against this particular variant. that takes time. some of that's laboratory studies where they will take this variant, omicron, put it in -- into a -- a petri dish with the vaccine and basically see how well the -- the antibodies neutralize the virus. they are also going to be following real-time data in hospitals and tracking cases as they are in south africa. they are going to be doing that all over the world. but this is just going to take some time. i -- i think what i -- when i hear all these comments from these vaccine makers, i think one of the consensus is that there is probably protection that is still offered certainly by these vaccines. so, they're still very effective. the booster would make them even more effective because you are generating more antibodies. but this -- this virus appears to be different, and may require a -- a different booster at some point in the future. >> dr. wen, though, i mean, you know, one scientist in south africa who raised alarms about this had said that the cases she had seen were -- were mild.