouldnt get sick. Of course, this is basic epidemic control. This isnt Rocket Science. In fact if it was Rocket Science it would be done because the countries that have the most tb often have rockets. No kidding. You bring an interesting point up that because some of these countries have rockets, you talk about russia, you talk about india, the bricks countries really you say there are certain countries that should take the lead rather than the u. N. Or the World Health Organization why. Youve mentioned bricks countries, india, china, brazil, south africa, these countries are at the cuttings edge theyre economies are growing, they have a lot of workers that are moving into new areas of the economy and you look at Something Like tb. Tb is a disease that is the result of poverty. Poor housing, poor nutrition and of course the presence of the bacteria. But of course it is the driver of poverty. People you know in the prime of their lives do get sick. Sick. If you are untreated 85 of the people die. So it leads to death if people arent treated properly and on time. And so it has a huge economic impact. So the bricks countries cant afford that. I think theyre kind of at the point where they can really push innovation in this area. Now why not look to the u. N. For this . I think you know if you look at the u. N. Over the last few years and really the w. H. O, you have a situation where theyve given really bad advice to countries. Tuberculosis is one example, col cholera, the cholera outbreak in haiti, people could actually do this and there wouldnt be an outcome. I think now, people can see standard people can access the best standard of care by looking at the internet. Countries of their own academies of sciences have guilds of people that can come together and say no, we actually want a good standard of care. I think when you put the two together, some of the bigger countries like the bricks countries and the fact that the world has changed, puts them into a situation where they want the best for the population and arent eager to have second class health care. Doctor thank you for joining us. Thanks ali. The head of ray renaultnissan joins us. Al jazeera america, weekday mornings. Catch up on what happened overnight with a full morning brief. Get a first hand look with indepth reports and investigations. Start weekday mornings with Al Jazeera America. Open your eyes to a world in motion. Reports of the death of the electric car have been highly exaggerated. But last year electrics represented less than one half of 1 of the 16 and a half million cars sold in the u. S. So far sales of the all electric nissan leaf are down 15 for the year after rising 34 last year. Nevertheless, auto giants are racing to beat tesla to create the First Electric cars that are able to travel up to 200 miles per charming. I recently took a drive with the chairman and kerry of Renault Nissan los gohn, around new york. I think you should have autonomous driving before you, its not a question of only technology but also you have to accommodate the regulator, the regulator has to be comfortable with allowing the driver to take his hands off the wheel. And insurers are going to have to and the opinion of the insurers, thats why its taking so much 00. Lets talk a little bit about electric cars. Yes. I think last year electric cars were less than one half of the 16. 5 million cars sold in the United States. Where do you think this is going to play . What percentage will they ultimately make up . Look, well, it depends country by country. I would say depends country by country and depends particularly in the speed at which youre going to have a charging infrastructure installed into the country. This becomes more and more the critical issue. Because the cost of the cars are going down. And the cost of the technology is going down. And you have more and more car makers coming in. Part of the problem is that people who like the idea are still worried about, what they call range anxiety. Look, the range anxiety is infrastructure anxiety. Im going to tell you ali, you bought many cars in your life. Yes. I did also before becoming a car maker. I never asked myself the question the range because you have a gas station. You going to have a gas station all over the place. So range anxious ielt is anxiety is not an issue when theres a charging station all over the place. Obviously we need to improve the range but were not going to solve the problem of range anxiety if we dont have the adequate infrastructure for charging. The day you have the charging infrastructure, this becomes less of an issue. Right. Okay . So thats why i think no matter how much range youll have in the car, as long as you dont have charging infrastructures, this range anxiety will not be eliminated. Whats your sense of the effect of Global Oil Prices on the electric car . Well, look, obviously, the more the price of oil goes down, the more youre creating head winds and the more the price of oil goes up the more youre creating tail winds for electric cars, okay . So the price of oil is unpredictable. You dont know. What you can predict is the fact that the regulations on emission is going to get tougher. Thats without any doubt. I dont think anybody reasonable is going to forecast. Sure. That emissions are going to get looser in the future. Correct. We know theyre going to get tougher. And you know if they get tougher theres not any way anybody is going to meet them without the sales eruption. Is the sales of electric car satisfactory for today. For today. But if i try to project myself four, five years down the road with what has already been decided by the u. S. Government im going to need to sell much more electric cars in order to meet the regulation. Imagine a world in which every kid has access to the ivy league, cars drive themselves, most annoy answers ances are handled by machine. Meet the man in the forefront of making that happen in your lifetime. The changes we see in ten, 15 years ask going to look small compared to whats going to happen in the next ten, 15 years. And were going to actually reach that point that utopian world that we all dreamed about as kids. Americas first climate refugees this is probably a hurricane away from it being gone. Whos to blame . 36 of land lost was caused by oil and gas industry. And a fight to save americas coastline. We have kinda made a deal with the devil fault lines Al Jazeera Americas hard hitting. Today they will be arrested. Ground breaking. Theyre firing canisters of gas at us. Award winning investigative documentary series. The disappearing delta only on Al Jazeera America part of Al Jazeera Americas special month long evironmental focus fragile planet wornborn in mumbai. Vivek ronadive, what he has in store next that made me seek him out in his home court in sacramento. As much changes as weve seen in the last ten or 15 years its going to look small in whats in the next ten or 15 years. And were going to actually reach that point that utopian world that we all dreamed of as kids where machines do all the work. So in ten or 15 years 85 of all medical diagnosis will be by machines driving by cars will not be a novelty, youll be printing out things in your own homes through 3d printers. So theres going to be unprecedented changes and a lot of it is going to take away high valueadded jobs. And so we also have to think about what does University Treatment look like. Do we need a campus, do we need a four year degree . Is it Continuous Education . So how do we reconcile this tremendous change where a few will greatly benefit from it but how do we share that with everybody else . And i think those answers, we dont know yet. But it will have to be a dislocation in the Education System. I think there will be things that well all love in ten or 15 years. Every kid on the planet will have access to an ivy league education, in ten or 15 years. Ill just worry about what theyll train to do. What jobs will there be . This is an interesting part of your background. You come from india, bifurcation, there are wealthy smart highly educated indians and poor indians. We have more people out of poverty having them earn more india is going the right direction but the problem is like most of the developing world, bifurcated. It is not the case in america, certainly becoming the case. If you are wealthier in this country you are getting richer and if youre not youre not getting ahead. Who are the innovators who will offset i would disagree with you on that last staple ali respect friday. I dont think its the wealthy that are getting wealthier, it is on the people that are on the right side of the 21st century who get the right kind of education and apply themselves in ways that they can leverage that education. So i think its about having the right tools and the right skills to be able to flourish in civilization 3. 0 world. But clearly, there will be dislocation and there willing challenges and i do believe at this time it will be harder than what we saw with the Industrial Revolution. Because were talking about replacing some of the most high valueadded jobs. To be fair the Industrial Revolution displaced people who are highly skilled workers. It was understandable. It was a clear path through now you dont have that. What do you tell kids should they be engineers now . What i tell kids is that they should learn how to think. And they should you know learn its important to have both a left brain and a right brain education. Because youre going to have to be able to connect the dots and youre going to have to be able to think outside the box. And i like to say that you know, when the market cap of apple finally surpassed the Market Capital of microsoft, that my friend steve had finally won. And that the right brain had actually overtaken the left brain. So it was an engineer was just a poet a engineer was an artist. You need engineers but you also need artists. You are not going to worry about the society that you all moved away from . I cant say im not worried. I think im an optimist so i believe that our Education System will evolve. And how we approach jobs will evolve.