What more fitting close to 1989 than a party at the berlin wall. Thousands of people have gathered at the wall, many of them armed with hammers and chisels to chip away at the remnants of a communist system that seemed to collapse overnight. This enormous celebration which was spontaneous overshadowed the official ceremony attended by the leaders of both east and west germany. President bush sent a signal to Mikhail Gorbachev today, there will be no gloating from the white house over the developments in east germany. I was in the oval office as part of a pool when the wall came down. You dont seem elated and im wondering if youre thinking of the problems. Im not an emotional kind of guy. Bush basically said in effect, im not going to poke gorbachev in the eye. President george h. W. Bush did come into his presidency in the shadow of Ronald Reagan but maybe we had elected the right man at the right time because he was as internationalist. You had had 50 years of the cold war, two visions of the world locked in combat, and then suddenly a whole world of totalitarian rule began to fall. Bush was quite cautious. He was really aware that even subtle messages from the United States could indicate all sorts of things. When the wall fell in berlin, the questions were numerous. I mean, right away, whats going to become of europe. Bulgaria is under a state of alert this morning. Anticommunist protesters set fire to the headquarters of bulgarias governing socialist party and chanted let the communists burn. Tens of thousands of ordinary citizens stormed the headquarters of the hated secret police tonight. The scenes in this moment are incredibly dramatic. People in the streets proclaiming freedom. Some of that was liberation. Some of it had a darker side. Romanias dictator, the last hard line leader in the warsaw pact has been deposed by a popular uprising. Romania was the most oppressive and most grotesque. The only way to overthrow this regime turned out to be by force. Fierce fighting erupted in bucharest. The old guard is fighting the new people. All hell has broken loose. Romanian television aired evidence today of the fate of deposed leader ceausescu. The ceausescus had been made to stand trial on christmas day. In the end, he got the kind of justice that he had dealt out to many of his subjects. At the end of this remarkable week, a week of blood shed in romania and elsewhere comes a reminder tonight of what the struggle is all about. Its about freedom and the reminder comes from berlin. Germany was not just the symbol of the cold war. It was the first great crisis of the cold war. Will germany be reunified . Together, of course, they would form an economic and political power, but would a giant germany state once again dominate europe . The memories are very real, of course. Many europeans were very wary of reuniting germany. They liked the idea that there were two germanys and that germany was therefore weaker. When the european leadership saw the United States favoring a united germany, they were extremely uneasy and resisted. All the same president bush and secretary baker thought this was essential and it was right. We have entered a new era in world affairs, the moment when the actions we take can shape of this new world for years to come. George bushs goal was to get germany to unify within nato. The white house while repeating that the basic principle of german membership of nato is not negotiable, does appear to be putting a major effort into addressing soviet fears and finding a formula which mr. Gorbachev can accept. George bush understood he had a partner in shaping the postwar world, and that partner was Mikhail Gorbachev. But gorbachev wanted to be neutral. Bush always wanted a unified germany and a very disciplined manner, moved gorbachev towards that position. In a major concession, gorbachev agreed to the western position that a unified germany is free to join nato. Once you solved the german problem, you removed the basic source of tension between the two superpowers in the cold war. This is the big photo opportunity, the important picture that president bush came all this way to get at this moment, gorbachev chooses to give president bush his present. The present was a soviet cartoonist depiction of two president s as boxers having just knocked out the cold war with the world as referee. George bush and brent scowcroft, his National Security adviser liked to fish together and one summer, they were fishing and they were thinking about what kind of world would emerge after all the dominos had fallen. Its very rare that the world is so fluid and flexible that World Leaders can think this way, talking about what the world should be, what it could be. What they imagined was the world that didnt happen after world war ii. The world of collective security of big powers, sharing responsibility preventing war. They used the term new world order. How do you achieve it . vo treating others like wed like to be treated has always been our guiding principle. And im the founder of ugmonk. Before shipstation it was crazy. Its great when you see a hundred orders come in, a hundred orders come in, but then you realize ive got a hundred orders i have to ship out. Shipstation streamlined that wh the order data, the weights of , everything is seamlessly put into shipstation, so when we print the shipping ll everythings pretty much done. Its so much easier so now, were ready, bring on t. Shipstation. The number one ch of online sellers. Go to shipstation. Com tv and get two months free. Today in a 45minute state of the nation speech, president de klerk transformed 30 years of south african politics. He promised its most famous leader, nelson mandela, would soon be free. Nelson mandela is probably the best known political prisoner in the world. Hes been in prison for decades because of his actions in leading the Armed Struggle against apartheid in south africa. Mr. Nelson mandela, a free man taking his first steps into a new south africa. While the world is changing in europe, the apartheid government of south africa sees the writing on the wall. South africa which an has been a pariah state wont be able to continue in the postcoldwar world. When hes released from prison, it becomes a global moment that signifies one of the earliest indications that the 1990s is going to be a very different sort of decade. I greet you all. In the name of peace, democracy, and freedom for all. He becomes a moral beacon around the world because of the way he handled himself. So you had this world, this moment in the early 90s when the peacemakers were in charge. The stars aligned. There has been a dangerous latebreaking development in the persian gulf. U. S. Intelligence sources confirm that within the past few hours, more than 100,000 iraqi troops have massed along that countrys border with kuwait. Saddam hussein sends a substantial fleet of tanks and other Mechanized Forces to the kuwaiti border. Its shocking in washington and other western capitals. Saddam had a millionman army and if it invades kuwait, he could very quickly lurch into saudi arabia and the saudis would not have been able to resist. All the oil is on the eastern side of the country right there on the border with iraq. [ speaking Foreign Language ] iraq invaded and took over its tiny neighbor kuwait today. The government of dictator Saddam Hussein claimed it went in at the invitation of revolutionaries who had overthrown the kuwaiti government. No western authority accepted that story. Many americans are concerned that there may be a war. What is required of mr. Bush to say to the americans that he doesnt want war. If you had been in the room with Saddam Hussein and interviewed him for an hour and 15 minutes and spent another hour and a half with him after the interview, i think you would have reached the same conclusion. No question Saddam Hussein was a stone cold killer. This is the opening of the post cold war era of history. If aggression was allowed to stand, nobody thought it would end there. President bush came of age throughout all those decades in which there were world wars, in which there was the west against the soviets. Hed been cia director, hes been ambassador, right . Everything. So he really understood the world. And understood the stakes. But for whatever reason when iraq invaded kuwait, Saddam Hussein honestly thought nobody would care and he almost got away with it. The first saturday of the crisis, i get a call on the phone from brent scowcroft. My boss. He said the president s helicoptering back from camp david. I cant meet him. You have to brief him on the situation. Theres probably going to be a lot of press there. I got to go. The president lands and im out there with my piece of paper. And he took the paper, goes over to the microphone and thats when he just said this will not stand. This will not stand. This aggression against kuwait. Ive got to go. I have to go to work. It was an unusual sound from him. He was firm because he really meant it. Bush had a moral code. I think he got it from his prep school, he got it from his mother. And Saddam Hussein didnt do the honorable thing. He invaded another country. From the day the invasion took place, secretary baker led the effort to build a global coalition. They had two expeditions overseas in which they were going around from capital to capital looking for support. The United NationsSecurity Council has authorized the use of force against iraq. 14 votes in favor, none against, none abstentions. The draft resolution has been adopted. Getting that Massive Alliance together truly goes down in history as one of the greatest accomplishments i think of any president to be able to get that many people on your side, believing in the same thing and ready to do the same thing. What george bush managed to do in iraq with that coalition in effect is to create the beginnings of this new world order. I mean who could have imagined a coalition that would have the soviet union, china and then the middle eastern states, as well. Standing up to one of their own. Hundreds of demonstrators gathered to protest the inevitable. All but one, that is. Whenever america goes to war there is going to be protests in the streets. But you needed congressional support or you wouldnt have popular support. The world looks to the president. He can play an historic role in leading us to solve this crisis in a nonviolent way. Make no mistake about it. Our vital interests are at stake. Bush knew that you had to let that process go forward. You couldnt just declare war and do it. The hope of peace remains in my heart and the hearts of us all, but this debate is now about war. Power in a matter of days can bring this villain to his knees. Let us stop beating the drums of war. Let us oppose this march to violence. Nowhere is it ordained that the new world order must begin with a new world war. They had a Great National debate and the argument for going to war prevailed. President bush said the action by congress now shows Saddam Hussein that the United States government is serious and united in its demand that iraq withdraw from kuwait or face the consequences. We have now closed ranks behind a clear signal of our determination and our resolve to implement the United Nations resolutions. It is no longer a question of if war starts, but how and when. With most Airline Credit cards, you only earn double miles when you buy stuff from that airline. Is this where you typically shop . Is this where anyone typically shops . 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Saddam hussein warned the United States today that american troops would, quote, swim in their own blood if they go to war with iraq. Saddam hussein started this cruel war against kuwait. Tonight, the battle has been joined. About 50 minutes ago, american aircraft suddenly descended on iraq and occupied kuwait. The war in the persian gulf has begun. Secretary weinberger, you were credited with the military buildup which has come to a lot of criticism. We have to go to baghdad, secretary. Something is happening outside. The skies over baghdad have been illuminated. Were seeing bright flashes going off all over the sky. Were getting starbursts in the black sky. The significance in journalism terms was it was the first time which you had extensive live coverage of the war. Our office was on the ninth floor of the el rasheed hotel. We were one of the tallest buildings in baghdad, so we knew that whatever was going to happen, we would be able to see the drama. The military offensive overnight has been described as the largest, the Strongest Air attack in history. Just one comment. Clearly, ive never been there, but this feels like were in the center of hell. Saddam hussein in address to the iraqi people and arab nation says the mother of all wars has started. We told you earlier in the week that the Information Ministry had received its own satellite dish and prior to that, the Foreign Ministry had weve got to run. Somebody is knocking on the door. John and i are going to hide. Peter, here. We opened the door and there were several armed Iraqi Security people. One of them could speak sort of broken english. He said, what are you doing here . You should be in the bunker. I fell to my knees and said i wont go. I dont care about the danger. They looked at me sort of disgustedly and left. So i got up, closed the door. My colleagues emerged from hiding and we continued coverage for the next 12 hours. What is at stake is more than one small country. It is a big idea, a new world order, where diverse nations are drawn together in common cause to achieve the universal aspirations of mankind. Peace and security, freedom and the rule of law. George bush was one of the youngest pilots in the navy. During the second world war. He shot down, survived heroically, really. And that experience is so searing for bush, the experience of being involved in a global war between clear good and clear evil. And so there is a realization that if you can use overwhelming air power, youre going to be able be to not only Iraqi Military forces but youre going to be able to eviscerate iraq as a functioning 20th century nation. You had 40 plus days of air war. And ultimately we began to run low on targets. President bush praises israels continued restraint in the face of last nights attack by iraq when seven scud missiles landed on israel. Saddam hussein tried his damndest to provoke israel into entering this armed conflict, including sending scud missiles into tel aviv. The remains of a house in tel aviv after this mornings scud missile attacks. Eight missiles landed altogether in the haifa and tel aviv central area. There was no warning of them. It was a fairly clever ploy by saddam to split apart the coalition and it took all of the diplomatic wherewithal of the president to keep israel out of the war. The coalition will give Saddam Hussein until noon saturday. If he doesnt begin moving his forces, the allied coalition is on the verge of invading kuwait and iraq by land. We tried to give him some good advice a few months ago. We told them, move it or lose it. They wouldnt move it, now they will lose it. Colin powell, then chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, believed in exerting maximum power on the ground so that you wouldnt be fighting a prolonged war, that this would be quick, decisive. It became known as the powell doctrine. The ground war started this morning as the americans and their allies attack with massive fire power that shook the earth. Were about 15 1 2 hours into a ground war that from all of the sketchy reports that were receiving is going well. So far the offensive is progressing with dramatic success. The troops are doing a great job, but the war is not over yet. What are your impressions of Saddam Hussein as a military strategist . Storminn norman was out of central casting. He is neither a strategist nor is he schooled in the operational art, nor is he a tactician, nor is he a general, nor is he a soldier. Other than that, hes a great military man. I want you to know that. Big and burly and confident. When he came in the briefing room, your chest swelled. It was American Military