Location in which they emit sound from their nose or mouth and listen for the echo that bounces back to create a map of their surroundings. Their oversized ears also help. Some have such sensitive hearing they can detect the sound of an insect landing on a leaf. It depends on the species. Some bats spend their lives alone. Others will mate for life. Some where he gets to mate with all of them. But they have their own sort of likings in mind. They will sometimes cheat with nearby males from other colonies. There is a whole soap opera going on with bats. Bat mothers are excellent mothers. Imagine having a baby that weighed a quarter of what you weigh and the baby holds on to the nipple with her teeth as she flies around. I weigh about 200 pounds. The equivalent if i took a 50pound weight and went for a run. It is incredible what the mothers do. Wow. That is a visual that will be with me for a while, dan. Lls 99. And then, even after multiple touches, keeps killing bacteria for 24 hours. I trust microban 24 to keep killing bacteria for 24hours. New fixodent ultra dual power provides you with an unbeatable hold and strong seal against food infiltrations. Fixodent. And forget it. Did you know prilosec otc can stobefore it begins . Urn heartburn happens when stomach acid refluxes into the esophagus. Prilosec otc uses a unique delayedrelease formula that helps it pass through the tough stomach acid. It then works to turn down acid production, blocking heartburn at the source. With just one pill a day, you get 24hour heartburn protection. Prilosec otc. One pill a day, 24 hours, zero heartburn. North america alone there are 46 different species of bats, most are small insect eating varieties. But in the southeastern parts of the United States and in particular in texas there is an abundance of one species. The bat is believed to be home to the single largest colony of bats in the world. Every year during the spring and the summer there is like 30 million bats in the cave. In the cave in the summer. So many bats the local weather stations use their Doppler Radar and see the cloud of bats coming out and spreading out to catch insects. It takes hours for them. There are so many of them that basically from where they are sleeping. They go the same way each time . Yes. In an ecosystem what role do bats have . A critical key component. For instance insect eating bats, because they consume so many insects, they fill a large role in killing insect population. A normally sized bat can eat up to 500 mosquitoes in an hour. If you are in an area where there are a lot of mosquitoes and see bats at night you should be thankful. Absolutely. It translates into big money saved by agriculture. The mexican bat in texas each huge numbers of moths protecting the corn crops of the region. People estimated the Financial Impact of bats on the u. S. Economy they are worth over 1 billion every year in terms of how many pesticides we dont need to use and how much food we get. Pest control is not bats only contribution to the ecosystem. The droppings of fruit eating bats help to disperse seeds and regenerate trees and plants previously cut down. That is not the only benefit. Bat droppings are really good for crops and there are all kinds of stories about the caves in the United States being harvested for fertilizer and explosive for the civil war. Muzzles on these long nosed bats are designed to fit perfectly inside the cactus blossoms, blossoms that only open at night. Agave, that is pollinated by bats . Exactly. Who does not love tequilla, right. That should be reason enough for people to love bats. Despite the millions of bats, in north america over the last decade and a half bat populations have been plummeting because of an outbreak they have been fighting of a disease called white nose syndrome. A fungus that grows on the bats when they hi ber nate in the winter time and unfortunately it affected on the order of a dozen different species and in some cases populations declined over 90 . An different species and in some cases populations declined over 90 . The fungus that causes the disease is identical to fungus that naturally occurs in europe. The thought is that it was brought over by people and accidentally introduced to bat caves. While we are fighting a virus that potentially came to us from bats, bats are fighting a disease that potentially came to them from us. In fact no north american bats are known to have covid19. Among bat researchers, there is a concern that humans will give covid19 to bats. Jef emerging infectious di can go both ways. We know other animals can get covid19 like the tigers at the bronx zoo. Most research involving handling of bats across the u. S. Is on hold because humans are the potentially bigger threat to bats. Ever since i got this little guy, i felt like i was just constantly cleaning up his hair. Then, i got my paws on the swiffer sweeper. Its a game changer. These heavy duty dry cloths pick up a crazy amount of hair this is all you. We stopped cleaning and started swiffering. A lot of folks ask me why their dishwasher doesnt get everything clean. I tell them, it may be your detergent. Thats why more dishwasher brands recommend cascade platinum. With the soaking, scrubbing and rinsing built right in. For sparklingclean dishes, the first time. Cascade platinum. Or psoriatic arthritis, Little Things can become your big moment. Thats why theres otezla. Otezla is not an injection or a cream. Its a pill that treats differently. For psoriasis, 75 clearer skin is achievable, with reduced redness, thickness, and scaliness of plaques. For psoriatic arthritis, otezla is proven to reduce joint swelling, tenderness, and pain. 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The only officially authorized Wireless Network for first responders. For membership of us when we think of bats we think of one thing, rabies. The threat from the virus is often misunderstood. It is not very common for americans to get rabies. In any given year there is anywhere from zero to one to two people that might be infected from rabies and bats or foxes or raccoons or skunks. Rabies have been around for 2,000 years and for most of the time if you got it, it was a death sentence. Without treatment it is 99. 9 deadly. One of the big problems in europe and the u. S. Used to be wild, rabid dogs. Medical experts developed a lot of odd ideas about how you would cure these. They used to believe that one way to stop rabies from killing you is to take a hair from the tail of the rabid dog and insert it into the bite wound and this is the origin of the phrase hair of the dog which we talk about in the context of hang over treatment. The vaccine worked. Most of the cases in the United States do come from bats but the risk is low. So, unless you see a bat behaving strangely, moving around during the day in a runny way, more than likely the bat wont be a risk to an individual. Okay. Im coming. Im coming. Joseph spends a lot of time answering questions about rabies because he spends every day around bats. There you go. It is more fascinating with you all. Come on. You are going to take what you want. Go ahead. They all have their favorites, of course. Known as new jerseys batman he became fascinated with bats as a young boy. My father was a nightclub and a restaurant and bar owner and i was destined to be nocturnal and i would often accompany my father to work. Often i would go outside before sundown and i would see the animals flying around the street lights. And my father pointed them out to me and said those are bats. He quickly became obsessed and passed many childhood days in the bronx zoo oogling these feared creatures. Felt like the animals that i was seeing in person was not matching the description that people were giving me. Around the world bats are a sign of good luck. Fertility and growth, everything you think of bats are the opposite of what they are considered here in america. The batman became the showman, the lead singer of an 80s glam metal band, roxx. We were pretty much active at night and sleeping during the day. In the early 90s after attending a lecture on bats he decided to change careers. I started to get more and more into the idea of doing something for Something Else other than myself. The rock star thing. But the bat thing, these guys need help. He decided to leave the rock world behind and start to work as an advocate for bats. He goes to the side and cleans underneath the wing. He became a person that studies bats and opened up the Wildlife Conservation and Education Center in new jersey. This is claudia. Claudia is usually pretty tolerant of being handled. Each bat has a different personality and a different look to them. One of his goals is to make people less afraid of bats and because of that he purposely chose to feature bats native to africa, asia and australia, known as the flying foxes. They are more attractive and appealing to people. They just really are much easier to use as educational subjects and to get peoples fears reversed. They are using their wings as a builtin blanket. He has been part of a Larger Movement taking place, teaching people why the creatures should be protected and not feared. We are all here for one purpose and target and direction. That is to help the animals and to help people understand why the animals need our assistance. They are so much like us. They are different looking and colors and sizes and shapes, different importances and jobs they do. I keep going back to that is what i think at the end of the day makes me love them so much. They are like people. When life gets back to normal, go outside and look up and go and find some bats. You doing okay . Yeah. This moving thing never gets any easier. Well, xfinity makes moving super easy. I can transfer my internet and tv service in about a minute. Wow, that is easy. Almost as easy as having those guys help you move. We are those guys. Thats you . The truck adds 10 pounds. In the arms. Okay. Transfer your Service Online in a few easy steps. Now thats simple, easy, awesome. Transfer your service in minutes, making moving with xfinity a breeze. Visit xfinity. Com moving today. Every year, we, as a species, encroach deeper and deeper into bat habitat and those of other wild creatures. Exposing ourselves to new and dangerous viruses. With the dramatic increase in travel, a rise in global trade, were now capable of spreading those viruses, far and wide. Scientists warn that what weve created is the perfect storm for a new pandemic. We are, without a doubt, going to see more epidemics, like covid19 or, perhaps, worse, unless we really change the way that were interacting with our environment. The first major epidemic of the 21st century was sars, in 2003. Other outbreaks, quickly, followed. 2009, it was h1n1 or swine flu. 2012, mers, middle east respiratory syndrome. Then, the large Ebola Outbreak in 2014. Zika virus in 2015. And now, covid19. Theyre increasing in frequency. Theyre coming quicker. Theyre going to spread quicker. Theyre going to infect more people, and theyre going to cause more economic damage because we rely on that globalized economy, more and more each year. In a lab nearly 6,500 miles from wuhan, researchers in berkeley, california, are looking to bats to find clues on how to help humans fight coronaviruses like covid19. I think, in a way, theres actually a lot we can learn from bats. This group of animals thats been around for millions of years. How can we look at their history with viruses, and take that knowledge and think about therapeutics and treatments for ourselves . What is it about bats that allows some of them to host these viruses, without showing any illness . Thats the question that cara brook is trying to answer. Brook began studying bats in madagascar in 2012. She and her colleagues are investigating how the bats immunity keeps them safe from harm. Ive always been fascinated by bats, as host sources of Infectious Diseases that transmit to humans. In the case of certain bat species, they appear to be perpetually primed to fight viral infection. Desiscientists believe that understanding can help develop a human battle plan for fighting these diseases, on a global scale. Its an opportunity. What is it about the bats, metabolis metabolism or physiology . That might actually hold an answer for treating virus. If bats can handle viruses at a much higher load than humans can, lets find out why and use that. Brook and her team infected bats with two different viruses. Then, they watched as the viruses spread and the bat cells mounted a strong defense. Different than what would happen with humans. When a virus infects a cell, your immune response will recruit immune cells to the site to try and clear that infection. And the signal to all sorts of cells that have not become infected, a virus is here, turn on your defense system. And typically, this manifests as inflammation. In humans, inflammation, oftentimes in the form of fever or swelling, helps fight infection. But too much or inflammation that goes on for too long can do more harm than good. It can even cause death. Typically, more than half of the damage that results in disease tends to be the damage of the immune system attacking the host, itself. And we call that immu immunopathology. When your defense goes overboard, thats how starts. It seems that bats are able to mount robust immune responses, but not experience that inflammation. Some bat species are actually missing the genes that we, and other mammals, have that trigger the inflammatory process. The same adaptation, also, favor them to carry virus. It doesnt appear that they get sick or very sick when theyre carrying viruses that can be deadly in other people and animals. So, could studying bat immunology help us, humans, create possible treatments to fight this current and future pandemic . What do you think is the greatest challenge, in terms of finding a treatment or cure . Well, to my mind, the greatest challenge is the number of unknown viruses out there. We think there are about 1. 7 million viruses of the type that can get into people. We got to find out what they are out there. Get vaccines that affect not just the ones we know about but the ones were discovering now. Bats already contribute to research that can one day be helpful to humans. Theyve been studied to see how they combat aging because they tend to live longer than other mammals their size. Research on bats is also helping the fight against cancer. Scientists are trying to understand why bats dont develop tumors, like other mammals. And now, the possibility that they could help us fight current and future coronaviruses. People are working on vaccines. Theyre working on drugs. Thats what were looking for. And i see it as an opportunity. Many people are surprised by the physiological similarities between bats and humans. And the information that we may be able to extract from that. In addition to the antiaging and Cancer Research studies, scientists have also been looking into the saliva of vampire bats. Its got special bloodthinning agents, which helps them syphon off their victims blood. In the meantime, researchers agree that its our job to protect these extraordinary creatures and their habitats. Because, as we learned from the covid19 pandemic, if we dont protect them, were actually putting ourselves at risk. Thanks for watching. Good night. Pandemic or not, the celebration goes ahead. Chairs zip tied together and face masks are optional as donald trump stood in the shadow of some of the famous predecessors at mt. Rushmore tonight. Also, the girlfriend of donald trump jr. And a top fundraiser for the Trump Campaign tests positive for coronavirus. What the Trump Campaign has said to cnn. Also. Every time, they take a potshot at us, theyre figuring us out. The big one comes, ill have us dialed in. It was one of the worst attacks of u. S. Troops in the war in afghanistan. A movie telling the story of that fierce battle releases this weekend, and well tell you about cnns connection to tthe outpost. Hello and welcome to cnn newsroom. Im robyn curnow. President donald trump has just wrapped up an Independence Day celebration that flouted the very simple advice of his own medical advisers. As the u. S. Sees more than 50,000 new coronavirus cases, for the third consecutive day. A Fireworks Show there. An annual american Independence Day tradition on a Holiday Weekend no one could have foreseen a year ago. A gathering at the iconic mt. Rushmore in south dakota saw nearly 8,000 people come together. And like the president s rally last month in tulsa, masks were not required, and social distancing was nonexistent. But, there was plenty of familiar trump rhetoric. He railed against the removal of monuments. Take a listen. It is time to plant our flag, and to protect the greatest of this nation. For citizens of every race, in every city, and every part of this glorious land. For the sake of our honor, for the sake of our children, for the sake of our union, we must protect and preserve our history, our heritage, and our great heroes. Here, tonight, before the eyes of our forefathers, americans declare, again, as we did 244 years ago, that we will not be tyranized, we will not be intimidated by bad, evil people. It will not happen. And then, just a short time ago, we learned the virus has breached the president s inner circle, and its gotten very close to the trump family. So Kimberly Guilfoyle has tested positive for coronavirus. She is a top Trump Campaign official and donald trump jr. s girlfriend. The Campaign Says she