That the Power Africa Team is focused on a number of projects they are trying to push forward. I would expect things are as transparent as possible. There is certainly an entre to say, who are the guys you are talking to . Those are opportunities. The two questions that were directed toward me the competition from china. I do not see it as competition. As and epc contractor, we obviously compete with Chinese Companies and have competed with Chinese Companies. We submitted a bid today for a contract in tanzania. It is tough for us to compete with chinese contractors. We are more expensive at the end of the day. But we also intend to use equipment that is more reliable. You have to pay for that. Overall, at the macro level, i do not see it as competition. Chinese companies and the Chinese Government have done Amazing Things in africa in terms of roads and infrastructure. There is so much to be done that it is not a matter of competition. We have come late to the game in a way. As everybody knows, the Development Projects and the interest sector projects in africa have been an element of Chinese Foreign policy. They have been able to provide low interest loans to get this stuff done by chinese contractors. We just do not have that system. We are more expensive. It is harder. It is a different kind of approach to doing a development in africa. Overall, i would not call it competition. There is so much work to be done that there are opportunities for partnerships and everybody can pull off a piece and be doing Work Together. I will give you an example. In tanzania right now, the chinese are constructing a gas pipeline. Everybody who owns power patents power plants is looking forward to that happening. Douse your fears about unintended consequences. Absolutely not. [laughter] there are a lot of initiatives coming out of the u. S. Government. We have been involved in them. There is always the danger that people lose interest. It was a Great Initiative and people got excited and it was super sexy and the money just does not show up. We are not funding it anymore and things happen. This is something that is too important. It has become such a Signature Initiative and have so much by parsons support that i think the rest of that happening with this and is there is so much bipartisan support that i think the risk of that happening is relatively low. It has the support of the african government and Civil Society and the development community. It is continuing to go fairly strongly. Most of the key points have been hit on. Maybe just one or two things to add on additional it. In terms of where the money is coming from and if there is any risk for humanitarian programs, we work on many different issues global health, we have a number of different priorities. This would be an issue we would be focused on. We have not seen any tangible rest risk in the near torn near term. We will see how it transforms over time. Most of the resources that were announced do not require congressional appropriations. They are not branch resources. Most of them will make the u. S. Government money. Of that announcement, i would expect not knowing the Financial Engineering or all the commitments, this will be a net positive for the deficit. Profits are coming in from opecic opic and usaid. It is quite an interesting model in the environment that we are operating in. It feeds into some of the bipartisan support you will probably see on this. I do not see any risk right now. It is something to watch Going Forward in subsequent stages. On the china competition, the one saying that chris hit on adequately and the one thing i would say is that i didnt necessarily mean the u. S. Government is late to the continent, just late to this particular issue. Ben is a leader on so many other issues on the continent, but behind the curve on the power sector. Pun intended. In terms of unintended consequences, one of the challenges our risks there are so many risks on these projects that from the one campaigns perspective we are quite worried about. I will mention one or two. Now that this issue has gained so much prominence in this country in the development context, it has been in the space in germany, france, japan and other places, but not so much in america. There are some successes and this continues to go forward and be incorporated into the core sections of how this place does development. For all of the reasons i mentioned before, just responding to what everyone wants. This is the center of the venn diagram. How could you not be working on this issue . There are a couple of projects that do not hit the mark, fails for whatever reason, very worried about what the consequences could mean over the medium to long term. I will stop at that point. Two really quickly. If i seemed overly excited about the initiative, i was doing a good job of trying to be positive. I do not think it has any greater likelihood of succeeding than any of the other one of these we have seen in recent memory. That does not mean it has a good chance of failing either or that you should not be doing it. There are good analogies for what could happen or what could not go well. We have analogies on the energy side for doing projectbased spending with lots of exuberance that did not go well. It was politically think up on in this town and has done a lot in terms of what we are able to put into r d spending on the clean energy side. The thing that i get worried about with these initiatives and this is because of my government background it sucks energy away from people who have been doing this away doing this for a long period of time. It is really, really, really important to say, i am having an interagency meeting to make sure we are all talking to each other. It is fantastic. The vast majority of the American Public would be shocked if you were not doing that in the first place. Talk to people left money they want to invest in large quantities on a regular basis. I have no doubt that is happening, too. The transparent about the Strategic Thinking and the creative thinking you are putting into these projects. It is not like one Initiative Like this is going to crack the development world. I do not mean to say that glibly. But you have to keep working at it and being transparent about the intellectual discourse that is going on behind these things. It is a really helpful thing to everybody to get involved in from a political standpoint here in washington pet the competition with china thing standpoint here in washington. The competition with china thing, america choose response really, really well with competition unless they respond really, really badly. Just on the rest side, too, so much of this realized on the response from the african relies on the response from the african government. You wonder why they have not gotten it together on the power such a sector for decades. It has become this monumental decade monumental obstacle. It has taken 1015 years to get the regulatory structure in place. They have taken some hard decisions and costreflective tariffs that are politically reductive. Every nigerian president comes in and makes power. It quickly bogs down into vested interest and the difficulty of disentangling and privatizing the sector and uncoupling pieces together. The ambition of putting a transactional adviser into one of these ministries and expecting a young, energetic american to turn one of these massive bureaucracies are around. The focus on the transnational, a project by project focus is important. Ultimately, to hang together you need a sectorwide performance and political to choices that need to get made. If you start to hit that wall or the bureaucratic morass that you were talking about, you can see some of the energy leaking out of this a little bit. The good feeling and momentum that is happening right now begins to fade away. It is always great to start this out optimistic. What is it that will make this work . What is needed to make it work for the u. S. And the u. S. Congress and the private sector and for african partners and african governments and constituencies. In gauging Civil Society in these countries and saying what is at stake here. What is the opportunity. What is the importance of holding your government to account to make this work. Thank you very much. I find, in this jam packed room, the most optimistic and most realistic questions. The question i would like to have to ask, the chinese are there anywhere and they are going everywhere. Their quality of work and the prices are relatively cheaper. Then they shot on scales shop on scales. How do you navigate your cause while competing with the chinese . Your quality is superior. Cause of that the contract is up a high price. Thank you. Of a high price. Thank you so much. I am from tanzania. Ive volunteered for the east african unity. I am a student of international relations. My question goes with the gentleman who has been in tanzania. I have been in tanzania five years and the issue of electricity is critical. What have you laid down . In tanzania, the daily crime is electricity to show that the government has failed. If your company has been their four years, what strategies are you using . Many people in tanzania are focusing on chinese projects. They say when the chinese come, they do not talk. You give the time line and you see something is happening. Now in tanzania, people are thinking of having the government privatized the unesco company privatize the unesco company. Obama came to my own country in tanzania. I was privileged to see america is coming to africa or are we having another talkshow continuing . Thank you. Been delayed on the aisle. Then the lady on the aisle. I have another question from 3,000 feet. Something i am is still unclear about. I am still earned sure how much of the portfolio will be renewable and how much will be oil and gas. When you look at the white house fact sheet, a fair proportion of that money is earmarked for renewables. Realistically, what are we looking at for renewables as we go forward with this . Thank you. I am associated with the contraglobal corporation that is a pioneer investor in africa. We are generating power and selling it in five african countries right now. We are extracting gas with a new technology we invented. We are currently looking at the gasification of ong as a way of getting rid of heavy fuel oil. Now my question. I seriously doubt the value of including ethiopia in this six country mix. We have been going there every year for five years offering to invest in private power generation. We have been refused each time. It is a marxistleninist regime that has no interest in private investment in power. Why did the United States use that country . I make a recommendation that we switch right away. [laughter] you want to start off . Yes. I will start with ethiopia. Maybe this is a way of trying to move that for with. We have both been hearing years now that that is going to change. There are moves afoot for the ethiopians to start allowing it. I am just guessing that it is the idea to try to incentivize them to do this. The money is there, lets try to do some projects. I will go down the list. How do we deal with the issues raised by competition with china . I will leave it at that. We are a u. S. Company. We cannot do things other companies can do and other companies do do, whether they are chinese or whoever they are. We developed relationships and maintain those relationships. We also do it through how we do business. That has real value in a lot of african countries. It is in stark contrast to the way of a lot of chinese contractors operate. I will leave that makes a difference. It is making the Business Case for a seat being and of the wouldbe a responsible business. That is how we have managed that issue. Make no mistake, it does take a longer. There are certain things you can get done as another company that we cannot do. To get our invoice to be toppled that stack, we have to be in their nonstop saying pay, pay, pay,. Others pay, pay. Pay. Others do not have to do that. In tanzania, we do everything to keep the lights on. We have not been paid for all of the reasons you are familiar with. They are contributing to the calls for privatization. It is difficult. The Organization Needs serious reform. Even people within the organization will tell you that. It has not been up to par. We talked about costeffective terrorist. That is an important element we talked about costeffective tariffs. We made a commitment to the president. We have had to manage it off of our Balance Sheet to put fuel in the jets and buy fuel for our plant. We kept them ready even though we have not been paid. That goes to the point of, we are staying in there. It is a result of the way we did business in tanzania. There is a lot of gas and we want to take advantage of that. Part of this project is to build 660 kilometers of transmission lines. 660 kilometers of transmission lines 650 kilometers of transmission lines. We keep the lights on as much as it hurts sometimes. I just want to jump into the question on the portfolio about renewables. I went down this list. There is a really great list of all the african countries with selfcapacity an average terrorists tarrifs retail renewal. Helmet how many countries have a tarrif that is over 17 cents . I am pulley that out of the air. It is pretty hard to do a renewable it is pretty i am pulling back out of the air. There are only six out of 26 countries. How do you make it Renewable Energy project commercially viable when that is with their retail terrorist jerez tarrif is . Unless use the less you subsidize the tarrif, and there are a lot of incidents allowing you to do that, these projects are not commercially viable. They are in certain circumstances. Your mix at the outset is going to be low. That leads to a point ben was making. I am a moderators nightmare. [laughter] we started talking startedopic. We started talking about opic. It is controversial. Opic is this enormous amount of debt that is there that we can take advantage of, that we want to take advantage of. If i have a 700 million private that runs off of gas, i do not have access to opic because of the carbon cap. The question is, well this failed . That is a real risk. There is a major the question is, will this fail . The gas is in a lot of countries and we have to find a way to take advantage of that gas in a way that we can finance it through power africa. These are the challenging issues people have to focus on. I will shut up now. On the carbon cap, i want to give you an example of something that worked without too much government support. That was a pipeline from bolivia taking natural gas to sao paolo. They went through three countries, peru paraguay and brazil. Peru, paraguay, brazil. It was done by enron. They found a way to privatize capital to get things done. I do not know how they did it. Environmental concerns to run pipelines. It got done. It is making money. I think you can find similar situations in africa if you get a market that is willing to pay. Investment bankers can come in and do things that u. S. Agencies cannot. There has to be the demand and a market price for it. You either believe your access to electricity is commercially competitive or you do not. Some policies allow you to test that theory while others allow people to access money on the make it difficult for people to access money on the other side. It was a different time when we were looking at building up support within various u. S. Government agencies for reducing gashouse emissions. We were doing it in a lot of different ways. It was lauded for the same reasons it is being derided, for this cap. How do you incentivize low Carbon Energy technologies . Is that something that makes sense in this new framework we are seeing or is it something that is making it problematic. That is an ongoing debate. We go back and forth between this world where we believe some of these technologies and services are costcompetitive when they are not. I think we need to prove that on a case by case basis in lots of different places over and over again. That is what competition and the private sector are about. The role for government is to figure out how to best play in that cannot be prescriptive. I just want to add 1 or two senses that one or two sentences to the points that sarah made. As always, it is complicated or complex or wherever. It is the rural and off great areas. It is also urban. This should never only be a rural access issue. If that is what you are talking about, maybe solar mantegnas might be a stop gap. If you talk in rural villages, people will say, thanks for the lights, but that is not enough. I want to be able to serve a small firm and do whatever. Where the government should be focusing and how access is defined is important. When i said a mix before at the very top, i was also intending or intimating a mix between rural, urban. It is across the spectrum. The issue from our perspective is, lets not handicap ourselves in terms of being able to push on certain issues. It is one to be appropriate and customize according to different circumstances and customized according to different circumstances across the country. We are at time. This has just been fascinating to me. Thank you also must fourth joining us. I hope we can take andrew up on his suggestion that we reconvene in a year and take a look back. The help we will be working together in the interim and drawing on your expertise to that process. [applause] [captioning performed by national captioning institute] [captions Copyright National cable satellite corp. 2013] a look outside the u. S. Capitol. The house returns tomorrow with work this week on the bill. The individual mandate calls for this under the healthcare law. Senate majority leader has called for a closeddoor meeting. Proposed changes for the filibuster rule. Wish to speak following the meeting. Last week, a dispute of others among Party Leaders to the president s executive nominee. There are top spots at the labor department, Environmental Protection agency in Consumer Finance reduction bureau. He has also put forward three nominees for the National Labor relations