By filling out a survey, this information assist the staff as they plan future programs so thank you in advance for doing this. Following the lecture there will be a book signing outside the door of this room. A Service Provided by the campus bookstore. In addition to the books, todays event is cosponsored by the National Affairs committee of the democrats, also the book would not be possible without such sponsors. The book featured today is the product of 2 two distinguished career journalists. James mccartney, now deceased, and his wife, molly mccartney. For nearly four decades as a reporter for the Chicago Daily news, james covered the principal institutions of the federal government with special emphasis on war and conflict which he covered in more than 30 countries. Molly worked as a reporter for 30 years including 14 years at the Washington Post. After her husbands death in 2011 molly continued the research and writing of the book he was working on in his retirement. Americas war machine vested interests, endless conflicts is a carefully researched and masterfully written description and analysis of the present day complex, greatly and large it version of what president eisenhower named with cautionary remarks as the militaryindustrial complex. America americas war machine vested interests, endless conflicts is the most important and timely book, we are very fortunate today to be able to learn from its coauthor. Please give a warm welcome to molly mccartney. Thank you very much for that introduction and thank you for coming. I am going to use a slide to illustrate the points i want to make but i want to begin with a description of what i am going to talk about and then go into the details. This book is based on Jim Mccartneys experience which included his service in world war ii on the front lines in france and germany. And reporting over 30 years starting in the early 1960s continuing until his death in 2011 and because this book represents his thinking i want to tell you about him and his background, how he went into the newspaper business, his style of reporting and what he learned from his front row seat to history. I will also talk briefly about how to find an agent and firstclass publisher at Saint Martins press. Then we talk about the point of the book which covers the things covered in the introduction, jim wanted this book to be an introduction to the ongoing washington debate about war and peace. He wanted people to know what he had learned, wanted people to care about this issue as much as he did, wanted people to understand what he had come to understand. How it affects your pocketbook. And why everyone should care about this issue. I will begin with this quotation. The Common People dont want war, but they can be given the bidding of their leaders, that is easy, just tell them they are being attacked. And exposing the country to danger. It works the same in any country. They knew something about taking a country to war. Dentist the militarism. Does anybody knows who said this, it was not dick cheney. Anybody know who said this . It was Herman Goring, the nazi war criminal who was convicted in nuremberg in 1946. What he describes is what dwight eisenhower, called the militaryindustrial complex and it is what Jim Mccartney and i watched expanding the years since then into a war machine that led this country into endless conflicts, think iraq. Most recently and ongoing, think of the push for the us to go deeper into syria and the endless conflicts, neverending wars and covert actions in which the us has been involved since the end of world war ii. How does this happen and how in the world can anyone suggest the us military is undersized and underfunded when we outspend the rest of the world, together we spend more than the rest of the world combined on military and national defense. Lets start by looking at the vested interest leading to wars and interventions. President eisenhower named two of the elements that are part of this machine. What he said you can see again, this is the great quote, in the councils of government we must guard against influence, soft or unsought by the militaryindustrial complex, potential for the disastrous rise will persist. Two element with eisenhower, the beltway bandits, defense contractors as they are known. Jim mccartney covered that speech. The Chicago Daily news, making washington explained in detail what eisenhower was talking about. For example, 20 billion tugofwar, it would be much bigger numbers. There are 5 parts to the series, the pressure is on for profit, and it talks about how lawmakers by for defense funds, the military rivaled the rivalries that are involved, and how defense pressures come to a 1way road. There are two sides to this. And study at Harvard University and dig deeper into this issue. And is anyone here 18 years old, there are some 18 years, when jim graduated from high school we are in the middle of world war ii. The world was on fire. The first thing that happens if you are 18 years old in 1943 you are drafted immediately, the innocence of that period, one thing that struck me about it is he is 18 years old, he has been drafted, he doesnt know how to drive a car. I am a texan, i started driving when i was 14 but this was the 1950s. In the 1940s gasoline was rationed, rubber was rations. If your family had a car you do not turn it to your teenage son to go driving. His parents drove him to the railroad station. Note that his older brother was in the army, had been drafted, that was in europe. After basic training jim gets on a troopship, with 5000 other groups, one ship out of new york harbor across the atlantic and you end up in Southern France, this was four or five month after dday so he was not part of the normandy invasion where so many people died. He was part of a third wave so in Southern France they get into trucks and are trucked north about 400 miles into the mountains. This is november and they are wearing their summer uniforms because the military has not been able to catch up with them and give them Winter Clothes so he gets out of the truck that brought him into this area where you can hear the guns going off but they are on the front lines and he looks around and sees a mountain trail with some g. I. S carrying stretchers. It is clear what happens, the stretchers have a g. I. Who stepped on a shoe bomb, which is the ied of the day. It is the size of a cigar box with a little tnt in it and the lid was propped up and buried just under the ground so you step on it, it blows up your foot and the germans were good at this. The germans knew that if you could take one man out of action, blow his foot off it takes three or four guys, you are taking several people out of the fighting troops with this kind of strategy. Jim got through, never stepped on a shoe bomb but he is under fire every day living in a foxhole. Trying to stay alive, pushing germans back into germany. They all thought they were going to die, he thought he was going to die. In late march 1945 this was only a few months before the war end did theed, he was hit by shrapnel in germany walking down a road and heard the german 88. If you dont know what a german 88 is, i found a picture. You can see the picture on the left, the time he was in the military and after four years, and he weighed 10020 pounds because you dont get a lot to eat when you are on the front lines. The way these guns work is they shoot the shells over the enemy on the other side. And when the shell got close to those guys it would explode because it hit something or it exploded and there is shrapnel, if you heard the 88s coming, and on this particular day they were walking down a road where there was no coverage, it is a ditch but shrapnel hit them anyway so he got hit and was airlifted to a hospital but recovered. No permanent injuries. He gets involved in college newspaper, falls in love with journalism, and after graduating from Michigan State and rolled in a Masters Program at northwestern, ran out of money when the g. I. Money was used up, this is Middle America in the late 40s and 50s, not a lot of student loans. His father offered to loan him, not give him, loan him the money to finish. He took the money, finished and paid his debt back, 5 a week or Something Like that. He ends a reporter for the Chicago Daily news and in 1960 he gets sent to washington and that is how he came to cover eisenhowers 1961 speech. He liked to tell people how he heard the speech, he heard eisenhower make a speech. Nobody was in the oval office with president eisenhower. You need an advanced text and watch it on tv and cover the story. But in listening to this eisenhower also talked about the economy, the red scare and the militaryindustrial complex. Jims reaction was what is this guy talking about . What is the militaryindustrial complex . How does it work . Why is a dangerous . Why should i care . Those were the questions in his mind but as a reporter in washington, he was in no position to get answers and that led to the series of stories i told you earlier. In 1968, moved from Chicago Daily news to mcclatchy, a huge chain and became the National Security reporter for these papers included the miami herald, san jose, every paper you can imagine out of washington. And they had no bureaus at that point. He was in and out of the soviet union on a regular basis, saudi arabia in the middle east. There were no cell phones. Had a small portable typewriter he carried around with him along with a bottle of whiskey, and operators to make sure your story got back to washington. So briefly, we will get to the book in a minute but just to show you, these are a few press credentials, the last one another reykjavik sabic summit between reagan and gorbachev but these are the stories from the 1965 intervention in the Dominican Republic where johnson sent in troops and you can see the theme of these stories, telling this with a straight face, then the vietnam story, reykjavik, this is a column he wrote in 2005, does america love peace as much as we think. The book which reflects all the things i described is also based on my own experience as a journalist or five newspapers including the Washington Post. My specialty for many years was pocketbook issues. Very good experience if you write about defense spending because this is the biggest pocketbook expense. I was able to combine what jim knew about the militaryindustrial complex with what i know about dealing with big institutions including big oil and studied a lot about the middle east at georgetown university, i was a lehman fellow and did a lot of traveling as well so the result is the book. What the book does is document the expansion of the militaryindustrial complex to include additional elements. We have five altogether. You have the military, defense contractors, congress, the Intelligence Community and the think tank cox, these elements, there are probably others but these were the five big ones he saw emerge and he wrote about and documented and are a big part of this book. Lets go individually to each of these, starting with congress which supports billions of dollars in military and security spending and Campaign Contributions. So a good example with what happens with congress is the story of the c17 cargo jet. There are two parts to this story. In 1990, when dick cheney who later became Vice President , in 1990 he was secretary of defense under president George Hw Bush and cheney as the guy who was over the pentagon in Defense Operations wanted to purchase 120 of the c17 jets. Once they were built the program was supposed to stop because that was all the military needed. Congress disagreed. They voted to provide more c17s than the pentagon wanted. They voted to buy 151 and later, 108. I put these numbers up here because it is hard to follow. That is 1990, 20 years later the defense secretary is robert gates, in april 2009 gaetz goes to congress and says 205 c17s, that is enough, we dont want anymore. Congress voted to fund 223 and this is the cost of 250 million each. 17 to 19 . Sorry. I thought maybe a typo, sorry, ignore that. I have shown this slide repeatedly. Sorry for the confusion. The question is why did congress do this . Why did they give the military more airplanes and ships than the military . Because the c17 program is a welfare program. 650 suppliers, 30,000 jobs in 44 states. Offers jobs for companies, jobs for workers, Political Support for lawmakers. It is a vote for defense, anyone who fails to vote for these programs and support the defense establishment, weak on defense. Is going to hear about it in the next election. I am a big fan of superman so i loved the Bloomberg Business news story about the b17 because this was their headline. This is only one example. More ships than the navy once, more tanks for the army, you may remember, a fairly recent story about the the headline tells you a great deal about it. This is the way cnn played the story. Thanks but no tanks. Congress voted to continue making the tanks. The little town where these parts were being made, there goes the economy, it will ruin us. Other members of Congress Vote with you through the town, you will vote for him when they were subject to the question. There is a scratch my back, i will scratch yours at work here. I would mention star wars which was Ronald Reagans idea, that Program Proposed in the mid1980s never worked the way it was supposed to. It is funded by every president who has come along since reagan and is still being funded even though it hasnt worked, it is hard to kill it once it is in the bureaucracy. Some people would say spending on defense, getting this job, what is wrong with that, the problem is the Research Shows you get more jobs with nondefense spending then you get with defense spending and we know this because university of massachusetts did a study and they found if you take 1 billion in federal money you get 11,200 military jobs with it and if you spend it on Clean Energy Jobs you get more. If you spend it on healthcare jobs you get more. Spent on education jobs you get more and the bottom line of that study was this quote, spending on the military is a relatively poor source of job creation. Okay, lets talk about the Intelligence Community. This is another major element in the complex of forces that can lead to war, talking about the use of flawed, twisted intelligence. As it is put here. We know in the runup to the iraq war that president george bush wanted to remove Saddam Hussein through military action. We know the case for this invasion was the idea Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. And that was based on, quote, intelligence that was then twisted to justify the invasion. One of the reasons we know that is what happened, there are several reasons but one is it was a secret note released by British Intelligence after one of their meetings with officials of the bush administration. This is the note that said the intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy. In other words we have to show the public why we are doing this, so we will make intelligence be the basis for our actions. If you think about it, it shouldnt come has a surprise that the Intelligence Community taylors information. If you work for somebody, give the boss what he wants or you wont have a job very long. I was at a dinner party where i made this point knowing there is a cia guy at dinner and wondering how he would respond or react, you are right, you give the boss what he wants or will be reassigned or sent off. I will talk about twisted intelligence. Consequences for people who go against the establishment on issues like this, this is a great story, this is about beautiful blonde spy, you may remember the story. It started with president bush telling the nation in his state of the Union Message in january 2003 right before we went into iraq that the british had learned Saddam Hussein had recently bought significant quantities of uranium from africa. And ambassador by the name of Joseph Wilson who happened to be married to the spy who wrote an oped in the New York Times challenging what bush had said. Wilson had been sent specifically to africa to see if there is any truth to this and the truth is wasnt there. One week after this column appeared the New York Times columnist by the name of robert novak published an article about wilsons wife valerie and the fact that she worked for the cia, he outed her, ruined her job and all of her Contact People subject to all sorts of things. Dont know if anybody died as a result of this but fear that it would. There is a much longer story to this, Scooter Libby who worked for Vice President cheney eventually was convicted because he lied about the coverup, he served time in prison. This twisted intelligence plays into the way in which sometimes we take actions based on information that is totally wrong and i will summarize some of this. It turned out to be false. There was a failure to perceive the erection of the berlin wall in 1961 and failure to precede its fall in 1939. Some of you everybody was so surprised. The collap