Both reforms and what it looks like, from a local government standpoint. Thank you for coming today. And your time and energy you have put into being here and making this session have an. Sessionhappen. Thanks to those in the rooma and those online. I thought it was a little bit about what cna. I met a few people who know cna pretty well but somebody did ask me what cna stood for. The center for naval analysis. I will get into that in a little bit. N profit no institution that uses analysis to help government be more effective. Our approach is unusual in the field of research and analysis. And certainly in this town. That is it involves placing analysts where the action is happening. Re embedded analyst to support operations like combat. And first responders, but also exercises or training for these types of operations. So, the operators really like having an analyst close by, maybe not a first, but certainly as they get used to it. But also, those insights they gain in an operational setting served to influence the recommendations that we ultimately provide. We have two parts to the organization. The first is the center for naval analysis which is the department of navys federally funded research and development center. The origins of the center date back 75 years to the second world war. So, were about to celebrate our 75th anniversary. We developed a some pioneering analytical techniques to help military leaders defeat the uboat threat the other part is the institute for Public Research, ipr. That has been around for 25 years. They apply the same approaches on the defense side of the house. Defense agencies like the department of homeland security, like fema, like the department of education, of course, the department of justice. Our work for the department of justice has been carried out by our Justice Group. I actually slip sometimes and called on the justice league, that goes back to the focus on being on the ground. Anyway, they cover a lot of topics as a group from ambushes on police to body cameras and Critical Incident analyses. After action reports on Lessons Learned from the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police departments ambush incident is emblematic of these reconstructions of incidents. Detailed and comprehensive reconstruction and analysis of the events that occur. While its painful for those involved to have to relive it. The results together or we are talking to them about getting some of the data and getting a sense of what happened, those steps are important to minimize the likelihood that repeatedly tragic events will occur. Like so many of you in the room and online, our Justice Group is heavily involved ing furthering the reform recommendations to the president s task force. That lorio mention robinson has served as a cochair of that task force alongside chief ramsey. She is a member of cnas board of trustees. So, the reforms we are focused on have to do with body worn cameras, crisis intervention training, deescalation training. Procedural justice and bias training an officer wellness programs. So, this session represents that istrade of cna and to look at issues in the broadest possible light. In this case, how Police Reforms affect local government officials and these officials are partners with policing and Public Safety. It is important that their perspectives are incorporated into these efforts. Again, welcome to cna. Im going to turn it back over to chip and hes going to introduce the session in more detail. I want to call out two people. One is denise rodriguez. She is right in front, the coordinator and main driver of today session. An zoe is taking care of the technical aspects of this conference. Welcome to cna. Chip, im turning it back over to you. Thank you. You very much, catherine, for those thoughtful welcoming remarks. It is very nice and gratifying to have your interest and support in the work we do. So, on behalf of the Justice Group, or the justice league, and the safety and Security Division of cna, im very proud to welcome everybody here this afternoon. And for four specific reasons. This is actually the last session in our second series of the executive sessions at cna. We have been doing this for two years now. Been well attended by people with diverse interests. By no means, the last session ever. We will continue the sessions into the coming years. With this sessions focus on local governments, we are branching out a bit from our common theme we have had around policing in america. We want to talk more about the interconnectedness of policing to other social institutions and the need for systemic thinking about social problems and developments. We have with us a very stronger but panelists today. Of experiencet and a lot of passion for the work they do. Im very proud to have them with us. We are proud that this series, this executive series, is totally funded by cna. While we work with government clients, they do not dictate these sessions to us. These are our ideas, collaboratively generated. We are very proud about that. Lets take a quick look at the topic and the agenda for today. This topic was influenced as i noted by our desire to branch out from police only topics. It was also influenced by our conversations with leonard hes a primary consultant with the itma, on matters pertaining to Law Enforcement and Public Safety. I thank leonard for his interest an. I think we can all agree that Police Reform is a national topic. And a national interest. Its not just an artifact of the media. I think we can all agree that this is important to look at how to bring about change in american policings. But its also import to look at the impacts of changes in american policing. Intended or unforeseen. Bringingmore about change to policing and to have a more comprehensive and holistic view of the these things. Our topic for today per diem tech to policing reforms on local government, which we asked you consider a twoway relationship. Certainly policing reforms should have impacts on local government. Certainl government has impacts on policing. We hope to explore both aspects in our conversations this afternoon. Now, todays agenda has book ends. We will start with a presentation from a local government. Perspective and well end with a presentation from a policing perspective. Will find somewe commonalities in those perspectives, but they are uniquely different perspectives as well. In between, well hear from two panels of experts. First, a panel a policing experts to help bring some clarity to the types of reforms that we are talking about here and will offer their perspectives on the relationships between reform and local government. Next, we will hear from a panel of local government and costbenefit experts who will offer their perspectives. What do they expect to get from these reforms . And at what cost . We have reserved time for questions at the close of each speaker. And each panel. So, please let us know what is on your mind. We welcome questions and comments from our group of participants as well as from anybody in the room. Before we begin with our first presenter, permit me a minute to thank everyone. Our ceo Catherine Mcgrady and her leadership team, again thanks for your support, ourcially to tim berris, executive Vice President for the institute for Public Research and dave kaufman our directive of the safety and Security Division. From whom we get the most amazing support for our work here. To our presented for today who graciously accepted our invitations and complied with various requests. Remoteaudiences here and who encourage us with their presence, their intellect, their probing and their collegiality. N the staff particulars who have worked hard to pull this thing together over the last couple months. Thank you one and all. Now lets hear from our first percent or. Presenter. Gould,ing to ask rod former city manager of santa monica, two addresses. To address us. He is a former local government official. You can read his bio. He is a leader, he is a writer, a teacher, a volunteer. He went to great double to trouble to be with us today. We appreciated very much. Thanks. It is a pleasure to be with you today. Thank you for participating in this executive session. I think we need to start with the why. Why Police Reforms . Why is this a subject . I think the answer which is abundantly clear to all of you is that we face a crisis of confidence in american policing these days. Rarely does a week go by when there isnt a new National News story with an officerinvolved shooting owhere the victim is a andon of color who dies Sparks Community outrage. And despite tremendous improvement in crimes is fresh e suppression over the last two decades, the confidence in American Police he has been dropping. And continues to drop. Particularly amongst the poor, young people and people of color. And likewise, the police view of the people they are to protect and serve is also being harmed. According to gallup research, currently 58 of white americans their Police Departments, and only half africanamerican feel the same way. And a total of 49 of all americans believe the criminal Justice System is biased. Know Many Police Officers that serve with integrity. That are just and honor the badge in the communities they serve. We know that. We also know that the systems and cultures of many Police Departments give rise to acts of brutality and violence and lethal acts that are far too co mmon in American Society and tear at the community bric. The advent of Handheld Technology has made too public what has been occurring for far too long in our society. 680,000 Law Enforcement personnel in america are stigmatize with every viral video. So, the police are losing confidence and legitimacy. And that is a threat to our Civil Society and to local government. Yet, there is ample evidence that policing has never been more demanding, requiring highest levels of judgment, emotional maturity, and interpersonal skills. The backlash against Police Officer split many at risk of bodily harm or worse. How do we make sense of these adverse trends in fact . I think a it is time for us to reexamine our local Police Agencies from top to bottom. We must commit to comprehensive reform if we are to stem the tide of the loss of confidence, respect, and trust in american policing. We must revamped our Law Enforcement agencies in terms of both systems and culture. Only by addressing the systems that undergird policing and the sometimes malignant aspects of Police Culture can Law Enforcement regain its rightful place in society and we prevent new this tragedies and losses. The president s task force on 21st Century Policing gives us a great guideline to many promising reforms. Police chiefs and sheriffs. I suggest people examine it and the implantation guide to determine what reforms would be most appropriate in your local jurisdictions. While systems and cultures are intertwined, i would like to parse some of the more prominent reforms for you this afternoon. So, but start with governance. Who many people believe is the father of modern policing, 19th century british fellow, had a principle that said that the police are the public and the public are the police. To that end, whether you operate Council Members form a government, or commission oversees the Police Department, whether you are elected or appointed, you need to engage more deeply with policing because the stakes have never been higher. This is more than budgeting, advocacy, and legislation. Now we need to talk about civilian oversight. New forms of Civic Engagement to reconnect the police with those they are to protect and serve. This is somewhat controversial. And the research is yet to show a causal relation between civilian oversight and improve policing. Yet the demands are great and in each community youre going to need to figure out what level of civilian involvement if not oversight is appropriate for your community. Is it Police Review boards, is a Police Review commissions . But what becomes very clear from the research is that involving the public more and functions that otherwise had been closed off to the public is positive and healthy. That could include recruiting, training, policymaking, and ongoing dialogue on Police Community issues. Review of critical policies is now essential in all Police Agencies across the country. Electedher you are an leader, it administrative, or the chief, you need to start looking at ke policiesy, develop them and you need to do it in concert with the community served and your Police Officers. And their unions. Obviously, the Biggest Issue is use of force. We do not have a National Standard. There is a debate that is upon us amongst the professional police associations. The Police Executive research ownm has issued its guidelines about what use of force policy should be nationwide. The International Association of chiefs of police takes issue recommendations, feeling they go too far and will put officers at risk. You need to engage in this discussion. We need to engage your community and your officers and find what is the right level, what is the right policy on use of force and then train on it and enforce it in your communities. The same goes for consent before searchers. In too many communities, police are lax here. You must ask permission and you must let the people know that they have a right to refuse. That has to be trained and part of an active policy. Mass demonstrations have taught many lessons in america, some of them terrible lessons, about how to avoid a peaceful demonstration becoming a riot. An there are technical and policy lessons to be learned, and you need to develop them way before you have the incident and the demonstration. You need to know how to protect people, exercising the First Amendment rights and also protect other civilians and the police themselves so that everyones rights are protected and it does not degenerate into deep aspirants. You need to have that done it does not degenerate into needless violence. We must respect peoples gender identity, and that means in the holding cells, in jails. We cannot do bodily searches. We have to be much more respectful. There is a prohibition under the law on racial profiling. It is illegal in the United States. Even though there is a prominent candidate for president who would instituted for a particular religion. It is illegal and it is wrong, and your policies must indicate so, and you must train on it and you must discipline is necessary. Performance measures. Done. S measured is you need to ask yourself, what are your measuring in your Police Department, because there may be unintended consequences for what you are measuring. You also need to ask yourself what are you doing with that information and does the public have access to it . A collection and recording of data. Police departments generate a whole lot of it more useful than others. You need to go back and audit and ask are we collecting the right data, putting it to some use and how much of it is acceptable to the public, how much are we going to report . Then there is the use of technology. Technology is a wonderful thing, manyts also a bane on forms of invisible service. Because it will always outstrip policy. Whether it is body worn cameras or drones or facial Recognition Software or advanced uses of social media. The technology will always outstrip our ability to decide how and when to use it. So, if you are going to embrace the technology, you need to get out front and decide under what circumstances are you going to use it, are you going to protect privacy, who gets to control it, how much of it is going to be non,ublic, what are essential uses what is offlimits . You need to get clear on your technology policies. Then you need to emphasize partnerships, because too often Police Departments operate somewhat in their own silos separate from the rest of the organization and believe that they and they alone can keep order and prevent crimes in the community. And that is absolutely false. Unless the Police Department are with other community agencies, other city departments. Community Mental Health, the schools, nonprofits, social services and the like, you will never be and so, you need to emphasize this in your policies and practices. One thing the research is a showing that the public cares just as much about how it is treated as outcomes. Yes, the public was the police to catch the bad guys and prevent crime and disorder but the public wants procedural justice. And your policies have to be, o procedural t justice. Lets go to recruitment. We need to change the way we recruit. For Police Officers. This is an incredibly important role. And recruiting is getting hard