longer—term strategies for african countries to cope with these shifts but that's not going to help in the short term. flat but that's not going to help in the short term-— but that's not going to help in the short term. ., short term. not in the medium-term as well because _ short term. not in the medium-term as well because russia _ short term. not in the medium-term as well because russia is _ short term. not in the medium-term as well because russia is a _ short term. not in the medium-term as well because russia is a massive l as well because russia is a massive producer— as well because russia is a massive producer of— as well because russia is a massive producer of fertilisers. along with belarus _ producer of fertilisers. along with belarus who were also subject to sanctions — belarus who were also subject to sanctions. both these countries have threatened _ sanctions. both these countries have threatened to prohibit their fertiliser exports. if this happens, then other— fertiliser exports. if this happens, then other countries will not be able _ then other countries will not be able to— then other countries will not be able to replenish their crops or plant _ able to replenish their crops or plant more crops and high yield varieties — plant more crops and high yield varieties which will then offset the shortfall — varieties which will then offset the shortfall. and then you end up a situation — shortfall. and then you end up a situation where the middle east and north— situation where the middle east and north african countries again struggle to get hold of their resources and they will struggle to diversify — resources and they will struggle to diversi . . ~ resources and they will struggle to diversi . ., ,, , ., resources and they will struggle to diversi . ., ~' , ., , resources and they will struggle to diversi . ., ,, , . diversify. thank you very much indeed for _ diversify. thank you very much indeed forjoining _ diversify. thank you very much indeed forjoining us _ diversify. thank you very much indeed forjoining us and - diversify. thank you very much indeed forjoining us and we i indeed forjoining us and we appreciate you helping us through that story.