It. So, i look at some of these things and i think it is very unlikely they will be carried out. However, i do agree that the message has to be counteracted. And i think the only way to do it is to have people acting in a way that counters the message because in the end, it is all done at a micro level at the community level. React more tok, of individual interaction the speech. So, i am hopeful that i think that most americans, if you ask, did not sign on to the most extreme version of some of the rhetoric that was said. Downnk as things settle and emotions cool, the space for more measured tones will be present. April walls, department of state. Thank you for your comments. Particularly online in general chat rooms, dating sites, and on other social media places, the role of the private sector in combating extremism and radicalization has become a news topics, whether in San Bernardino or elsewhere. The private sector has been somewhat concerned about the slippery slope associated with getting involved in government. And i wondered if you had any specific acts you would make that would straddle the line that the private sector would be able to get on board for . Mean, i believe in the first amendment. However, i think there is a space where the government can provide information assistance that does not impose on the first amendment. And maybe we get overly nervous at times that if media platforms do anything directive at all that somehow that is violating some principle and to be honest with you, to me, even my own thought processes are changing. But i will say this. Many platforms are spending enormous amount of time and effort selling his stuff. They have no problem directing you or incentivizing you to click on things, which they get paid for. And i is just in order to make money. If public spirited people, without being told they had to, but being encouraged, what if they began to use those resources to see if they could direct people away from extremist behavior and thought . You can argue there are some things that you could shut down. That is not protected by the first amendment. But even before you get to that, are there ways to essentially blunt some of the messaging by using some of the same skills . To me, i think this is well worth at least thinking about. Publicvate sector has a spirited element as well. But they also have their longterm selfinterests. One thing they do not want to do is cook the goose that laid the golden egg. A couple of things. I feel like i paid you to ask the question. I am quite passionate about it. I wanted to say a couple things in relation to the private sector. You are specifically talking about the technology sector. I want to be super clear and make sure everybody remembers people do not get radicalized in only one way. It is an online and offline thing that happens. I think that these ideas that you just go to your smartphone and you watch something and boom, switches are thrown in another direction. Something is happening to that person outside and on their smartphone. The issue of where the private sector broadly can make a difference. Certainly, everything the secretary just said about expertise in that particular sector that can help move people in a different direction can provide new content at scale at a pace where we really need them to see it to do a lot of other things with the algorithms, to change the nature of the experience for that young person. But there is Something Else outside of those things that we never talk about and i want to use this opportunity to mention it. The first is, government money to work on issues countering violent extremism comes with an optic that is very hard for nonprofits to bear. When a nonprofit takes u. S. Government money, there is this idea that the government is telling me what to do. The most credible money comes from the community, a community of individuals and philanthropists, as well as a business, that says we need stable and safe communities and we as a business are going to put our money where our mouth is and we are going to help both of the same way we fight poverty and hiv, the same way businesses invest in another host of human problems. So, the private sector has not paid attention to this issue in a way that allows them to think about this differently. And give their money and expertise to it in a different way. And the final point is, i think the most important. It goes to your point. This issue of people getting radicalized and moving towards a group like isis is a community problem. This is not just a muslim problem. This is not just a Law Enforcement problem. This is our problem, which means that all of us have solutions there. And i think that there is great hope and great promise in the private sector in the United States of america that can make a difference with small businesses, as well as Global Corporations that can activate the way we activated around hivaids, because it took everybody in the community over 25 years to put that attention to their disease so that in 25 years we were in a very different place. Led with the question, what happens if the private sector applies itself to this issue in the same way . I would say, going with the theme of going from the strategic to the operational and tactical, i will give the tactical example. I meet with many of the community, many of those private sector organizations, but on large properties. I amsually when i go there preceded or followed by some kind of active Shooter Training or Something Like that. From aage to them technical perspective is, all these people are in our community. Eight hours of those days they are in your community. You should know them just as well as everybody else. Engage with your people. Note is going on with your know what is going on with your coworkers. We are in a world now where we are disassociated with people because of the ability to go online and do other things like that. Know who was working for you. Know what they are doing. Have managers, leaders in your organization understand, where are the people in your organization . Know your people. Thats the bottom line. If you know your people you can identify these things early before they become larger problems. So, sticking with the tactical side of this, which i will gladly pull out that end of it, as i talk to groups before we get to an active shooter situation, he should have known that this person had a propensity to perhaps, go in that direction. You should be able to see it. Mr. Shanker we only have 90 seconds left and i promised to end on time. I have three gigantic thank yous. To the council for once again hosting a very educational and intriguing discussion and most law, to our three experts who share their time and wisdom with us. Thank you all. [applause] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. Visit ncicap. Org] the Holiday Season kicked off on capitol hill today with the arrival of the capitol christmas tree. From0 feet first traveled the Payette National forest in idaho. It will be decorated with 18,000 handmade ornaments with the reviews and recycle team. Reuse and recycle team. Lets watch. The house returns from their thanksgiving break tomorrow. In the morning, we will hear from Majority Leader Kevin Mccarthy on his partys legislative priorities for the lameduck session. That is live at 8 00 a. M. Eastern on cspan 2. Chris coons and any, shot set down the republican senator to talk about the upcoming 115th congress and the Trump Administration. Live at six ago p. M. Eastern on cspan 3. Live at 6 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan 3. Earlier on washington journal we took a look at the future of nato and washingtons role in the organization. Do you still fear for the safety of the west of donald trump was elected . Faced on thent was Election Campaign. Specific statement was of particular concern, namely that he raised doubts about the american commitment. That was on the campaign trail. Thehe has become president elect. I hope he understands that as president he cannot raise such doubts because that would undermine nato. Sowhat has his appointments far for those National Security posts mentor to you . What signals are you seeing in general michael flynn, congress and mike pompeo congressman mike pompeo, the retired general as defense secretary . I think he has picked, and on the rumors who he might take as secretary of defense and maybe also, secretary of state, are promising. We know these people. We know they are reasonable people. I think it could be considered a reassurance at large, which i think under the current circumstances are very important. What is the proper role for the United States when it comes to nato . Well, we take leadership. That is a general statement from my side. Recently i published a book called the will to lead, where my main point is that if the United States retreats from the world, or even if the u. S. Is perceived to retreat, he will leave behind a vacuum, a security vacuum. This would be filled by the bad guys. This is what we have seen. Nato, we also need American Leadership and we need who will actually use nato. What does america get out of the commitment that it gives to nato . We get a lot. I would say nato is the best defense field that you have ever share withe you other countries. And while i fully agree with president elect trump that the europeans should pay much more for the common security, it is a fact that the europeans have actually contributed a lot. But also, in other places in the troopswe have deployed and we have helped the United States. For a relatively low cost, you get a lot of advantages. Does nato need to evolve . Absolutely. How . Well, you have just seen how nato has responded to the russian aggression in Eastern Europe. After the russian attack on ukraine, nato decided to reinforce the Territorial Defense by deploying more troops in the east. Personally, i also think nato could put a much stronger role in north africa and italy, an area where i do believe that a Trump Administration could use nato much more. We are talking with the former secretarygeneral of nato 2014. 009 to 2 we will be talking about nato in the last 30 minutes of our program. He is here to answer your questions and comments. Democrats, [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2016] democrats, [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2016] democrats, 2027488000. 2027488001. I am tired of donald trump being compared. As far as with nato. I think it was a color that made that comparison, not our guest. But go ahead with your comment about nato. I have about the same opinion of what i have with the united nations. The United States supplies most of the troops, almost all of the money, and all we get is a big bill and a lot of problems. Amount youy the same know, as what we do and put in the same number of troops as we do and let them handle themselves like that, instead of the United States having to be the police force for europe, asia, all of the middle east and everything else. I am tired of the United States having to do all of this stuff. These people should start coming up and giving up their share of the money. Well. Nderstand very as i indicated, i fully agree that the europeans could and should pay more for our common security. That ined two years ago the nato summit, all nato allies mark, which is they will invest 2 at least of gdp in defense. How many countries actually do that right now . Actually, it is only five out of 28 that do that right now. 2016e notknow that in already, many countries invested more in defense than they did in 2015. In that respect, president putins aggressive behavior has really convinced the europeans they should pay more. Having said that, i do not agree with you when you say that the u. S. Should let others handle things themselves. Whethero say directly, you like it or not, i think the u. S. Should be the worlds policeman. I know it is not a popular message in all camps, but it requires a policeman to restore International Law and order. And whether you like it or not, superpower the only with a global writ, and with that responsibility also comes or with the exceptional profession also comes responsibilities. Selfinterest. S. Actually, to be the worlds policeman because if you do not go abroad, if you do not go overseas and strike your enemies there, they will have you in the showedd that is what we on 9 11. Use your selfinterest to demonstrate that leadership. Brandon, a republican is next. A guest mentioned the buildup in the nato forces after the russian involvement in ukraine. But expensive wargaming analysis and simulations show that russia could speak to Baltic States in a matter of hours. That is my first point. The second point was, where is nato with regards to the Immigration Crisis in terms of keeping the bad people from disguising themselves among the innocent when they are fleeing to europe. , we have really strengthened the vetting procedures in europe. Obviously, we cannot give a 100 guarantee. It is an evolving project, but i am still pretty short that we takes to prevent those people from entering europe. What are some examples of that . What will it take and how much will it cost to do that . Cost,l, i do not know the i suppose. I do not know the figure. Host a massive new investment by the United States . Of course it will be an investment. Actually, i do believe that this is an area where we need more europe. I would suggest that in europe, we hand over the external Border Controls to the European Union because the problem in europe is that we cannot uphold the Free Movement in europe if you do not trust the external Border Control. So, i would suggest a strengthened external Border Control and handing it over to the European Union. That is a very controversial question, but it would be similar to the system you have in the u. S. I think we could learn from that. Host the first question was about russia and its abilities, especially in the Baltic States. If they make a true effort to take over that territory, how could we stop that . And this is the reason why we have adopted a socalled action plan within nato,. A core point in that is a spearhead force, a very Rapid Reaction force that can be activated within two to three days. And when the Rapid Reaction force has been deployed, it will be followed by more massive troops contingent. So, we have done what is necessary here now, but i agree that it is a situation that should be closely monitored and ia lso also think we need to te further steps if the russians continue their aggressive behavior. I do believe the time has come to consider the establishment of a permanent basis in the east, because eventually, that is the only way to prevent a sort of russian attack. Host wanda is in california, a republican. Wanda coming you are on with anders fogh rasmussen. I just want to say, how good is nato when nato cant even protect europe . It lost its will to exist. They have not even acknowledged the fact that there is an innovation happening all over europe right now that is going to islamicize the entire continent. So, what good is nato anyhow . Yeah, i do believe that nato is and will remain the bedrock uroatlantic security, in in europ europe and in the u. S. This is why many European Countries have already joined nato i. In 2004, the massively enlarged nato because they know ,the European Countries know that they are better defended within nato than outside nato. So, i dont think it is that europetate has lost its will to exist. On the contrary, you still have countries in europe cueing up to become members of nato. If you ask ukrainians and georgians, the People Living in ukraine and georgia, they would very much like to join nato. They cannot at the moment, but maybe once in the future. So, i think, the fact that we have enlarged nato, the fact that a lot of countries are killing up to become members of nato are a testament to the fact that europeans know at least how important nato is for security. Host we would be interested in hearing from a few callers outside of the United States in this segment. If you are out of the united. Tates, 2027488003 democrats, 202 7488001. Democrats, 2027488000. 2027488001. Ww. Cspan. Or actually, i did not know until the very last moment when it would be possible because one nation, namely turkey was strongly opposed to my election as secretarygeneral of nato. Host why . I dont know. Maybe some of you recall that in 2006 we had the socalled cartoon crisis in denmark. Because a danish youth paper had published some caricatures, some drawings of the prophet muhammad. Many muslims were strongly opposed to it. That incurred a lot of violence. At least that was what the turks publicly used to oppose my candidacy. But eventually, they exempted. Host does it have to be unanimous . Yes, and that is another important feature of nato. All decisions must be taken unanimously. Which means that you cannot act in nato without accept from all 28 allies. That also goes for the elections of the secretarygeneral. Host is that slow things down . Bs, in a way it does. Yes, in a way it does. But on the other hand, once you have that consensus, you can move. Excellent example of that. Once it was taken, then nato actually moved.