Producing countries on the one hand, and consuming countries. Hondurans, our belief is, that the lack of opportunities, the levels of violence, of cultural exclusion that we see in honduras, and have seen, are not only the responsibility of hondurans. This is a problem that is all encompassing. It ties into the tragedy of our country, which has led us to situation of a war being waged in our territory about having been the ones to take the bulk of the hits by way of deaths. And having a Large International crime organizations that have stolen our country, these can be separated in honduras. There are other problems, clearly. When i talk about transnational crime, im talking about certain difficulties, which are tied to the issue of migration. That is, trafficking of minors, sexual exploitation, labor exploitation. But the correlation in the case of honduras, organized crime and those cities from which the large flows of migrants, are one and the same. That is why i strike this equation, to the principle of burden sharing these of the this phenomenon that we have seen over the last couple of months. Im referring to this historic flow of unaccompanied minor immigrants. You can speak in spanish or any language you like. It will be translated. [laughter] i will just mentioned, because there is a webcast, if there is a portion you are able to say in spanish, that will be outstanding. To reach the widest possible numbers of people. The foreign minister of honduras has talked about coresponsibility, multiple countries are responsible. Let me dig deeper though. Is there another way you would like to express this . Who is at fault . We want to diagnose the problem so we apply the proper solution. Please. [speaking spanish] i apologize for not speaking in english. I will be speaking in spanish. We take a cold hard look at the numbers. The crisis of children has very concrete policies that are resulting in the current juncture. It goes back 35 years ago, although it has reached a height in the last couple of years. Now youve got the coyotes who have convinced the families of the children that at this point in time, if they bring the children to the United States, they will be allowed to stay. Then youve got the lack of guile, the innocence of the family that believe that promise. It would seem like there was this migration of children. But it isnt really a migration. 400,000 new babies are born, and so we have a half million under 18 years of age. So this isnt jordan with refugees flooding in. This relates to this specific phenomenon, duping families into thinking they can bring families as a business. 2500 is the cost the coyotes charge to cross across the river. Or up to 7,000. This is so profitable that for the last year the number of coyotes offering this service has grown exponentially in many communities. That said, as this is a relatively small number compared to the Overall Group of children, it hasnt led to the wholesale displacement of communities. However, the migration of Central Americans into the u. S. Generally speaking is something you have to break down and numbers. I dont pick we have a single explanation in this case. The largest immigration has not taken place in the last 45 years, not even the last 50 years. In 20012008, and it stopped. The surge stopped with the economic crisis in the United States. Before that, when hundred 80,000 would move every year. Before that, when hundred 50,000 would move every year. Overall, that 1. 5 million who have moved are now citizens. Only 100 some odd thousand are not yet citizens. They have residency of one type or another we think. 180,000 are already citizens. This is a longstanding process. From 20012008 there was a surge. There are a number of factors. Chief is the u. S. Economy, which is binar very dynamic. There was a demand for workers. Another important element behind this migration, 23 tropical storms, large storms hit our country and others, contributed to the communities giving rise to immigration now. There is also a drop of mexican immigrants into the u. S. The coyotes had to make up for that loss by bringing in Central Americans. All this added to the fact that a wage difference between u. S. And Central America is a factor now. This cant be attributed to one administration, one given policy. This is a social phenomenon that transpired in a period of time that are still there from 2008 on. Immigration growth has been relatively slow compared to earlier. With my poor spanish, i believe youre telling me that there was less demand by mexicans to travel to the United States, and they coyotes move south. Trafficking networks move south in search of human beings and found your countries prayed that is what you are telling me. The total children coming to the u. S. , you had at least 17,000 for mexico. A 2011, it was down to 11,000. When you see the trend of mexicans, when it reaches this low, the next year is when you see the surge in Central American children coming. Its a good business. It is very profitable. There are very specific elements that have been created for illegal migration of people that explains this. Why do i use this explanation . We always discuss it as a question of Law Enforcement. It is a question of how markets work. How the markets work, they will find solutions for the problems. If we have the idea or follow the idea that this is a lawenforcement problem, and we can only solve this through Law Enforcement, we will stop it as well as the drug wars. How do you change the market for human beings . You have to attack the Smuggling Networks. This is something we havent done. We capture Smuggling Networks seven weeks ago in guatemala. How much noise have you heard . Nothing. Its not important enough. How many people did we capture in guatemala . 14. How many in mexico . 15. How many in texas . 45. They were based in texas. This is something, how this business has been developed over the years. Definitely we need to tell the story, with children you cant really get it. There are limits for everything. Maybe an adult says i can give you money, and that is an a legal concept, but that is an adult. That type of network, we create many programs for children definitely. We have human smuggling. Martinez, would you like to add . [speaking spanish] we have already said this phenomenon has multiple causes. Some reasons have been aired here by my colleagues. There is another situation, there has been a lack of opportunities in points of origin of migrants, education, and security. When weaver talking with joe biden with this, this is a matter of finding guilty parties in the short term, but to address the current crisis, and think in long terms, that lead to this migration are not [indiscernible] and we have been working in coordination with the northern triangle together. The traffickers and persons are pounding the borders more carefully. We have a campaign in the three countries, making parents aware of the risk in sending their children to the u. S. , and putting them in the hands of people who are involved. We can talk about the other things weve been doing to stanch this flow of unaccompanied minors but we have made a proposal to the Obama Administration about the measures that need to be taken now. These are in effect in the countries of origin. To create opportunism, businesses, such that people feel motivated to stay home and work where they live. The second approach would be a wager on technical and vocational training. If we offer Young Children and teenagers good education, good training, for them to come into the labor market, that is going to spur them to stay in their countries of origin. The approach, we have been focusing the cities in each country where there is the biggest problem of violence and gangs, and we are going to have to create teams for Law Enforcement, and sure the reinsertion of those who have been picked up [indiscernible] but you said something about needing to invest in security. Is there a lack of government . No. The sheer size, this is not something that can be caught and isolation. Be tackled in isolation by a country or an administration. We have to tackle it. Organized crime does not respect laws or borders. If we do not come together in a war against the organized crime, there is no other solution. Certainly, the networks and trafficking have people who collaborate with them. The only way for us to tackle this is to join forces. Those seizures or arrests need to be made with us. One country, operating alone, will not be able to do this. I think that a thing that has not been said and, i want to point out that it seems diverse, the response you have gotten from the three of us, you can complement them. If, you see it another way. You can complement them if you see it another way. I fully agree and it was said by my colleagues that examining the causes for migration, it is a historical phenomenon. You have places where Economic Development is happening. This comes as an attraction for people to find a better life. Even if that is not true sometimes. They think that they are looking for something better. I talk about violence and, in the case of honduras, the homicide rates are high and we have data that supports that. It is related to Drug Trafficking. If you have that in mind and you have a small budget like honduras has, you give 20 of your Gross National product to the cost of security. Is that a correct number . You are currently spending 20 . [speaking spanish] lets say that 20 of gdp is devoted to the overall cost of violence and then 1. 8 is for health care. How would it be possible when we talk about lack of opportunities . What we see is that if we do not break from the vicious cycle, one thing impacts on the other hand, for any government, it is like a snapshot of our country that shows us what our vulnerabilities are and shows us the shared responsibility that needs to be taken by transit and destination countries. So, we should Work Together to break the cycle. Violence does not encourage investment. We have been working over the last couple of years with large initiatives to create jobs and attract foreign investment. If the risk factor is high, how much can we actually do to really attract investments and jobs . The first thing is to focus on containing violence and creating a safer environment. We are talking about Citizen Security and legal certainty. There is trust in state institutions that are undermined by organized crime. This is the fight against corruption. Organized crime has had has undermined the credibility of democratic institutions, without a doubt. This is something that we accept and we are working on this. So, yesterday, there were nongovernment organizations here who had, fortunately, decided to join the government of honduras to engage in the process for purchasing medicine and helping honduras with what they are doing to ensure a more open and transparent administration. When we talk about violence and we talk about market behavior, as huo was saying about the land of opportunities, these are things that we cannot see in isolation. All of these are part of an overall approach. There is no single cause or responsible party. We have to have a comprehensive and pragmatic approach for us to take care of the immediate crisis at hand and the humanitarian emergency of unaccompanied children and adolescents. Also what is the u. S. Responsibility here . We could spend a long time talking about that. I think that there are two things that have already been mentioned here and i will paraphrase them in my own words. The fact that the United States, traditionally, views the issue of Drug Trafficking and the consumption of drugs in the u. S. As a matter of Public Security is unacceptable from the standpoint of Central America. There has to be a different way to look at this issue. We talk about how many people there are. They are engaged in the trafficking of adults and, how many of them operate within the u. S. . I dont know if this was the diplomatic we had a meeting in panama about the issue of security and i started to receive a lot of information about how the cartel were setting up shop. We have to ask how drugs are distributed when they come into the u. S. That is the huge drug consuming country. What we believe traditionally is the blessing of Central America and the bank. It is the bridge between the north and the south and the heart of the hemisphere has become the biggest tragedy. As a result, there is a demand that is eager to receive a good in the south that is transported through our territory now. Drugs that come into the United States come to honduras. Are there problems with United States . What about the assistance that the United States could provide . Do you need more . We do. We saw the problem coming and we made a call to the International Community. We call for a Central American strategy that contains four components. Strengthening the institutions for combating crime and the Law Enforcement approach. And, a time frame of funds. Now, there were amounts pledged and the execution of these projects are currently lower than the needs. We are not saying that this is something that has to be financed only by the International Community or the United States. Our countries are taking in resources. There are budgetary difficulties that we have to combat the enemy of such magnitude. Drug trafficking, much more resources are necessary. Also, the structural phenomenon needs to be attacked. The lack of opportunity and in many of our communities, we have to with youth who being extorted by organized crime. They are told that if they do not collaborate, we will kill you and if you do collaborate with us, you will have the easy money to buy whatever you want for yourself. On the other hand, the children are excluded and they do not have sufficient Educational Opportunities or labor opportunities. What we have suggested to the u. S. And the International Community is an alliance or partnership with these countries. Ultimately, it creates prosperity for the United States because we are connected. There has to be a common front to solve this problem. Getting back to my numbers, i find that the narratives are ideological and they are not based on facts. We do not know anything in washington about ideological. I know. You guys are about Scientific Evidence for issues. [laughter] that is not just washington. That is everywhere. Questions of governance, okay, poor governance is reflected on certain data. Mortality rates should go up. Murder rates go up. School cover should be going down or stagnate. Health reform should be implemented. No reform for the judicial or Social Security taking place. Everything is happening in Central America. You see the trends. Look at maternal mortality. It is going down. Primary School Coverage is going up. Murder rates are going down during the last five years in all the countries. So, numbers are not supported. The idea that poor governance is taking place, some Good Governance is taking place. A number are our countries. So, you can solve your problems. You havent a billiondollar you have an 8 billion dollar budget. It is a marginal part of it. You mentioned forms of aid from the United States and it would be less than 2 billion. If we continue this way, when are we going to achieve a goal that is important for affecting migration . Secondary School Coverage is critical. We have secondary School Coverage in guatemala. 27 secondary School Coverage. If we continue with our resources, we will have secondary School Coverage in the next 15 years. If you provided us funding, we can cut that to half. It is a question of funding. The political decision is there. The Institutional Capacity you can believe. The money is not. The second part is a question about taxpaying in Central America. It has to go up in countries like guatemala. Taxpaying has to go up. We have discovered a push for fiscal reform in the beginning of the term. Because of the constitutional norms and the elements, it is diluted. We are taxing personal income. How much taxation provides personal income in el salvador . That is nothing compared to the u. S. Or other countries. Still, 2 . The average in latin america is 4 . We collect is 0. 7 in personal income tax. To give you an example you are meeting john boehner later, right . I am meeting with anyone in the u. S. Who is pushing for less taxation. I believe that our levels of taxation are so low that even conservative americans would not support it. I took the Tea Party Manifesto on taxation and was going to publish it in guatemala to see the reaction. I was pretty sure that everybody would call me a communist. [laughter] guatemala would be communist. We need to improve taxation. I am saying this. It depends on these elements. Larger contributions, definitely. And, improving taxation at the same time. I have many more questions and i see that our time is running down. We want to stay on schedule. I in