[cheers and applause] i will hasten to add, it is a question and a responsibility for all of us. And a hard choice, and a very hard choice. And it is a very hard choice, but i think all of us have some hard choices about what kind of citizens were going to be, what were going to ask of our leaders and also what well ask of ourselves, and what has always made us strong as americans goes back to that incredibly astute observation of detocqueville when he tried to understand what the country was about and looked at our organization and the democracy and the institutions we were building. He said it came down to the habits of our heart. And i think we have to ask yourselves what it means today to be an american in the 21st 21st century and what we expect from each other, what we expect from our government, what we expect from our businesses, our academic institutions, because i am more optimistic and confident about whatunder potential is, but i know we have some hard choices to make to try to realize that. So thank you. [cheers and applause] thank you so much. Thank you. Im sorry we dont have more time. Thank you all very much. Thank you. Thank you all. Hi, how are you . The day after her conversation at the politics and prose book store, mrs. Clinton was in arlington, virginia, for a book signing. This portion is 15 minutes. [inaudible conversations] hi, everybody. Applause okay, lets get started. Hillary. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] hi, how are you . Very well. Thank you. You live here in the Washington Area . In maryland. Thats nice down there. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] thank you for coming today. Hello. [inaudible conversations] hi, how are you . Hi, how are you . Thank you for coming. It turned out to be a beautiful day. Hi. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] take care of yourself. Thank you for coming today. How are you . [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] thank you for coming. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] thank you for coming today. Youre fine, youre fine. Hi. How are you today . Bless your heart. Thank you for coming. Really appreciate it. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] hello, how are you today . [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] how are you, maam . How long did you have to wait in line . Hi, how are you today . [inaudible conversations] hi, how are you today . No picture. No picture. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] hi, how are you today . Nice to meet you, too. [inaudible conversations] hi. How are you today . Thank you. I appreciate that. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] oh, my gosh, yes. Nice to see you here. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] thank you for coming today. Hello, nice to meet you. Thank you very much. We hoff we love you. Thank you for being here. How are you doing . Ill be back. How are you . Im great. How are you. Hello. Nice to see you both. A beautiful day. Glad youre here. [inaudible conversations] how are you today . Looking forward to having a grandchild. Excited. Thank you. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] thank you so much. Thank you for coming. [inaudible conversations] oh celebrity draft time. Oh, my gosh. Im doing great. How are you . [inaudible conversations] [inaudible] conversation [inaudible conversations] thank you, dear. [inaudible conversations] hi, guys. Thank you. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] how are you doing . Im good. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] booktv sat down with former secretary of state Hillary Clinton in little rock to discuss her new book, holiday hard choices. Getting to the point where you can make peace is never easy because you dont make peace with your friends. You make it with people who are your adversaries who have killed those you kerr about you own people orthos youre trying to protect and its a psychological drama. You have to get into the head of those on the other side because you have to change their calculation enough to get them to the table. Talk about what we did in iran. We lad to put a lot of economic pressure to get them to the table, and well see what happens, but that has to be the first step. And i write about what we did in afghanistan and pakistan, trying to get the taliban to the table for a comprehensive discussion with the government. In iraq today what we have to understand is that it is primarily a political problem that has to be addressed. The ascension of the sunni extremists, socalled isis group, is taking advantage of the breakdown in political dialogue and the total lack of trust between the maliki government, the sunni leaders, and the kurdish leaders. More with Hillary Clinton saturday at 7 00 p. M. Eastern, and sunday morning at 9 15 on cspan2s booktv. Up next, after words with former representative rick santorum. The folks out there that are working people, most of whom dont have college degrees, folks that really still understand the value of work and the importance of work and responsibility in people that understand the importance of family and faith, believe in freedom and limited government. You say oh wow those are conservative Republican Voters and in many cases they are not. In fact a lot of them arent voting at all because they dont really see either party talking to them about the concerns they have been trying to create an opportunity for them to live the american dream. If you look up the Democratic Party they talk about these voters a lot and in fact they talk about how they can give them certain things whether its Free Health Care or subsidize health care or increasing their wages with minimumwage increases, a whole laundry list of things that they try to help but of course most of these folks dont want to be on a government program. They want to work. They want to have jobs that are wellpaying jobs that create an opportunity for them to support themselves and their families and that sounds like more a republican voter but unfortunately republicans are economic message is you know tucker you have seen this over the years. We talk like economists. We are sort of wrapped up in the rightness of our position but we talk about balancing the budget and we talk about cutting taxes for high income individuals to create jobs. And then cutting government and particularly a lot of benefits. You are the average american listening to this economic plan you say where my map plan . What you doing for me people who are seeing their wages stagnating and not getting increases and not saying inflation it away and thats really who this book is written for and for republicans to understand why they are not succeeding in these votes. Fresco its a little perplexing as you pointed out because some of these voters seem winable by republican winable by republicans so why wouldnt the Republican Party be talking to and about workingclass voters . Guest well because it really requires you to not think macro, but mica and thats a very difficult thing for republicans. The idea of economics is a rising tide lifts all boats. While i agree that a rising tide lifts all boats unless the boat has a hole in it and then the rising tide is a very dangerous thing because when that tide rises your boat sinks and you are not in very good situation depending on how high the tide is. So you have a lot of folks who have holes in their boats so everything from not having skills to get jobs that are wellpaying jobs to sustain a family and not having an education, not may be having a drug or sentence abuse problem or a difficult family situation. Theres a whole laundry list and all of us have some holes in our post but there a lot of americans who dont see this rising tide necessarily helping them and so what i have done in this book and what i tried to do in the campaign is specifically address areas where bluecollar america were average americans can see some direct and economic benefit and theres an opportunity for them. Thats why i talk a lot about specific sectors of the economy where large portions of these types of workers will find employment thats actually going to be family sustained employment in the area of energy, manufacturing and related spinoff in the Service Industries related to those in them focus on the other side because its not just economics. One of the problems is culture and families breaking down communities breaking down so we talk a lot about the importance of marriage and the family is part of building a healthier american dream. Host present a bonus talk a lot about income inequality and its rise. Is he right and should republicans be echoing those sentiments . Guest the numbers dont bear out the rhetoric. In fact these chains things havent havent changed but they havent gotten better. I think thats really the issue and relative to europe and canada the opportunity of mobility in america is not as good as it is in some of those countries. And so while the idea that there is this exploding gap of income inequality does not necessarily bear out the facts. The fact is that there are Serious Problems in america that need to be addressed and there are people in america who are not getting ahead. I think instead of arguing the debate as to whether we are better or worse, lets just focus on the fact that there are millions of americans out there who are not seeing seeing their quality of life improve and what can we do to address those . There are substandard things we can do everything from i mention looking at the economy and looking at the culture and looking at education. One of the things i talk about in the book is providing vocational education, career tracks other than tracks that lead to college. 70 of americans dont have College College degrees about numbers and going to change much. What are we doing to provide the necessary skills in high school as well as Technical Schools after high school to provide the skills that are necessary for people to work with their hands as well as their heads . Host how did this all have been . What happened to workingclass america, to. [roll call] america . The stock market is obviously on fire but it hasnt helped a lot of people in the interior of the country. Something has changed. What is its . Guest i would say that writing things. Obviously the economy has changed and we have much more globalization in the markets. When that happens theres competition that comes from overseas and overall i think the argument is and i think theres a legitimate argument to made here that our overall america does better when we have that competition from overseas that drives down prices because the prices are lower for everybody. Competition as we all know is a good thing. Globalization is a positive but it also can be a negative if you are the person thats losing their job with all of this competition. I make the argument that look im not against globalization. I understand the Global Economy but we have to be understanding of what the impact casebycase of those free trade agreements and other agreements we have two be to the american worker. I voted for a lot of free trade. I didnt vote for nafta because i didnt think i thought that would be devastating more than helpful. That is then born out at least it certainly hasnt improved the situation for america. We need to look at free trade agreements and we also have to look at the fact that america is not being competitive because our taxes we have the highest Corporate Tax in the world in a hostile Regulatory Environment this country. It has got multiples worse under this administration. Look at the litigation environment here. Look at the educational gaps that we have for worker training for manufacturing and those types of jobs. So the government, the role of the government in making us uncompetitive is pretty profound. That is one of the reasons i wrote the book. I think american manufactures can be competitive in a Global Economy if the government creates a level Playing Field visavis our competitors. So i have a whole laundry list of things i go through the book that talk about how we can do just that. Host the trade gap with china has resulted in cheaper Consumer Products for everybody and i guess thats a good thing but it certainly hasnt helped the american manufacturing. You almost never hear anybody complain about that. Why . Guest well because most people have lost their jobs or are getting lower paying jobs. A small percentage, relatively small percentage of americans are participating in manufacturing. Certainly substantially less than it was before so if you are a professional or someone who works in the Service Industry and you are looking at getting something for a substantially lower price because its been manufactured overseas you are happy to go to walmart but as you know Tucker Walmart is now very focused on the ad campaign for the last year almost talking about how they are trained to moving back to america to try to encourage manufacturing here in this country. I think even those who have benefited like walmart from this globalization and having these products made overseas, see the benefits of having these products made here. Theres a famous conversation that occurred between henry ford and Walter Luther who is the head of the union that ford had to deal with the ironworkers union. He showed lutheran machine and he said this machine is going to replace i forget how many workers and luther responded well thats great but how many cars will this machine by . That is the tension here. Yes we can replace workers with foreign competition or automation that youve got to have wages to buy these products in america. So there is an understanding now by walmart and many others that we need to look to how we can be competitive. Im not looking to rig the game. If you look at the proposals that we put in the book i think they are conservative and orientation. They are not subsidies. They are tax cuts. They are regulatory reforms in education which government is heavily involved in so there are things we can do all consistent with what i would call conservative politics conservative philosophies that give us the opportunity. Host why not rate became . The u. S. Government exists to protect and make Americans Free and prosperous so why wouldnt the u. S. Government do all it can to help americans . Guest first of all you have to trade rules that you have to deal with. So when it comes to trade laws for example thats one area that we really dont get into that much because when you start looking at trade laws you have retaliatory efforts on the part of the other country particularly china. So i think you have to be very careful that you structure it as a level Playing Field and you do it consistent with the trade laws that are in place and the limitations of what countries can do to favor manufacturing one country over another. Host you dont mention immigration really in the book. If you are persistently having high unemployment obviously dont have a labor shortage. Why would you say is we do a million lowwage workers from other countries into our country every year . How does that help unemployment . Guest i do talk about the importance of having a trained labor force. You are right, certainly with ilLegal Immigration, anything we would do in my opinion that would quote solve the problem of ilLegal Immigration through a form of amnesty to these workers will flood labor markets in this country. We have an immigration policy that is today a fairly generous immigration policy and we need to examine the immigration policies see how it impacts the american worker, where are we bringing people and from what are the skill levels of the people we are bringing in and certainly factor that end when it comes to the labor markets. I dont think we can do that candidly. We have done it in the past. This is something immigration policy is dealt with throughout the course of american history. Its not something i think we should be afraid to do. We should look at it from the standpoint of people in this country making sure we have the opportunity but my focus was not on immigration policy per se although there is a point to be made. I specifically didnt want to deal with the whole concept of ilLegal Immigration because to me barack obama had two years as president of the United States with complete control, supermajority control in the house and senate could have passed in a illegal Immigration Law that he wanted and he never proposed a bill. To me that says this issue is not a substantive political issue. This is an issue, substantive policy issue. This is a purely political issue. This is the issues that the democrats want to use to drive a wedge between republicans and hispanics. My suggestion is we do not play that game. We dont get drawn into that breyer patch. We say simply this and this is what my position has been on immigration. First and foremost with secure the border. Lets take this problem of 12 million Illegal Immigrants in this country and make it a finite problem or resolvable problem. When you dont secure the border to the point where you know youre not going to have another flood of immigrants depending on what you do on Illegal Immigrants then you create another problem. You have created amnesty to the existing group. From my perspective lets have a discussion on Legal Immigration and how immigration and halle set out to make sure its good for the country. The other immigration leaving it aside. Host was just take the legal side. The democrats are for