next day for strategic reasons, mutual interests, convergence, such as for example trying to force western troops out of afghanistan. and you also have to remember that isis-k are made up of individuals from both pakistan and afghanistan. they are ethnic, tribal clan lineages with the taliban. so it is a much more murkier nexus than perhaps looking at it from a black and white perspective. >> yeah, that's fascinating. i guess when it comes to this attack, tactically it achieves exactly what isis likes to do -- american casualties primarily but also chaos on the ground. what else might isis-k be looking to do, and what does this attack suggest about its reach and capability in afghanistan? >> well, if we look at some of the attacks that they have carried out over the last year, you mentioned the attack on the