Police were called to a home in Hornsey shortly after 6 o'clock last night following reports of a fight a man's been arrested on suspicion of murder and studies finds that grandmother killer whales a boost the survival chances of their grandchildren Researchers say the rates are even higher at the grandmother's already gone through the metal poles and a festive themed buying C's appeared in Birmingham the artwork features a homeless man on a bench being pulled by 2 reindeer painted on a brick wall Shabnam has a sport Arsenal were a goal down for an hour at West Ham when they suddenly sprang to life unschooled 3 times in 9 minutes to win a 31 it's a 1st victory in 3 Premier League games in the interim manager Freddie Ljungberg and ends a run of 9 games without a win in all competitions Abbots in a considering Shanghai boss Vito Pereira as the permanent replacement for the Sox Marco Silva the club moved out of the relegation zone after a $31.00 win over Chelsea and they can take a Boston conservatism the head of the u.s. Anti Doping Agency is criticised water for only giving Russia a 4 year ban from major sporting events but what is president's a Craig really is defended the length of the punishment saying they also needed to protect Russia's clean athletes who will be able to compete and are a neutral flag if they can prove their untainted by the doping scandal and in golf Rory McILROY has ruled out competing in next month's European Tour event in Saudi Arabia despite being offered a large appearance fee he said 100 percent there's a morality to it on that decision to miss the sound international this is b.b.c. Radio 5 Live on digital the b.b.c. Sounds small streak. In the weather forecast and dry and chilly night for most but rain is expected for parts of the Northwest later on the day had will be windy with rain pushing east across most of the u.k. Highs of the 13 in Edinburgh and 12 in London available now on b.b.c. Sounds. It's time to put another cast from the world of music under the spotlight by gases from heating to Travis musical thinkers in art form simplicity is actually . Through the phone use it works what makes the hairs as I'm stuck on the finish I would be able to break 100 records by. Police hopefully never assume the Ice Palace . Whatever else we can say about. Drawing to a close. Just from the u.n. World Meteorological Association. That make this the warmest decade since record keeping began in the mid 19th century in the past 5 years since 2015 the hottest on record temperature of 38.7 degrees south. Of the Cambridge tonic garden never taken in the u.k. Was warming like this come floods and a promising new technique being tried out in Scotland suggest are substantial and sudden flooding flash flooding might be for a cost in the future. Well as we've been hearing 2 British women are among the 30 people injured by a volcanic eruption on quite a island off the coast of New Zealand 5 people are believed to be dead and another 8 are unaccounted for this is what Stuart Coburn from the local ambulance service told reporters earlier majority injuries blastoff injuries. A number of us persons were critical. For cawed very intensive care at the hospital and then with transported a number of patients to other hospitals and he still was believed the other victims were from a strain of the United States China and Malaysia and this is what Prime Minister Scott Morrison said it has been a very difficult day I have been speaking with Prime Minister returned and the news we feed would be very difficult and it is proving to be sorrow. Is to die there with 24 stridency enjoying a wonderful cruise. In New Zealand taking in those sots together enjoying life a peaceful tone of the 24 strides we've been awful to ascertain I've been on and this morning that 13 of those strident hospitalized across multiple hospitals in New Zealand. There are 11 astride that is still unaccounted for. And that we fear of the 5 a deceased persons that 3 of those up to 3. Are strides but that is not yet confirmed Well that was Scott Morrison joining us now from Radio New Zealand has called him peacock a local and. Well a very hard day for everybody that's been there almost exactly 24 hours since the volcano erupted. The Sachin rescue proceeding. Well fairly slowly as we heard yesterday even some hours after the eruption in the 1st arrival back of people who'd been rescued from the island and the distribution of victims to hospitals around the North Island were some frustration that the police were saying the island was still too dangerous to talk so can pass too hot for police and rescue us to visit so darkness fell some 7 or 8 hours later and no one had been able to go to the island today the police were able to get vessels close to there to launch drones and helicopters and other aircraft to have a look we believe at least one or 2 police officers here and search and rescue people have been able to see it for and have a look around but the message that's been coming back is the same as it was yesterday late yesterday before it got completely dark and it was no signs of life at all so we're kind of stuck with those casualties figures and in people now trying to make sure that the survivors and the victims here have the best chance in the hospitals where they've been distributed amongst them Boone's units around the country to make sure they get the best care where where the survivors actually taken from how much do we need nor know about what happened. Well there are 2 groups travel by boat on one of the main 2 a companies who apparently often operate 3 boats so one boat load had been up in. The one the 1st group of tourists were the ones that were captured on the webcam writing on the island as being very close to the cry to like when the eruption happened the 1st group in fact had already completed their tour and were down at the boat ramp so they were the ones who were able to rescue a few people bring them back and then make a return journey some helicopter pilots from the volcanic air service in the way spec rescue helicopter that's the one that does a lot of the medical evacuations to and from hospitals they sprang into action and were able to risk you some people as well so the 1st boat that came in yesterday was apparently came in quite quite sedately and the evacuation was orderly The 2nd one with I think the badly injured people arrived at pase in covered in ash so that was obviously more more dramatic So at the moment they've distributed the victims among hospital from little more nor Clint further down to the Heart Hospital which is close to the south of the North Island quite a distance away to make sure that they get the best of care and albeit Boone's units in the specialist treatment that's available there. And how did they actually proceed with it was it a huge eruption at the beginning or did it build up. No it was a said to be spared and almost instantaneous it was described by the specialist as a throat clearing outburst from from the mountain So initially they experts said this is likely to be followed by a period of query since so they weren't initially worried about a bad repeat or eruptions or intensification of it but since then they've analyzed some of the data and they do say there's a $5050.00 chance that the d.n.a. It's beautiful can all a jackal serve us a 5050 chance of a further eruption within 24 hours though whether that's a strong as the one we saw yesterday or not we don't know and in fact the experts have been a pains to stress that this wasn't a large eruption on the scale of things an effect on their one to 5 scale they rated at a 4 with 5 being the top and the ash fall pretty much confined to over the island itself and the surrounding sea and it's about 48 to 50 kilometers to the nearest point on shore and although they initially issued warnings to people to stay away from the shore and be aware of of ashfall of sincere look at that seems to be contained over the island itself. But the questions now being asked about absolute is an activity over recent weeks and specifically on the 18th of November where the alert was raised from one to 2 and one of the 2 a company's bacon June appointed extra tour guides to operate his kind of forward scouts that would send them out before taking the tour groups out just to look for signs of anything or any extra activity at the crater lake So questions are now being asked about whether really given an upsurge of volcanic activity the tourist should have been going on at all and all this the prime minister says will be looked at in time and a full inquiry. And there are other other volcanoes where we know it's on the Ring of Fire column but other other volcanoes that are as active as this one while there are and they haven't been any major eruptions that have activated the National Emergency Management System but just as recently as 996 Mt grew up a Who which is a major tourist location one of 3 of those big volcanic cones in the central North Island not too far away from the Bay of Plenty where White Island are situated off the shore there was a serious eruption back in 1906 some people were injured there and after that they had to build new channels to take lava and what they called the flows off the mountain and make sure they went away from safety in the ski fields on the same tour of populations there so it's certainly as you say on the ring of fire it's an ever present danger the serious major eruptions though a so rare that I guess it was considered safe risky or. An acceptable risk to run tourism to White Island so all that's going to be looked at in this inquiry and just keep people on their toes there's been a 5.3 earthquake just south of good has been which again not too far away on the East Cape of north of the North Island about 2 and a half hours ago now the experts a genius say that it's not related but it certainly hasn't done anything to soothe the news of people in that part of the country Colleen Many many thanks. What we heard call and say there that the level was raised in the middle of November and we can hear more about how these things are managed from Dr Janine crip Who's of all can all just on the line from Washington hello Dr Crippen our l.a. Hello you very good now you've you've obviously studied some of New Zealand's volcanoes . Colin said that the level was raised in the Bengal of November what would have been the reason for that yes sir genius uses a different technology is a fine to pick method to actually study the volcanoes and look for changes and activity so if one or more stores are showing an increase in activity they'll pay more attention and being a little can be raised to indicate that the activity is above normal levels so that's what happened here so and in this case that they raised they raise the alert level this is not like some talons which for weeks before. Being studied us back in 1980 and in the state of Washington was being studied as a place where there was quite likely going to be a major volcanic eruption correctness is very very different with Mount St Helens there was a lot of. Information telling the vulcanologist at the time that magma was making its way toward the surface and that's not the case yet this was a very different father option much much smaller. Very very different the warning signs are different and. Just are just part of. Different scenarios this is much smaller the activity with much larger. Under Sonisphere. Could still I mean it shot up in the 12000 feet and you know cause catastrophic injuries to the people who were on the rim of the volcano. This is where it gets you know it gets tendentious doesn't it because you say well how come your way are climbing up the rim of the volcano when the thing erupted but but this isn't it's not restricted to New Zealand you know people going for a good close look at a volcano. Oh absolutely not and you know it doesn't take as a corruption to be catastrophic and you can have larger options but don't impact people so it really depends on what people and our infrastructure and the way and when what health products of the option but we live around Ok is all around the world there are over 800000000 people living within 100 kilometers of O'Kane is around the world there are a lot of benefit tourism as we see here agriculture there beautiful places and live off of resources so there are many many positives the bouquets but every now and again we get surprised by eruptions like the more options that have been and the impacts that just heartbreaking. What there have been any warning in the the half an hour before the eruption to place with the bread any rumblings writing of that sort and I don't know. I'm sure will be analyzing everything very very closely but that'll be a question today in what they've had a chance to look back on and in a case like that it's perfectly well I wouldn't say normal but it's it's understood that a volcano can just go off but it doesn't have to make any kind of initial shuddering or anything. Has a rupture that I've driven by magma rising to the center but there are a lot more warning. Ructions are driven by being in there are building pressure under a volcano. But the magma pushing its way through the rock every finger and causing the Dome of the lookout for steam driven eruptions that Christianity quietly building until it breaks reaches a breaking point. And would this volcano have been they well studied. Absolutely g.n.a.s. And researchers in New Zealand take on a great job working on the opener understanding it and monitoring it and this goes to show us that even with the best finance and the well wanted of Ok you know is that the prices you still have the. Door to Janine Crippen or thank you very much for talking to us thank you while you may have heard the term supermassive black holes and new findings seem to say that super massive black holes in space may not be as massive as were once thought a group of astronomers think that the way we measure them is wrong and that they could be more powerful well as find out what Professor Aron Carra who is an astronomer at mit the Massachusetts Institute of Technology can tell us Hello Professor Carr I ride Thanks for having me on the show good good to have you with us. Supermassive black holes mean what distinguishes a super massive black hole the way that people think about it conventionally. That's right yes so there are kind of 2 classes of black holes as we know of them in the universe there are what we call stellar mass black holes these are the black the the small black holes that that are produced through a supernova explosion when a massive star explodes and collapses into a black hole just to do its own the strong gravity of this you know the massive previously massive star and that produces a black hole that's maybe $10.00 to $20.00 times the mass of the sun something around that order of magnitude but then on the other side of the spectrum there are these huge black holes that we call super massive black holes that said as a center is of most if not all galaxies and they range in mass from around a 1000000 times the mass of the sun to a 1000000000 or even 10000000000 times the mass of the sun that's a huge difference of scale listen to them even if you're just doing zeros or to the power of it it's a big big difference Absolutely yeah it's a it's a huge question in astrophysics right now how do you grow a super massive black hole in the 1st place if the only way that we really know how to make a black hole is through this supernova explosion and the collapse of a massive star how do you go from something that's 10 times the mass of the sun to 10000000000 times the mass of the sun and we don't really understand the details behind that and then the other question is why don't we see any intermediate masses between that that those 2 huge ranges these are big low pressure. Or a kind of middle sized barriers were. When you talked about them being the center of every almost every galaxy if we got one of the middle of Argo except. We do it's called Sagittarius a star and it's because it's close you know when you look towards the constellation Sagittarius that's the set towards the center of our galaxy and that black hole is $4000000.00 times the mass of the sun. Forebode. And do they have a different I mean because they're so strong they have different characteristics to regular black holes actually what's interesting is that the stellar mass black holes behave in in very similar ways to the super massive black holes and in that sometimes we see them. Feeding on a lot of material and like in the case of a super massive black hole that's hot gas from the surrounding galaxy and in the case of a stellar mass black hole sometimes you see stellar mass black holes that get into a binary system with a normal star like our sun and it can pull off to real from that star over time but what's interesting is that in both of these cases the stellar mass black hole with you know binary system and the super massive black hole in sitting at the center of a galaxy they both have form what we call accretion disks of material that's kind of swirling towards the center of the black hole and and they behave in actually very similar ways surprisingly similar ways just an on extremely different sized scales. Let me ask about this new way of measuring or winning a super massive black hole can you explain it in layman's terms. Yeah so this is one this is a problem or something that's very challenging for astronomers is to to measure the mass of a black hole now the the mass of of the black hole at the center of our galaxy Sagittarius a star is actually very early well measured because we have telescopes because because that black hole is just so close to us. And we can actually resolve the trajectories of individual stars near the center of our galaxy and we can map out how they're moving around. Some you know dark object and because we can map out the trajectory and the velocity of those stars then we can infer with the mass of our black hole at the center of our galaxy is and it gets a little bit harder when you talk about the super massive black holes that other galaxies because it's they're too far away you can't resolve the trajectories of individual stars but we use the bulk motions of stars at the centers of galaxies to kind of try and infer the masses of the central black hole. It's like looking at a footprint to try to figure out what size of a passion made that footprint Exactly yeah so will this mean that the size of these super massive black holes is revised downwards is that something that you're now seeing So one of the interesting things that this. That this paper is is taking on is you know the the. The best ways that we have for measuring the masses of black holes is when those black holes have lots of material. Accreting on to the black hole when when there's lots of material getting close to the black hole then we have the best chance of measuring the mass of that black hole but most black holes in the universe don't have a lot of material accreting on to them about 90 percent of the black holes that we see don't have a lot of that material and so it's harder to measure the masses of those galaxies and what this paper is suggesting is that they've they've. Proposed a new technique for measuring the masses of these. What we call quiescent galaxies this 90 percent of galaxies of black holes that don't have a lot of material around them and what their study suggests is that those that you know from this new analysis is that the that the super massive black hole holes are are less massive than than what we previously had thought I would say though that when we study individual black holes and these ones that have lots of material around them and they. It's isn't looked like there's anythi