If we want to intervene early and have more robust interventions. Number two sometimes its not quite clear and number three its not capturing the agility. Its capturing how the brain is manifesting. So the potential of this is extremely well and to target not only the system but other parts of the brain and collective the responses with the eeg and brain waves is that you can apply to children from handheld babies all the way to whatever age. The same way in animal models. So were doing these studies. Its a really important thing because it is showing the physiological difference in autistic brains such as he said its a measurable with a tool as opposed to an expression of opinion asking questions. Thats one of the things that we have been wanting for a long time and autism, the development of biomarkers and i think that is a cool thing. So i have to thank all of you for coming. This is actually our only time because we are here in boston together with us talking together with you folks about tms and the switched on story. So this is like the one and only place that we are both here to sign my book and this story would have never been possible if it would not have been for alvaro and lindsay. And really all of the brilliant people that the Israel Medical Center in the harvard medical school. And i think they they should just stand up and be recognized for that. Its a really cool thing. You can stand up to. He scared to stand up. But you know, its a cool thing. So where are we going to sign books . Are we signing books back there or are we going downstairs . The signing will be at the table. I will have your lineup. Domicile to my right if youre exiting you can exit to my left. We like to thank both of you so much for being here and thank you all for being here. [applause]. [inaudible] you are watching the tv and cspan2 with top nonfiction books and authors every weekend. Book tv, television for serious readers. This weekend on book tv, we are live tomorrow with author and publisher steve forbes. For three hours mr. Forbes to talk about his books and answer your questions. On afterwards, Senate Majority leader Mitch Mcconnell discussions his life and politics. Sixty minutes correspondent leslie stall looks at the changing role of grandparents. Also this weekend, the son of late author and journalist Hunter Thompson remembers his father. Former state Department Official reports on the growing influence of china and india. Book tv visits las vegas to talk about local authors and tour the citys literary sites. That is just a few of the authors on book to be this weekend. For complete television schedule, book tv. Org. Book tv, 48 hours of nonfiction books tv, 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors. Television for serious readers. [inaudible] i get the pleasure of introducing our exciting guest, local hero, radio personality extraordinaire, educator, actor, thank you very much for welcoming my friend. [applause]. [inaudible] [inaudible] these two men are telling the story today, they tell me story today about how they met. They met on a local radio show, tv show, thank you for correcting. And a radio guide. On the issues that were talking about that day the exact opposite was 20 years ago. [inaudible] it was a powerful book and what is happening to our country, our policies that are being taken over and to do all that work not just making Public Policy but history. So on this book People Get Ready and it really is [inaudible] [inaudible] and what we like to change. There is always talking about a political change that can occur. [inaudible] [inaudible] so happy st. Patricks day. We may begin for the people out of ireland. Im going to talk first. First of all i want to thank mark steiner. We could not pass any group of people in the world, without mark knowing them and everyone knows this guy. It was took like a half hour to go one block traveling through baltimore. Id also like to im originally from Madison Wisconsin where we know the importance of local, nonprofit, cooperative institutes be in the heart and soul of the community. Youre very fortunate to have institutions like this which are the lifeblood of culture. So thank you for hosting us, we really appreciate it. And speaking of institutions, i really like i really like cspan, thank you for recording this show. As your going to get arguments of the wall street journal page, so having cspan give authors like ourselves across the political spectrum exposure is really crucial to ideas getting out there, getting in play, having influence, and making you aware what were talking about. So thank you. A little over two years ago the ceo of then, google was given the keynote address at the big they said something rather extraordinary, he said that google was presently working on a number of projects that were going to significantly reduce the number of jobs in the economy. And im not sure his a direct quote but he said these are not going to happen right away but they were all pretty close to her wish and and as a result of the work that google is doing and other highTech Companies, the issue of unemployment and underemployment will be the single, most important issue of the coming two or three decades. It will overwhelm will overwhelm Everything Else not just the United States but the world. That got our attention. That was a striking statement. Here he was taking on the position and he didnt want to be an alarmist by any means seeking out a position of what was coming down the road. And john ever we first heard about this and thought about it we thought this was something that was not being discussed at all the news media, by politicians and conventional debate. There is no discussion on this issue. Then we started then we started to study and look into it and we found out there getting incredible attention by engineers, business executives, computer scientist, tons of, tons of literature on this. Lots of work being done. In fact what eric schmidt was saying was not a controversial thing at all, it it was like letting the cat out of the bag where all the people to work on, this was about to hit and hit hard. In fact one ceo of the major European Industrial one of the largest industrial firms of the world, not long ago had a private meeting in germany in a questionandanswer period he was asked to do actually get rid of the workers in your factories . His response was, yes we have the technology right now to eliminate all of our factories worldwide income including in germany where we have 100,000 workers thousand workers where we can make a fully automated. The only Thing Holding us back is politics. Because if we would automate our factories the middle class in germany would burn. It would wipe out the middle class of germany and leave a critical upheaval the likes of which we dont like to see in germany and other countries. So without what is this gonna mean for young people in all people want to retire for some point, for everyone. What will it mean for political democracy . Part of the reason my is its not like the last 20 years have been so golden age of capitalism in the United States of the world. We have been admired and very slow growth, not much private investment, incomes have been falling, inequality falling, inequality growing, unemployment and a dirt employment are greater now with significant percentage of workers i have left the labor market altogether in the last decade. Its much lower figure now. So its a group situation, rising inequality, much greater insecurity and precarious of people who do these jobs were taxing. To add to this we are going to throw in a wave of automation that eliminates half the jobs in the economy. That strikes up even if it and thats whats the book. Thats my long introduction of whats in the book. Now you do something not supposed to do and talk like this number to cut you in on some of what we ended up with. Our argument is that this is a political problem not a technological or economic one. It is going to require basic political solutions, its going to fundamentally reform our economy if were going to make these workforce not against us. So in research for the book we came to the conclusion of studying other countries and history that its a very high unemployment and it is the center of the political system through corruption and other problems and it loses its credibility. You you see the rise of two things. When we should expect this for the knighted states. You should see young people get more interested in politics. You should see a dramatic increase in tristan socialism. Process will only continue to grow and this will be a trajectory, oh, thank you. Going to be a trajectory and experience it all in this room, and my children, and your children and grandchildren. Its going to be this, there will be fewer jobs, more unemployment. People will still is need to work in a tremendous pressure on wages and benefits. Even more than there is now. More and more people desperately trying to vote themselves in a scavenger economy. Sounds like a terrible mel gibson movie at this point. [laughter] and theres a lot of reason to think that. That that is exactly where were heading. But it doesnt have to necessarily be that way. Our book is youre going to be shocked and could be a golden edge and will be if we do the right politics. S its a solvable problem nothing that we cant fix and fix relatively easy with no solution. But i do to give you a sense of why this is taking place, and the main reason is there has been a vast increase of the Power Computers in past 50 years its almost difficult to explain how strong computing is the term that is often used is morris law, the idea that computer doubles every year and a half or every two years. You see both terms used and you start morris law back in 1660s and after two years computer power and get up to the 30th psych physical two to the 30th power get out your calculator and do that see how much stronger a computer gets, you are getting into like outer space numbers that our minds cant comprehend and thats the period were in now. Growth of power is so great that its almost difficult to comprehend. And, in fact, the Defense Research project and people ho funded a lot of research that led to the internet and worldwide web and a lot of stuff we do it now with the computers, for the last ten years they had a project on robotic to take advantage of this increasing computer power and try to harness it to be used to replace human labor so much as possible and retire ared last summer and he wrote an article in academic journal and an article with a series of changes coming that are going to hit very soon, and these change it is in our official intelligence and robotic will fundamentally change humanity in ways that we cannot fathom and the term wee use for this he says that what humanity is about to enter very quickly is equivalent of the cambrian explosion. Now i havent heard that have. I thought that was an Arnold Schwarzenegger movie when i got it. But i looked it up and preferred to periods 440 million years ago with a 20, 30 million year period on earth which went from very simple toll exploded and everything of complex life emerged. Very quickly no we didnt have a long two billion year line but a flat line, explosion and then, where we are now. And he said were about to hit a cambrian explosion. Well you look at that it means no idea about whats going to hit us. It is sort of wild stuff. But you say one thing he can guarantee us, mosts jobs are going to be gone. Thats immediate commercial application of these technologies an they benefit by great incentive to do it and thats the right now. Thats how strong computers have gotten if automobiles speeds that increase since 1971 as much as computer power increase that increase at the same right fasters in the world today will travel one tenth of the speefd light. One tenth of the speed of light how much computers have grown. If building since 1971 increase in height as much as computers increase in strength the tallest building in the world would go half way to the moon. So this basic sense that is possible of what were talking about in terms of how strong the dub computerring is in other capable of doing. So for example like Driverless Cars five or ten years ago that was science fiction, like yeah. Very hypothetical. Now thats yesterday technology. Theyve got that one pretty much down. With google, theyve got 10,000 Driverless Cars every day on the road. Now its a political issue for them to get peopled to eto do it. But illustrates the society, on one hand, you can make a very good argument that a driverless car can do wonderfully say that is great for the environment. You can establish shared car system and call for car wherever you need it and it will come take care of you so city living you get rid of traffic jams all sorts of good things. You can make that argument. But in our economy, that argument is fail by another argument. You know what number one job is for men in the American Economy . Driving a vehicle. A car, a truck delivery van. A bus, a cab. Remember when john and number two, number three theres also receiving votes. Driving a vehicle is really crucial to the American Economy. He said you have businesses say we can do better with driverless vehicles. Whats going to rate up in the board. You have a major problem in our economy. Thats the crisis were going to face which is the capitalism of Economic System we live under is entirely ill equipped to deal with this technological revolution because the immediate effect is to throw people out of work lessen people incomes. Meaning to have much less money to buy stuff which means businesses have no incentive to stuff because they cant buy it. So stagnation were living in now could gets much, much worse and its irony capitalism cannot deal with potential that it spad itself and thats the moment were in. In a moment with we have the post Scarcity Society but we dont have a academic u city thats the dilemma. This is a radical idea. A radical change in your economy its not an idea put forth by radical. Most of our great economists understand that capitalism was a timedated system. John king greatest economist wrote an essay a letter to his grandchildren, in which he said, capitalist it is, the economy. 100 years from now will be so powerful that very few em will be needed to produce everything people need to live a comfortable life. He said because of that capitalism will have to fundamentally change and human nature will have to change so first time humans will not have to be tied to a job for their survival they can expand beyond that something better. And incase they have profound he said that even though well have this ability there will be a period of great upheaval and be a psychologically traumatic period for humanity because our existence is predicated on our labor and tough to find a different way to understand ourself it is from doing, required labor isnt the way we understand our role and function in the world. But thats the moment thats coming and i think its a credit to cane. See that 1930s 2030 seems like a good e. T. A. Of what were talking. So what do we do and how do we solve this problem and make is so we have an economy that usings these technologies for all of the benefits and doesnt use them to enrich those who own the academy and the googles, and of the world. Well our argument is very simple this is not a technological problem, its not a problem of the economy. Its really a problem of democracy. More democratic our society is more participation there is in politics from everyone in society. The better we can reform our economy, recreate our society, so it has a happy ending to a story. So less we do that, theless likely it is to be happy ending. And in the book we spend a lot of time talking about that. I have to briefly explain a little bit what we mean by democracy and how that place out. When we talk about economy, we oftentimes use Term Economic infrastructure you hear had politicians talk about it. A very important ideas. You want to start a bookstore like redd coauthor of business it makier job necessary to be a transportation infrastructure, communication infrastructure, water, energy, you need all of these things to build your place, place your enterprise on top it is hard. They have to do all of that other stuff. They have to build roads to get here and power line and so you have to have an economic infrastructure with a credible advance to economy. Well same thing is true with democracy just take them through the citizen. Hey look at me im a citizen doesnt mean a lot unless theres a democratic infrastructure that means a credible news media with book stores like this, and Education System so everyone a quality education that means you dont have any corruption. Theres a whole range of things political scientists agree on that you have to have to have a viable democracy and in an argue of the United States todays months of those criteria have been wiped out or under direct attack and in the wrong direction. We have to reverse course and reare jiewfer nate juve is rejuvenate our infrastructure and on this topic we find this battle over our democracy and how the infrastructure is built, with who can participate an how strong the news media will be, and who it will serve and education. These trouble states are the beginning of the republic. All of the constitutional fights this is what is underneath all of them and all of the state constitution and the federal constitution. And american shiers one of constant battle over these issues. Good, bads guys depending on your perspective but never one way or just the other and if you look at the a United States between 1900 and 1970s the United States became a vastly more democracy country. The percentage of americans who can vote in 1900 was pretty small. By 1970 on verge of having universal adult suffrage and we have things that limited corruption in equality thingses like progressive income tax, labor union, social security, medicare. Universal high Higher Education by late 19 how 60s that was almt free. And pretty much goarches not saying we won everything but there were struggle