The Traffic Safety administration gave at the lifesavers award in 2010 and the Justice Department gave judge long an award in 2013. Alm. S left is stephen he is a judge in hawaii. He was the attorney for the district of hawaii. He took the bench in 2001 and has been a circuit judge in honolulu ever sense. A he has established the hope program as a means of using probation and drug testing and the imposition of certain punishments as a means of deterring illegal drug use and crime. He runs both the hope and add hope programs for why. Like the 24 7 the program, the hope row graham has received numerous awards. The specialeceived merit citation. 2009, he received the mcgovern award. 2013, the Kennedy School of government named it one of the top 25 innovations in government. He received an, award and is here now only after receiving that and will be able to tell you about that in this program. Dr. Robert l dupont. He is the director of Unity Services for the district of Columbia Department of corrections. , he273 1970 273 became the second white house drug chief. That is now known as the drug czar. He left the government in 1978 to found the institute for behavior and health, a nonprofit policy Development Organization that devoted to the reduction of drug use. He is a clinical professor of psychiatry at the Georgetown University school of medicine leading president of a Employee Assistance provider. He has devoted his career to an analysis of the link between addiction and corrections and the creation of opportunities to reduce drug and alcohol abuse. Them aoin me in giving hand as well is listening to what each of them has to say. Veryone will talk about important Public Policies and how we can do them. Thank you. [applause] good morning. I am larry long. The justiceota, system is fueled by alcohol and repeat offenders. 2010, 37 of felony convictions for drunk driving. Felony drug driver in south dakota has accumulated at least three dui conventions in a tenyear. Is bent to the system twice and been convicted 40 he gets his third offense and makes it to a felony level. That is a repeat offender by any measure. After i was elected attorney theral and took office, governor asked me to serve on a workgroup to tackle the increasing risen population. Proposed andand Alcohol Testing program i had used 20 years in bennett county, i was thed where state attorney for 18 years. The 24 7osal became sobriety project. The original goal of the crown checked was to keep the defendant sober 24 hours a day, seven days a week. As we started experimenting with groupogram, our target was repeat offenders. That was anybody who had a prior conviction in the previous 10 years. The tools that we used for that merriment and that tyler were the conditions of pretrial release, bond the conditions. There were five of them. First, that defendant was told he could not consume alcohol at all. Oh second, you cant go to a bar. That is anyplace a call was available for purchase and consumption on the premises. The third was you show up with the Sheriffs Office every morning and every evening and take a breath test so we can verify that you are compliant with condition number one. The fourth condition was if you skip or fail, you will go to jail. The fifth condition was youll be released the next day and we will put you back in the system and youll start over. The design of the system was to operate like an electric fence. The how many of you have touched electric fence . How many of you have touched it a second time . [laughter] its not more complicated than that. Started down the process of putting this program together. We meekly ran into some issues. The first issue is south dakota is a very rural state. Some of the people livefar away from the test site. Milesad to travel 60 twice a day to comply with the test requirements. We adopted a tool. A bracelet yous, wear on your leg. It gathers the emissions from your sweat glands and tests them for the presence of our call on an hourly basis. I love them to be tested and not have to travel. Them to be tested and not to travel. Wereof the participants switching from alcohol to some of the drug in order to maintain their high or whatever and deal with their issues. We implemented a urinalysis Testing Program as a supplement to the Alcohol Testing program. Those people had to test about twice a week. That identified a third problem. Many of the counties are very small. Sheriffs office only has one fulltime sheriff and maybe one or two parttime staff. More staffrequires than that. We adopted the drug patch. The feds use this regularly. Federal probation uses it a lot. Intoopted the drug patch our arsenal of tools to run our program. Pilote successful in our the south Dakota Legislature had approved our program and authorized for use statewide. As it sounds now in south dakota, the 24 7 of bridie project is available for all crimes, not just drunk driving. That reflects the reality that there are lots of crimes that are alcohol related to have nothing to do with drunk driving. Those people are good candidates for the system. Available at bond level. If it is also available for judges to use postconviction as a condition of a suspended sentence. It is available to the parole board of so the parole board can release individuals under supervised release for alcohol and drug use as a condition of being discharged from the penitentiary. Is, are we doing any good . I will call your attention to the first slide. It may be difficult to read. We have been doing twice a day testing sense 2005. Been over 34,000 participants in south dakota. They have been tested 7. 1 million times. Rate for that group is meant 9. 2 . For every 100 tests that are performed, over 99 times the person shows up on time and blows a clean test. Implementedis was in 2007, thereve been 4000 participants. They are tested twice a week. That passing rate is 96 . The drug patch is not used widely. We have had 200 city five participants. Two 82 . Rate is these stats are for the bracelet and ignition interlock we have recently implemented. This bracelet in effect in 2006. There been 7000 people who have worn the bracelet and they have worn it for one million days. The individuals there had been fully compliant. , they have been fully compliant. Tampers and noo confirmed drinking events. The ignition interlock is a device we recently put in. There is a mistake in my slide. Effects actually put in in 2012. Participants have a success rate of 95 . We have doneterm, some good. In the longterm we have some done some good in as well. We have done some recidivism. Or define recidivism as the length of time from become cliche and the 24 7 Sobriety Program to the next arrest for dui. The participants are individuals who were convicted of second or third duis. At all levels for all participants, there was a 50 rear rest ratee for participants of the 20 47 program. 47 program. Tony 47 program. 4 7 program. My favorite slide. These are alcohol related traffic fatalities in south dakota from 2000 through 2013. Charts, theat the bars in red represent the five years before we implemented the program. The average death rate annually was 83. , that hase years dropped to 55. 3. There are a lot of reasons for that. There are a lot of reasons for that. Betterwear our seatbelts than we used to. I am sure there are other factors. But i think that the 24 7 program is part of that equation. Day for2200 people a alcohol consumption. I am confident that that has nothing in terms of reducing traffic does in south dakota. So, thank you. [applause] good morning, everybody. I am a judge. I was a career prosecutor. The only state where the defenses through the defense. I was the first prosecutor on the Circuit Court bench. I ate lunch alone a lot. Then, i was the United States attorney. I bring that up, because starting Something Like hope is a challenge. Being a career prosecutor gave me the credibility to do it. Felony probation, we had 8000 people on felony probation on oahu. Lots of problems. The system itself is broken. At sentencing, a judge would read all of these provisions. Community supervision the judge will say no alcohol, no drugs. Some people will do fine on that. Many people will fail. When they fail, they have two choices. Work with the person and encourage them, threaten them, cajole them. You understand this is a violation, yes. If this keeps up, you might go back and get years in prison. The person leaves the Office Understanding that this is not serious. I will keep getting high and do it until something stops me. The probation officers choice is either talking to them and writing up the violation, coming back to court and asking me to give them 510 years in prison. It is call or nothing. Send them to prison or some them to the beach. This is not on probation officers. They dont have the tools. The first week on the felony trial calendar, i looked at this with 20 violations. The appeal was given up. I spent time documenting all the violations, got the person and brought them back. Recommended sending them to prison for 510 years. What a crazy way to try to change anyones behavior. I thought this does not work. I thought about how my wife and i had raised her son. Parents tell you what the family roles are. If there is misbehavior, something happens immediately. It does not have to be severe, but it has to be swift and a has to be certain. Doing your kids learn to tie together bad behavior with consequences. That was the simple idea behind this. This is june 2004. We kicked off the program in october 2004. If you test positive, you are arrested on the spot. We go to jail and have a hearing two days later. I probably let them out because they came knowing that they had that. They have to call a random drug test topline. Every weekday, they have to call this hotline. Their color comes up once or twice a week. Drug courts are great. They can be very effective with whatever population there working with. Often work with a lower risk population. We have now shifted to a high risk population. You see them every week. You see how they are doing. I only see them when they are violent. I am able to supervise a large number of people. This program started october 1, 2004 with 34 offenders. I told them at the first hearing that Everyone Wants you to succeed on probation. The taxpayers want you to succeed. It is 45,000 per year to lock you up. Whether you get there is up to you. You control yourself. Ill bust someone put a gun to your head, no one can make you do it. I said i can control what im going to do. In the future, youre likely to go to present if there are any violations of probation. So, you can look at hopeprobation. Org. Docs started a website to explain. We want you to be successful. We are all human beings, we can make mistakes. The sanctions will be very short. If you dont show up at all, Law Enforcement folks have to look for you. It will be at least 30 days. You will make your own choices. Law schools talk about procedural justice. It usually does not happen. The system is not set up for that. The more due process there will be. The longer it takes for anything to happen. Hope probation is swift, certain, insistent, and proportionate. Were convinced that one of the chief reasons it works is we are treating people fairly. Were treating them like adults. So, i thought at the beginning it just made sense. Lets target the toughest population. Hope is not a boutique court. It is a strategy german organization. We said, lets get the people most likely to fail. Sex offenders, Domestic Violence offenders. That is what we want to focus on. We want theviolent, probation officers to refer to these cases. We focus on the highest risk. We started with no extra funding. We did not have anybody who is smarter or harder. I have the marshall to use his task force for this program. If you dont show up for a drug test, i will issue a warrant. If you show up and admit to it, you get dirty days. We try to shape behavior. Some of these folks are knuckleheads. Go to jail every violation. The truly violent and dangerous should be sent to prison for sentencing. No probation system as an alternative to that. I was the toughest sentence or in the building. I have that credibility to start with. That is a minority. 2030 of people should be sent to prison. 70 should be supervised in the community. If you do that right, you can save taxpayer dollars, and you can reduce crime. That is what we do. We started with 30 offenders. They gave us 1. 2 million in the legislature. The attorney general was showing the people were testing positive 80 less often. That a result. When they gave us the money, we used most of it for drug treatment. Of guyse is an old joke out of town with a briefcase. We keep statistics. Dr. Angela hopkins got a grant for ae randomized study. Identify 500 people with drug problems. 2 3 of the people were put in this program. There was a name by then. We had a lot of entries. One of the earliest was yanked and spank. My 15yearold son says bail and jail. Somebody suggested hawaiis operation with enforcement. Great acronym. Crime,y crime, drug 1617 prior arrests. One year later, she looked at the results. Half as likely to be arrested for a new crime. Half as likely to be revoked. Fewer positive drug tests. Half as many people were sent to prison for years. That is a system that is clear, it is transparent, it lays it all out. One of the fascinating things weve discovered is that most people can stop using drugs without treatment. Judge long has found the same thing in south dakota. If they know there is going to be a consequence every single time, most people make the decision not to use. If so, that saves the treatment beds or slots for people who cannot stop on their own. This is a chart that dr. Hawkins did. The study group was to hundred 40 people. They were identified because they were active drug users. Meth. The test for for 60 did not have a positive test in the first year. Another 28 had one. Most of these folks are not in treatment. If they want to go to treatment, we will use our money. If they want to go to treatment, we will help them. If they can stop on their own, i give them a chance to do that. If they can do that, they do not have to get a reference. They do not have to get an assessment and they do not have to go to treatment. If they have used a couple times, i will say it looks like youre having trouble. Then, they say yes, i have to go treatment. They will be more honest in their assessment about how often they use. When theyre in treatment, they will persevere because they know they will get arrested if they leave. When people hear about hope, they say that that is a program in jail. Jail is a part of it. The offenders know this a fewbasic sanctions are days if you it that it. If you deny it, then we have to send it out to the lab. You are wasting everybodys time. You will get 50 days. Hopepeople will fail at and go to prison. Many will be successful. Changes really hard. This is not easy. There are now 18 states. About 60 courtrooms. Washington state has put its entire high risk into their version of hope. Situations that drug testing is hugely important. We have drug testers come in the morning. A drug test can get one. We have one young lady who tried to substitute in the past. She got caught and i gave her 30 days in jail. I said youll have to find new friends because your other sample was 30 too. What can you do . Anyway, because i only see them when they violate, i only supervise 1900 felons of the program. Every sex offender i have seen, if they are not in jail, they are in hope. We want them staying away from victims. We want them following through geographically and otherwise. Im thrilled to be here. I look forward to any questions. When you have a system that reduces victimization and crime, it helps offenders and their families. This is what we are in the business for. Thank you very much. [applause] i am just very pleased to be here. ,he me start by thanking paul who has made this possible and heritage. This is a tremendous opportunity to present some very exciting ideas. To heritagenkful for making this possible. I began my career 46 years ago, a few blocks from here, after i had finished at Harvard Medical School and the National Institute of health. I decided i wanted to commit my career to helping people in prison, because i had worked with them in my residency and i cared about those people. So, i went to work for the d. C. Department of corrections. That office is a few blocks from here. In that context, i discovered the relationship between heroin addiction and crime in the city. And i became quite involved in drug abuse treatment. But, i have kept my focus on the concern that i had 46 years ago. I want to tell you what were talking about today is the best new idea in 456 years, that i have seen. This is history. This is very important, what were talking about. This is not just another clever idea. This is something scalable and profoundly important. And, i want to talk more about that. I want to talk about innovation. So you can think about what you are seeing and what youre hearing. I said to paul or to steve na larry. They did not know any experts in the field. I said you have to listen to them. They came from the experience of working with the offenders without expertise, both of them. I say to them, think i do did not know any experts like me. You never would have done this. Never. I would not have advised it. And neither would any of the other experts. That did not happen. They came up from their experience. They had a problem. They had new ideas about what to do. That is one lesson. The second lesson is even more important. Because lots of people have good ideas. What you are looking at is two men who have devoted their lives for a decade to the development of this idea and it spread ing. The charisma that they have, the ideas that they have, the ability to get institutions involved, is very precious. And what we have here today is to people who have covered this new idea and have devoted themselves to it and have come here today to talk about it. When i left the government, founded with my wife, our own job was to find new ideas related to drug use. This is our number one priority. That is how important it is. I want to talk about what it is that makes us special. It may not be so obvious to you. One thing is the focus on drugs and alcohol is