Transcripts For CNNW Facing The Realities Of Racism Unconsci

Congressman john lewis, who lies in state tonight at the Alabama State capital. We have come a long way since the civil rights movement, but theres still unfinished business. As it pertains to unconscious bias, part of the challenge is identifying where it comes from and then trying to fix it. Here now is cnns tom foreman. When black panther roared into movie theaters, it was a sen is sags raking in 700 million in 2018 raising a critical question. If a movie with a black superhero can be so valuable, why are almost all other movie superheroes white. At the university of florida where kate ratliff specializes in the study of bias shs the answer is brutally simple. Because superheroes are good. We associate whether we mean to or not, white people associate white with good and black with bad. Segregation tomorrow and segregation forever. Shes not talking about long standing blatant racism, but an insidious cousin called implicit bias. Crihristopher bridges is with t equal justice society, a Legal Organization fighting discrimination. Implicit bias is the ways in which our brains form these connections in our minds without us thinking about doing so. Researchers say implicit is bias increases the odds of violence when police meet people of child support. It can lead teachers who favor white kids or bosses to shun black job applicants or realtors to steer black families away from white neighbors and on it goes and many maybe utterly unaware they are acting on these unconscious cues. But in america, implicit racial bias impacts a lot of the ways in which africanamericans and other people of color live and experience their daily lives. So how do you identify implicit bias . Theres a test developed at harvard and is we asked new york owemy to take it for us. I was definitely in the majority as a white person. She rapidly sorted black and white faces and words associated with good and bad qualities. Sometimes good words were supposed to go with white faces. Sometimes with black faces. Sometimes the opposite. Brain science researchers have administered this test many times. What we generally find is nonblack people are much faster at sorting white people with good things and black people with bad things than the reverse white people with bad things, black people with good things. And thats what naomi thaufo. She was sprieszed. I feel i have educated mys f myself. To see the score say i still have more work to do. Most people in the United States have a genuine desire to be fair. Most people want to treat people equally, but sometimes the bias that we have internalized can prevent us from doing that. Implicit bias begins forming in our brains very early. In new york city eva uses the test with middle School Students and routinely finds hid b bias. A child who recognizes as young as toddlerhood whether someone is like them or not, they notice differences as young as 2 years old. And they associate that image with values really early on. Need more proof of how deeply embedded implicit bias is . Think about jesus, the central figure of the Christian Faith has long been depicted as a white man. For generations, few americans questioned this. Because it fits our ideas. But historians say he was almost certainly dark skinned and just this year a major catholic newspaper editorial said this paradox born of imp implicit bias is a problem. And exclusively white jesus not only narrows our understanding of him, it sends a message that connects jesus to the powerful, not the pressed. Implicit is bias can be about race, religion, age, anything really. I would say its unavoidable to have implicit bias. But researchers say it can be change d by individuals. Think about the last time you interacted with someone who was different than you. Its interesting to think about the political actions you can take as well to change the structure of our own society. And the whole nation can benefit if we do. Tom foreman, cnn, washington. With us now is dr. Jennifer everyheart, a professor of psychology at stanford university. Shes also the author of the book biassed. Dr. So great to see you. You have been studying it for 25 years and we have to ask the questions. How do we become conscious of it in ourselves . Well, i think were seeing evidence of that now that people are becoming more aware of bias. They are becoming more aware of racial disparities. And i think people are also sort of grappling with that. They are try iing to understand what it means. And we have a lot of work to do both individually, but also in terms of our institutions and in terms of our society to get ahold of this. In your studies and in it your talks, you tell people friction is something youre going to con front. But you also have advice on ways in which people need to slow down when they come face to face with that friction. Yeah, so thats right. So we know a lot about how bias works. We can sort of based on decades of research, make predictions about when bias is going to come alive and when its going to be mitigated. And so for example, when were deal iing with the issue of covid19 right now, all over the country, were also in the midst of that trying to deal with racial bias because we know bias is more likely to come forth when we are living in situations of scarcity. So when theres scarce resources, so for example, when not everyone has access to testing for covid tempers flair and you can show up and how do you know who is going to get tested and who isnt. Who is going to be turned away. Who is givoing to be given a be or a ventilator. All of those situations when theres scarcity, bias can be more likely. Once people recognize their bias, are some of us just simply more capable of changing, correcting that bias, recognizing it and making a change for the better. Yeah, i mean, of course, there are lots of individual differences. But i guess i would say that we all need help with doing this and we know just in terms of the science about sort of when its going to flare up and what to do to mitigate it and so forth, id like people to learn more about that, to use science as a tool for helping us to understand it and to proteedict when its goi to be an issue. What level of hope do you have for tomorrow on this . I actually have a lot of hope. I feel like this is a moment in time in our nation where were focused on this. Theres a lot of aware thans wasnt there before. And i also feel like were the getting a huge public push to equity. For change. So i feel that maybe this is a moment where we can kind past just the window dressing and actually use policies and practices to bring us to a better place. Doctor, thank you so much. Thank you. How much of a role does bias play in policing across america following the killings of george floyd in minneapolis . Street protest etc. Continue to heat up in multiple cities. Among the demands being made, reform, retraining and reevaluation. More than, when we return. Right now, switch to tmobile and get four lines of unlimited for just 25 bucks a line. With access to americas largest 5g included. Thats right. Unlimited and nationwide 5g for the whole family for just 25 bucks a line. Only at tmobile. And other Money Managers dont understand why. Because our way works great for us but not for your clients. Thats why were a fiduciary, obligated to put clients first. So, what do you provide . Cookie cutter portfolios . Nope. We tailor portfolios to our clients needs. But you do sell investments that earn you high commissions, right . We dont have those. So, whats in it for you . Our fees are structured so we do better when you do better. At Fisher Investments were clearly different. Our fees are structured so we do better when you do better. [announcer] food delivery just got more rewarding. Ic package crashing into ground now that gruhhub gives you rewards when you order. dog barking did you order tacos again . device beeping boom, rewarded with a perk like 5. 00 off. Ordering dinner for the family . Voila rewarded with free delivery and a side of quiet. Grubhub gives you rewards for rewarding yourself, with food. doorbell ringing [crowd] grubhub scooter horn beeping [ engines revving ] its amazing to see them in the wild like th shhh. For those who were born to ride, theres progressive. Welcome back to unconscious bias, facing the realities of raci racism. Two months after the george floyd was killed, Police Departments across the country are reevaluating tactics and training. Implicit bias training is one of those programs. While some officers push back saying the training can hurt moral, others are embrace iing change. Heres cnns ryan young. You cannot change institutional racism overnight. Its a process. Its going to take some time. In the wake of historic protests following the death of george floyd in minneapolis, some u. S. Police departments across the country are touting the benefits of implicit bias training for their officers. I think what ails the Law Enforcement Community Relationship at the core and what ails us a as a society actually from the inception of our country is the issue of race and the issue of difference. In sacramento its about moving the Police Culture into the future in an effort to keep everyone safe. Our job as leaders isnt just to create a department that provides the best possible service to our community. Its also to provide the best possible working environment for our members. I want to try to be a part of the change to help make things different for people that look like me. The New Orleans Police Department defines implicit bias as a bias that results from an unconscious stereotype, association or feeling that may exist even without a persons awareness. In other words, an officer may not even realize they have a bias. These new Orleans Police officers recently took part in an implicit bias training class offered by the organization racialbias. Org and the lsu department of health. They perform a mock arrest scene with one man in handcuffs. Excuse me for interrupting. I need to book this thug. A few minutes later, class instructor introduces himself to the officers. Does anybody here know me . Never saw me before . I was a guy that just came in. I was that guy. And so thats the shock to the consciousness. Some people have a bias against africanamerican male who is dress in a hip hop way. And i think some Police Officers who have a racial bias dont care if it you dress like this or dress if you dress hip hoppish. They just have that bias. The hope is by arming officers with this imply us sit bias training that fewerer of them will have negative confrontations with minority communities. I do think implicit bias training and other training is important. Lois and steven james lead the Research Programs a the Washington State university. And work directly with Police Departments. Sir, you need to let her go. Let go of her. Come to me, maam. I think anything that makes us aware of our behavior and how that behavior is driving an encounter has a potential to deescalate. Implicit bias train iing isn new. Among the recommendations in a 2015 president ial task force report, many u. S. Police departments include it in their training. I love the class in general. I love the open conversation. Policing is going through a big change. Its never comfortable. You have to be introspective and look at your own self and your own motivations. Police officers across the count b try know high profile incidents continue to keep them in the but not for the lifesaving work they prefer to be highlighted for. The hope is this training might reduce those instances. I think more training, i think the better training, its not going to help that need go away. At the end of the day, the midgety of people that show up for are are crewsment for Police Agencies are white men. Thats the case most places around the country. We need to help them do better. For too long i have watched so many black men be kill ed by Law Enforcement without a weapon. So thats disturbing. I dont want that to happen. Thats the first and foremost thing. I dont want some wife or husband because they were in Law Enforcement to lose out on their career and cant send their kids to school. Because two people are losing in that situation. So its crucial with calls to defund Police Departments growing, training advocates fear with smaller budgets, one of the first things to get cut will be this tomb of training. Its a dangerous call for action to defund police. If you think giving them less resources will be better policing, we theed to have Police Officers and Police Departments and the city municipalities held accountable for how they spend public mon s moneys. Its not an ideal working environment. These protests, thats challenging on everybody, exceptionally challenging on officers. I skaent expect an officer to work a 30year career in that environment. Ryan young, cnn. Joining me now is ray shant ray, a sociology professor at the university of maryland. Which runs bias Training Programs. And also with me is renee mitchell, president and cofou cofounder of the the American Society of evidencebased policing. Shes also a former sergeant with the Sacramento Police department. So renee first. You have been calling for change in modern day policing. What do you think needs to be changed . So i think really right now where were at in the United States is that we need to be using research and data, which you heard all the speakers talk about and use that to drive policies and practices and our decision making. But additionally, one of the things people dont realize when it comes to research and data is that part of being the American Society of Evidence Base is Evidence Base means youre take ing the research and applying it to practice. One of the things about implicit bias train iing is its not wel researched. Theres not a lot of evidence that the training actually works to reduce like the use of force incidents to reduce some officersinvolved shootings. What i would really say is we need to see when we apply the research in the field to do controlled trials to determine if the use of our resources and our taxpayers moneys are being spent sktively and efficiently to get the outcomes as far as Public Safety and officer safety that we need. And ray shant, your lab runs um police sit bias Training Programs using Virtual Reality. What kind of results are you seeing . I think were seeing tons of things. In addition to having an implicit bias training approved by the state, we take our Virtual Reality program and put officers in the types of environments they encounter all the time from suspicious persons to domestic house scenes and the like. We found a few central things. We try anxious late data. We bring in behaviors and their unconscious and conscious biases as well as the demographics. We first find that officers regardless of race have negative, unconscious bias against black people. We also find that officers regardless of their race and gender hold those particular biases. We then find that officers are less respectful of black people and they are particularly less respectful of black women. So part of what we do is we put Virtual Reality characters in a setting. We have Police Officers respond to them. The characters respond to the officers. And then we can actually look at how officers behaviors, the way in which their physiology manifests and have a report and recommendations to the departments on how to get better. And how important is the followup then . I spoke with a police chief about police bias training and he said something thats very critical that isnt seen enough is the followup. You cant just have one course and thats it. There has to be some sort of reenforcement. Do you see that happening . Without a doubt. Our training isnt a twohour one off. It will take officers two days to get thus. The followup is just as important. The evidence to bare to highlight away departments need to do to move forward. These trainings as useful as they are, they fall short without transforming the structure of policing. And i think in order to do that, we need to hold officers accountable in the way we do that is by restructuring civilian payoffs away from taxpayer money into Police Insurance policies. Renee, do you see that would make a big impact too . All of these are untested solutions. What i really see out in the field is the one thing when we talk about unconscious bias is the fact that youre looking at thi things that an individual level and your data does not show bias until you aggregate data. The medical field came out and showed that doctors overripribe opioid medications towards caught kigss and underprescribed for africanamericans. Youre not going to see that data. You only understand the bias coming out. Once the data has been aggregated. So the bias training is focused on the individual rather than the aggregate. To me the easiest way of policing your organization, your Police Organization s to look at how your officers are going out into the field. This is probably something that the American Public doesnt really know. Police officers are a little bit like independent contractors. Between their calls for service, they are free to make stops, pedestrian stops, whatever they want. And their system ises that we have that Police Agencies could actually aggregate that data, look at where officers are policing, why they are policing in those areas and actually Rti International i work for, we have calls for service Alabama State<\/a> capital. We have come a long way since the civil rights movement, but theres still unfinished business. As it pertains to unconscious bias, part of the challenge is identifying where it comes from and then trying to fix it. Here now is cnns tom foreman. When black panther roared into movie theaters, it was a sen is sags raking in 700 million in 2018 raising a critical question. If a movie with a black superhero can be so valuable, why are almost all other movie superheroes white. At the university of florida where kate ratliff specializes in the study of bias shs the answer is brutally simple. Because superheroes are good. We associate whether we mean to or not, white people associate white with good and black with bad. Segregation tomorrow and segregation forever. Shes not talking about long standing blatant racism, but an insidious cousin called implicit bias. Crihristopher bridges is with t equal justice society, a Legal Organization<\/a> fighting discrimination. Implicit bias is the ways in which our brains form these connections in our minds without us thinking about doing so. Researchers say implicit is bias increases the odds of violence when police meet people of child support. It can lead teachers who favor white kids or bosses to shun black job applicants or realtors to steer black families away from white neighbors and on it goes and many maybe utterly unaware they are acting on these unconscious cues. But in america, implicit racial bias impacts a lot of the ways in which africanamericans and other people of color live and experience their daily lives. So how do you identify implicit bias . Theres a test developed at harvard and is we asked new york owemy to take it for us. I was definitely in the majority as a white person. She rapidly sorted black and white faces and words associated with good and bad qualities. Sometimes good words were supposed to go with white faces. Sometimes with black faces. Sometimes the opposite. Brain science researchers have administered this test many times. What we generally find is nonblack people are much faster at sorting white people with good things and black people with bad things than the reverse white people with bad things, black people with good things. And thats what naomi thaufo. She was sprieszed. I feel i have educated mys f myself. To see the score say i still have more work to do. Most people in the United States<\/a> have a genuine desire to be fair. Most people want to treat people equally, but sometimes the bias that we have internalized can prevent us from doing that. Implicit bias begins forming in our brains very early. In new york city eva uses the test with middle School Students<\/a> and routinely finds hid b bias. A child who recognizes as young as toddlerhood whether someone is like them or not, they notice differences as young as 2 years old. And they associate that image with values really early on. Need more proof of how deeply embedded implicit bias is . Think about jesus, the central figure of the Christian Faith<\/a> has long been depicted as a white man. For generations, few americans questioned this. Because it fits our ideas. But historians say he was almost certainly dark skinned and just this year a major catholic newspaper editorial said this paradox born of imp implicit bias is a problem. And exclusively white jesus not only narrows our understanding of him, it sends a message that connects jesus to the powerful, not the pressed. Implicit is bias can be about race, religion, age, anything really. I would say its unavoidable to have implicit bias. But researchers say it can be change d by individuals. Think about the last time you interacted with someone who was different than you. Its interesting to think about the political actions you can take as well to change the structure of our own society. And the whole nation can benefit if we do. Tom foreman, cnn, washington. With us now is dr. Jennifer everyheart, a professor of psychology at stanford university. Shes also the author of the book biassed. Dr. So great to see you. You have been studying it for 25 years and we have to ask the questions. How do we become conscious of it in ourselves . Well, i think were seeing evidence of that now that people are becoming more aware of bias. They are becoming more aware of racial disparities. And i think people are also sort of grappling with that. They are try iing to understand what it means. And we have a lot of work to do both individually, but also in terms of our institutions and in terms of our society to get ahold of this. In your studies and in it your talks, you tell people friction is something youre going to con front. But you also have advice on ways in which people need to slow down when they come face to face with that friction. Yeah, so thats right. So we know a lot about how bias works. We can sort of based on decades of research, make predictions about when bias is going to come alive and when its going to be mitigated. And so for example, when were deal iing with the issue of covid19 right now, all over the country, were also in the midst of that trying to deal with racial bias because we know bias is more likely to come forth when we are living in situations of scarcity. So when theres scarce resources, so for example, when not everyone has access to testing for covid tempers flair and you can show up and how do you know who is going to get tested and who isnt. Who is going to be turned away. Who is givoing to be given a be or a ventilator. All of those situations when theres scarcity, bias can be more likely. Once people recognize their bias, are some of us just simply more capable of changing, correcting that bias, recognizing it and making a change for the better. Yeah, i mean, of course, there are lots of individual differences. But i guess i would say that we all need help with doing this and we know just in terms of the science about sort of when its going to flare up and what to do to mitigate it and so forth, id like people to learn more about that, to use science as a tool for helping us to understand it and to proteedict when its goi to be an issue. What level of hope do you have for tomorrow on this . I actually have a lot of hope. I feel like this is a moment in time in our nation where were focused on this. Theres a lot of aware thans wasnt there before. And i also feel like were the getting a huge public push to equity. For change. So i feel that maybe this is a moment where we can kind past just the window dressing and actually use policies and practices to bring us to a better place. Doctor, thank you so much. Thank you. How much of a role does bias play in policing across america following the killings of george floyd in minneapolis . Street protest etc. Continue to heat up in multiple cities. Among the demands being made, reform, retraining and reevaluation. More than, when we return. Right now, switch to tmobile and get four lines of unlimited for just 25 bucks a line. With access to americas largest 5g included. Thats right. Unlimited and nationwide 5g for the whole family for just 25 bucks a line. Only at tmobile. And other Money Managers<\/a> dont understand why. Because our way works great for us but not for your clients. Thats why were a fiduciary, obligated to put clients first. So, what do you provide . Cookie cutter portfolios . Nope. We tailor portfolios to our clients needs. But you do sell investments that earn you high commissions, right . We dont have those. So, whats in it for you . Our fees are structured so we do better when you do better. At Fisher Investments<\/a> were clearly different. Our fees are structured so we do better when you do better. [announcer] food delivery just got more rewarding. Ic package crashing into ground now that gruhhub gives you rewards when you order. dog barking did you order tacos again . device beeping boom, rewarded with a perk like 5. 00 off. Ordering dinner for the family . Voila rewarded with free delivery and a side of quiet. Grubhub gives you rewards for rewarding yourself, with food. doorbell ringing [crowd] grubhub scooter horn beeping [ engines revving ] its amazing to see them in the wild like th shhh. For those who were born to ride, theres progressive. Welcome back to unconscious bias, facing the realities of raci racism. Two months after the george floyd was killed, Police Departments<\/a> across the country are reevaluating tactics and training. Implicit bias training is one of those programs. While some officers push back saying the training can hurt moral, others are embrace iing change. Heres cnns ryan young. You cannot change institutional racism overnight. Its a process. Its going to take some time. In the wake of historic protests following the death of george floyd in minneapolis, some u. S. Police departments across the country are touting the benefits of implicit bias training for their officers. I think what ails the Law Enforcement<\/a> Community Relationship<\/a> at the core and what ails us a as a society actually from the inception of our country is the issue of race and the issue of difference. In sacramento its about moving the Police Culture<\/a> into the future in an effort to keep everyone safe. Our job as leaders isnt just to create a department that provides the best possible service to our community. Its also to provide the best possible working environment for our members. I want to try to be a part of the change to help make things different for people that look like me. The New Orleans Police Department<\/a> defines implicit bias as a bias that results from an unconscious stereotype, association or feeling that may exist even without a persons awareness. In other words, an officer may not even realize they have a bias. These new Orleans Police<\/a> officers recently took part in an implicit bias training class offered by the organization racialbias. Org and the lsu department of health. They perform a mock arrest scene with one man in handcuffs. Excuse me for interrupting. I need to book this thug. A few minutes later, class instructor introduces himself to the officers. Does anybody here know me . Never saw me before . I was a guy that just came in. I was that guy. And so thats the shock to the consciousness. Some people have a bias against africanamerican male who is dress in a hip hop way. And i think some Police Officers<\/a> who have a racial bias dont care if it you dress like this or dress if you dress hip hoppish. They just have that bias. The hope is by arming officers with this imply us sit bias training that fewerer of them will have negative confrontations with minority communities. I do think implicit bias training and other training is important. Lois and steven james lead the Research Programs<\/a> a the Washington State<\/a> university. And work directly with Police Departments<\/a>. Sir, you need to let her go. Let go of her. Come to me, maam. I think anything that makes us aware of our behavior and how that behavior is driving an encounter has a potential to deescalate. Implicit bias train iing isn new. Among the recommendations in a 2015 president ial task force report, many u. S. Police departments include it in their training. I love the class in general. I love the open conversation. Policing is going through a big change. Its never comfortable. You have to be introspective and look at your own self and your own motivations. Police officers across the count b try know high profile incidents continue to keep them in the but not for the lifesaving work they prefer to be highlighted for. The hope is this training might reduce those instances. I think more training, i think the better training, its not going to help that need go away. At the end of the day, the midgety of people that show up for are are crewsment for Police Agencies<\/a> are white men. Thats the case most places around the country. We need to help them do better. For too long i have watched so many black men be kill ed by Law Enforcement<\/a> without a weapon. So thats disturbing. I dont want that to happen. Thats the first and foremost thing. I dont want some wife or husband because they were in Law Enforcement<\/a> to lose out on their career and cant send their kids to school. Because two people are losing in that situation. So its crucial with calls to defund Police Departments<\/a> growing, training advocates fear with smaller budgets, one of the first things to get cut will be this tomb of training. Its a dangerous call for action to defund police. If you think giving them less resources will be better policing, we theed to have Police Officers<\/a> and Police Departments<\/a> and the city municipalities held accountable for how they spend public mon s moneys. Its not an ideal working environment. These protests, thats challenging on everybody, exceptionally challenging on officers. I skaent expect an officer to work a 30year career in that environment. Ryan young, cnn. Joining me now is ray shant ray, a sociology professor at the university of maryland. Which runs bias Training Programs<\/a>. And also with me is renee mitchell, president and cofou cofounder of the the American Society<\/a> of evidencebased policing. Shes also a former sergeant with the Sacramento Police<\/a> department. So renee first. You have been calling for change in modern day policing. What do you think needs to be changed . So i think really right now where were at in the United States<\/a> is that we need to be using research and data, which you heard all the speakers talk about and use that to drive policies and practices and our decision making. But additionally, one of the things people dont realize when it comes to research and data is that part of being the American Society<\/a> of Evidence Base<\/a> is Evidence Base<\/a> means youre take ing the research and applying it to practice. One of the things about implicit bias train iing is its not wel researched. Theres not a lot of evidence that the training actually works to reduce like the use of force incidents to reduce some officersinvolved shootings. What i would really say is we need to see when we apply the research in the field to do controlled trials to determine if the use of our resources and our taxpayers moneys are being spent sktively and efficiently to get the outcomes as far as Public Safety<\/a> and officer safety that we need. And ray shant, your lab runs um police sit bias Training Programs<\/a> using Virtual Reality<\/a>. What kind of results are you seeing . I think were seeing tons of things. In addition to having an implicit bias training approved by the state, we take our Virtual Reality<\/a> program and put officers in the types of environments they encounter all the time from suspicious persons to domestic house scenes and the like. We found a few central things. We try anxious late data. We bring in behaviors and their unconscious and conscious biases as well as the demographics. We first find that officers regardless of race have negative, unconscious bias against black people. We also find that officers regardless of their race and gender hold those particular biases. We then find that officers are less respectful of black people and they are particularly less respectful of black women. So part of what we do is we put Virtual Reality<\/a> characters in a setting. We have Police Officers<\/a> respond to them. The characters respond to the officers. And then we can actually look at how officers behaviors, the way in which their physiology manifests and have a report and recommendations to the departments on how to get better. And how important is the followup then . I spoke with a police chief about police bias training and he said something thats very critical that isnt seen enough is the followup. You cant just have one course and thats it. There has to be some sort of reenforcement. Do you see that happening . Without a doubt. Our training isnt a twohour one off. It will take officers two days to get thus. The followup is just as important. The evidence to bare to highlight away departments need to do to move forward. These trainings as useful as they are, they fall short without transforming the structure of policing. And i think in order to do that, we need to hold officers accountable in the way we do that is by restructuring civilian payoffs away from taxpayer money into Police Insurance<\/a> policies. Renee, do you see that would make a big impact too . All of these are untested solutions. What i really see out in the field is the one thing when we talk about unconscious bias is the fact that youre looking at thi things that an individual level and your data does not show bias until you aggregate data. The medical field came out and showed that doctors overripribe opioid medications towards caught kigss and underprescribed for africanamericans. Youre not going to see that data. You only understand the bias coming out. Once the data has been aggregated. So the bias training is focused on the individual rather than the aggregate. To me the easiest way of policing your organization, your Police Organization<\/a> s to look at how your officers are going out into the field. This is probably something that the American Public<\/a> doesnt really know. Police officers are a little bit like independent contractors. Between their calls for service, they are free to make stops, pedestrian stops, whatever they want. And their system ises that we have that Police Agencies<\/a> could actually aggregate that data, look at where officers are policing, why they are policing in those areas and actually Rti International<\/a> i work for, we have calls for service Analytic Software<\/a> that does just that. If you overlie that data with socioeconomic census data, and then apply a social harm index, you could determine when your officers are overpolicing, who they are overpolice iing and ma adjustments to the field. But that is an organizational level. I think the only way to truly get to Police Reform<\/a> is you have to have it at the leadership level, managing what the officers do in the field rather than just saying, heres some training. Do better next time. I heard that a lot. Leadership, top down. Thank you both, i appreciate it. Thank you. Still ahead, how implicit is bias too often undermines the ability of getting a job, fair pay and obtaining the American Dream<\/a> of homeownership. Well discuss why this persists and how to combat it. vo verizon knows how to build unlimited right. Start with americas most awarded network. Offer it at a price built for everyone with the most advanced iphone yet. Iphone 11 pro on us when you buy one. Because everyone deserves the best. This is unlimited built right. Balanced nutrition for strength and energy. Whoohoo great tasting ensure with 9 grams of protein, 27 vitamins and minerals, and nutrients to support immune health. Theyre going to be paying for this for a long time. They will, but with accident forgiveness allstate wont raise your rates just because of an accident, even if its your fault. Cut sonny. Was that good . Line the desert never lies. Isnt that what i said . No you were talking about allstate and insurance. I just. When i. Lets try again. Everybody back to one. Accident forgiveness from allstate. Click or call for a quote today. Acwelcome to campess tonsafun on xfinity its summer camp, but in your living room. Learn how to draw with a minions expert. How to build an indoor Obstacle Course<\/a> plus. Whatever shes doing. And me, jade cattapreta. The host of es the soup camp tonsafun. Its like summer camp, but minus the poison ivy. Unless you own poison ivy. In which case, why . Just say summer camp into your xfinity voice remote to join. Welcome back to our special report unconscious bias. One of those realities is the income gap in this country. Serious disparities persist. A black American Family<\/a> is no closer to earn iing the same as white American Family<\/a> than was the case nearly 50 years ago. According to analysis of a fa Federal Reserve<\/a> Consumer Finance<\/a> survey, the Median Income<\/a> of a white family in 1968 was just over 49,000. As of 2016, that rose to more than 58,000. Meanwhile, a black Family Living<\/a> in the United States<\/a> saw this. In 1968 the Median Income<\/a> was 25,000. 40 less than white count counterparts. Black families then experienced a bump to just over 33,000 in 2016. A ,000 increase over a 48year span. But remember the disparity from the start. That 2016 Median Income<\/a> is not only less than whites, its still 32 less than white Median Income<\/a> from 1968. Earlier i spoke with john hope, the founder of operation hope and the author love leadership. He says tackling unconscious bias is the civil rights fight because it impacts everything from getting a job to access to the market. In many ways, dr. King and our heroes who passed like john lewis and others, they were successful in impacting the hard biases. You cant go to this water first down dane. You fountain. But that was a movement in the streets we call civil rights. Social justice and civil liberties. The new movement, i think, is in the suites. I call that silver rights. Thats about wealth and opportunity. Much harder to put a box in, but the good news is the private sector where 90 of our jobs come from and where all wealth comes from, thats the new the battlefield. And i think they are inclined to want to help because its ultimately in their selfinterest. But its a big deal. Its a really big deal. As it pertains, what ways does it contribute to the wealth gap between blacks and whites. The whole ball game, but it started with an uneven Playing Field<\/a>. You had the first sin of this nation, which was not so much slavery, although that was morally and ethically corrupt and horrible. But the promise is you work hard. You have to get the benefit of your labor. Thats freedom. Everybody believes that. Republicans, democrats, blacks, white, rich, poor. Us but heres the deal. My ancestors and yours came to america as agricultural geniuses to work on this soil in the south. And the harder we worked for 300 years, the bigger the house the big man got up the road. So the caucasian owner of the plantation got a reverse transfer of wealth for 300 years. So thats where you have tis imbalance of black people have 10 of the net worth than their white counterparts with the same education and income level. Because the Playing Field<\/a> was unlevel from the beginning and didnt even get levelled until the end of civil rights movement. Thats where it began to shift. Do you see a greater commitment when it be for the private sector, corporate america, big business to make up for these losses, perhaps because of bias . Or because of that wealth passed down generation to generation that is lacking particularly in households of color . I see a huge shift that i have never seen in my entire life. Ambassador young has not seen in his life. I talked to him about it. Its not because of some guilt trip primarily or because they want to remove the bias primarily. I think that people want to this nation to live up to its creed to opportunity for all. But my ultimate belief in change is through enlightened selfinterest. That diversity is just simply a business strength. So explain the importance of homeownership, entrepreneurship, how unconscious bias impacts getting a home loan or a business loan. Yeah, so once again, if youre from an underserved neighborhood, theres certain presumptions that might be made about your business. Lets be blunt about this. If your mother gave you an interesting name, this may be a loan underwriter who makes a presumption about your name and puts you into a box. You have to do things that offset that light again. The credit score. Half of black america is has a credit score below 620. We dont even know it, but it locks us out of the Free Enterprise<\/a> system and makes it easier to someone with a bias to tell you know. My mother as a credit score of 854. My mother is green. She gets yes to everything she asks for because the computer sees math does not have an. The computer sees somebody who is qualified for whatever she wants. But that has to be intentional. Do you see that we are closer to fixing the problems that come with biases . Yes, but again, not for obvious reasons. Not because people are becoming nicer. I think, one, the world just saw a public lynching with george floyd. They had never seen that before. This generation had never seen that before. It was inexcusable. So i think black people, white people, rich, poor, republicans, democrats, everybody who is reasonable said thats not the country you want to live in anymore. So the coronavirus has gotten us all on pause. Everybody is watching your show and reflecting and doing this thinking thing that no one ever does anymore. Its like god just stopped everything and gave us a moment to reset. And i think that the other thing that the market is changing. You have a diversity thats drive iing the economy. Its in the name, hope. John hope bryant, thank you so much. God bless you. Following the death of brianna thai taylor and george floyd, more athletes have become outspoken blej plejing their support for the movement. Prominent sports figures rallying for chapg. Its not new, its been going on drs. For decades. But today athletes are rapidly influencing arenas and organizations coming up well hear from u. S. Olympian john carlos on what has changed since he put a fist in the air on the medal podium more than 50 years ago. Right now, switch to tmobile and get four lines of unlimited for just 25 bucks a line. With access to americas largest 5g included. Thats right. Unlimited and nationwide 5g for the whole family for just 25 bucks a line. Only at tmobile. Loreals magic root cover up three seconds to flawless roots three. Two. One. Roots gone magic root cover up by loreal paris oh my gosh in the midst of this ongoing conversation about race in america, professional athletes are placing themselves at the forefront of the the fight for change. Nascar driver Bubba Wallace<\/a> stepped into the center of the conversation when he painted black lives matter on his car following the death of george floyd. And called on nascar to ban the Confederate Flag<\/a> from all of its events. Several wnba players decided to sit out the season deciding to focus on social jthsz reform. And theres former nfl player colin kaepernick, who Drew International<\/a> attention and criticism when he began sitting and kneeling during the National Anthem<\/a> at football games. Their actions may be fresh in our minds, but athletes have been rallying for change for decades. Sometimes at the expense of their careers. Mohammed alis are refusal to serve in the vietnam war in 1967 made him one of the most recognizable sports figures in the world. And who can can forget this iconic image, olympians john carlos holding up fists on the podium at the 1968 olympics in mexico city. The fallout from that act of defiance was immediate. The men were kicked off the team usa and sent home. Im joined now by john carlos and hall of fame broadcaster and cnn contributor bob costas. Good to see both of you, gentlemen. Are are you thinking any differently nance the young man who was stand iing on that podi with your fist in the air . Are you seeing this National Reckoning<\/a> any differently . Does it make you think any differently today . Well, you know, we have a great accomplishment to to try to bring about systemic racism isnt a disease. Its running rampant not just here in the United States<\/a>. I had a vision 52 years ago to bring attention to the plight of people of color in the United States<\/a>. I have seen other countries around the world where it might have been a difference as well if in materials of how black people are perceive d in the United States<\/a>. So we thought it was time to put this in the public eye for the public to be aware and raise their voices. Maybe our projection was a little wrong because society wasnt ready to jive as a system relative to racism. Like us said 52 years ago, you think hes bad based on his actions, wait for the next generation. Kaepernick is here now and received the same type of hate mail, the same your pushing too fast, give us time, your day is coming. The same rhetoric that johnson had to deal with. Or athlete of color that flt i might be raised up as an athlete. But god forbid what happens to my son or daughter because they dont have that tattoo on their brain or fore head to establish that they are the son of Magic Johnson<\/a> or the son of bill ru russell. So bob, if today for athletes who take a stand is the calculous different . I think its very much different. Colin kaepernick paid a price, but he also received a et set is thement from the National Football<\/a> league. They have reversed field. Im not ab solving them of guilt, but they have reversed field. He has his situation with nike. And colin, although we can all agree he called attention to a vital issue and ongoing issue and an issue that has historical echoes, thats why it resinates so much. But when you read what Kareem Abduljabbar<\/a> continues to say and to write so forcefully now. And mohammed ali was a figure. But when you wear socks that depict cops, not bad cops, but all cops as pigs, when you praise fidel castro when youre in miami, and then when you go largely radio silent, although hes done good things in the community, i give him full credit for that, but he hasnt given the notoriety he received. He has not used that platform as effectively as he might have. Does this mean this elevated power of todays athlete means, perhaps, that history wont repeat itself . Well, first of all, however imperfectly or haltingly athletes for the most part black athletes for some white through the years, in a wimpdifferent w aly raisman today or megan rapinoe, whether you agree or not, they have been out there and made an impact. You go back to lewis and then mohammed ali and kareem and brown and bill russell is, they all made a positive contribution. When you hear people say stick to sports, what that really means is stick to sports if youre saying something i disagree with. The truth of the matter is because sports cuts across so many demographics and because it is essentially a meritocracy, so its hard to deny excellence and merit, i think sports figures over the year its not a panacea, but over the years they have had a positive effect of racial understanding and racial progress in this country. Now we have a new chapter in it. And john, do you believe this new chapter of athletes being raised to such prominence by being outspoken do you believe this new chapter is one thats here to stay . It was aware. More people are aware of racism in america than probably in the history of the country. But the question is where we go from here. Do we sit back and say, we should overcome, we sit back and say black lives matter or do we sit down at the roundtable with the powers to be and say we need to challenge the educational system. We need to challenge the Law Enforcement<\/a>. We need to challenge so many systemic areas this this nation that dealt with racism, so we have to come together in terms of lets sit down at the table. White, black and what have you and put our Heads Together<\/a> and figure out how to solve this equation. Well leave it there. Thank you so much. Always great to see you. An honor to talk to you. Thank you. Thank you. The stressors of bias adds up and takes away years from daily bias related snubs, i guess inn dignities, denied job or bank applications. Even the worry of being pulled over by police. All of that constant stress impacts health. Coming up, well explain how being black could mean a shorter life. Right now, switch to tmobile and get four lines of unlimited for just 25 bucks a line. With access to americas largest 5g included. Thats right. Unlimited and nationwide 5g for the whole family for just 25 bucks a line. Only at tmobile. Always have been. And always will be. Never letting anything get in my way. 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So when we talk about all of the effects of unconscious bias, a toll is taken both mentally and physically. Every day discrimination, housing, income, education, it all adds up. All chipping away at quality of life, contributing to chronic diseases and ultimately reduces life expectancy. Its not just daily stressors like someone closing the elevator door because youre black or refuse iing you a cab e for the same reason. Indignities may be experienced in the medical care you receive or dont receive if you are black, brown and sick. Studies show minorities receive fewer procedures than white individuals and black patients are often prescribed less pain medication than white with the same complaints. An emergency medicine physician is joining me now. Good to see you, doctor. So why is this still happening that black patients with the same symptoms as white patients would receive less care . So to be honest, its still happening because the people who are taking care of these patients, physicians like me, are socialized in a society thats embedded with racism. When you look at the levels of explicit and implicit bias, its the same as that of the general population. So to expect that physicians or nurses would have less implicit bias than other people, its just simply not the case. So we see from the data and the data that you must just mentioned that were seeing these inequities that they are cared for and the fact is that you cant deny the data. We have the data thats there and we need to ensure that physicians and other Health Care Professionals<\/a> are providing equitable care to all patients. I think thats so surprising to a lot of people. I they figure the profession in and of itself is about care. So do doctors that you have spoken to actually acknowledge that their influenced by biases when its brought to their attention . So i do a lo of these conversations and trainings with physicians. I will say they probably are the most challenging bunch to discuss these issues with. Just like youre alluding to, they think they are good people. And so the fact is that they are good people that works in progress. So they are influenced by what their parents say, what they hear in the media, what they learn in school. And the fact is that we have these negative stereotypes of black people that are everywhere because we have a society that is racist. And so these thoughts are internalized and unfortunately, it influences how these physicians communicate and make decision about their patients care. What do you see as the key socioeconomic factors impacting Health Disparities<\/a> between plaques and whites and how it ultimately might shorten lives . I think its a the lot of what you discussed earlier in the setting gment. Its housing, employment education, access to health care, access to healthy foods. We know that racism is a Key Driving Force<\/a> of those social determinants of health. So we dont just have to work on the kind of care thats delivered to black and brown people. But we also have to work on ensuring that these communities are well resourced. That people can find gainful employment, Affordable Housing<\/a> and have opportunities for homeownership. Thats how we actually can make a difference in the outcomes. Its always fascinating to see that these are things that contribute too. Diabetes, high blood pressure, Heart Disease<\/a> things that are killers. Doctor, thank you so much. Appreciate it. Thank you. If you have questions about race and unconscious bias and you want answers, visit our interactive website at cnn. Com. And well be right back. Facing leaks takes strength. So heres to the strong, who trust in our performance and comfortable, longlasting protection. Because your strength is supported by ours. Depend. The only thing stronger than us, is you. Because your strength is supported by ours. Right now, switch to tmobile and get four lines of unlimited for just 25 bucks a line. With access to americas largest 5g included. Thats right. Unlimited and nationwide 5g for the whole family for just 25 bucks a line. Only at tmobile. Hold on one second. Sure. Okay. Okay safe drivers save 40 guys guys check it out. Safe drivers save 40 safe drivers save 40 safe drivers save 40 thats safe drivers save 40 . It is, thats safe drivers save 40 . Hes right there. Its him hes here. Hes right here. Hi hi. Hey thats totally him. Its him thats totally the guy. Safe drivers do save 40 . Click or call for a quote today. On the eve of the late congressman john lewis to lie in state in d. C. , we must be moved to do more than ever to continue on the course that he helped chart. Never give up, lewis would say, in the ongoing fight to bring health and overall welfare for everyone. You saw from this hour theres still so much work to do. And in the last few months, two evils, covid19 and racism, have only demonstrated how much more vicious than many would believe to be. This pandemic doesnt discriminate. But partly because of persistent disparities. The mortality rate for blacks is twice that of others. And we just heard biasrelated factors from disproportion natsly low pay, limited access to health care or housing can be changed with concerted willingness. So this evening, 100 days out from election day, we salute congressman john lewis for all his legislative accomplishments and for taking a near death beating in selma 55 years ago for all to vote. His last appearance on the bridge this year he said, vote like you have never done before with echoes of his refrain. Do something. Perhaps the best way to say thanks for congressman lewis would be for all of us to do something. Thank you so much for being us. Welcome to our viewers here in the United States<\/a> and around the world. This is a special edition of the situation room. Right now the United States<\/a> still far surpassing all other countries in confirmed coronavirus cases. But there are some emerging spots of optimistic news along with the very bad. Case in point the state of new york, the former epicenter of covid19 infections in the United States<\/a>, the governor releasing what he is now calling really great news. The number of people being hospitalized with the the virus statewide is the the lowest in months. 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