To other countries command we support cancer research. In fact, theyre would not be a Clinical Trial program in europe except that we set it up, and operating office in belgium and got them all going, and now they do well. But the Cancer Institute set that up. People who have made major discoveries have done it with us dollars. And that was the big point. We did not know where the cure might come from and therefore we should not restrict the grants just to the United States. [applause] thank you. I would like to thank the dr. Very much for this amazingly informative and everyone had lots of good questions. I hope you will come up and meet with our speakers and thank you for coming. [applause] cspan washington journal live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. Coming up thursday morning executive director and president and ceo of the Truman National security project on the us policy in the fight against Jihadist Terrorism and they will examineit will examine how migration and immigration policies play a role in the conflict. And Associated PressHomeland Security reporter talked about the us Security Posture in the wake of the belgium attacks and look at the status of Syrian Refugees already in the us and those who wish to come here. Be sure to watch beginning live at 7 00 a. M. Thursday morning. Join the discussion. For this year student camera contest students produced documentaries telling us the issues they want the candidates to discuss. Students told us the economy, equality, education and immigration were all top issues. Congratulations to all winners and every weekday in april starting on the 1st one of the top 21 winning entries will air at 6 50 a. M. Eastern. All the winning entries are available for view online at student camera. Org. Book tv. When itune in on the weekend usually it is authors sharing new releases. Watching the nonfiction authors on book tv is the best television for serious readers. On cspan they could have a longer conversation delve into their subject. Book tv weekends, they bring you author after author after author. The work of fascinating people. I love book tv and then a cspan fan. Now discussion about psychiatry and the treatment of Mental Illness. Jeffrey lieberman is the author of shrinks, and history of psychiatry. He spoke at the Alexandria Center for life science of new york. This is just over an hour. Thank you so much, and i would like to welcome you to the Alexandria Center for life science. The alexandria ctr. , new yorkcenter new york city is new yorks 1st and only premier life science campus providing the citys leading pharmaceutical club i attack, and Academic Research institutes with stateoftheart commercial lab space and unparalleled amenities. Our urban campus is an integral part of the citys life science ecosystem that designed to foster innovative collaboration among new yorks world renowned academic and medical institutions preeminent scientific talent, toptiertalent, toptier Investment Capital and the broad and diverse commercial life science industry to speed the translation of new life science discovery from bed to bed side. The largest and leading developer uniquely focused on collaborative science and Technology Campuses and aaa innovation cluster locations with campuses all over the country in the life science up, cambridge massachusetts, san francisco, san diego. Ten years ten years ago there was little commercial life science or new york city, and now we are proud to be part of the citys vibrant echo system and in the past few months over a halfa half dozen new Life Science Companies havent started out of new york institution, truly amazing how far we have come in such a short time. But alexandria not only built Laboratory Building sql important to us, weus, we build collaborative life science ecosystems through our thought leadership programming and events like this one tonight. And a bringing the Life Science Community together around issues that have the potential to accelerate the development of lifechanging treatment for patients who need them most. In 2011 the chairman and founder of alexander Real Estate Equity founded the alexandria summit as a way to bring together aa Diverse Group of Key Stakeholders across the life science continuum to address the most Critical Issues and drug discoveries, developments, and global health. We. We have had eight alexandria summits, including one last january dedicated to neuroscience and both our speakers tonight participated. An important signature of the summit is the voice of the patient, and bob boorstin delivers an opening keynote about his life with bipolar disease. Mental illness is more common than you think. Wanted for people experience it in a given year. Of that, one in 17 live with a serious mentala serious Mental Illness such as major depression, bipolar disease, or schizophrenia. Diseases and disorders pose one of the greatest facing us today, one that has been the temple for an enormous social and economic consequences. Depression or bipolar disease affects more than 400 million. The social and economic costs are staggering, severe mental disorders of an estimated to cost society 2. 5 trillion worldwide. Without a better understanding of the brain and more effective treatment for Brain Disorders promise to continue to destroy patients and their families, undermine health systems, and pose a great burden to the global economy. It is imperative that we Work Together to increase public and private funding and Development Centers renovation and research and Drug Development and to continue to increase emphasis on Public Awareness about these diseases. We believe there are solutions to be found and that we bear responsibility for convening conversations and actions that could lead to solutions. We are honored to host this event tonight and grateful for our Ongoing Partnership with jeff and bob and as we all work to decrease stigma and to improve health care for those with Brain Disorders. Tonight i would like to introduce bob bob boorstin and doctor jeffrey lieberman. I will start with bob on the far left, Senior Vice President of the Albright Stonebridge group,group, a leading commercial diplomacy and Global Strategy Firm based in washington dc. With a 25 years of experience and private government and nonprofit sectors well worked at google and public policy, ran the National Security programs at the center for american progress, dc think tank, continues to advise fortune 500 executives, served in the National Security council, the treasury, and state departments trying the state departments during the clinton administration. Since 1987 when he was diagnosed with bipolar disease, bob has been an outspoken advocate for people with Mental Illness and has worked closely with leading advocacy groups. Inin the Clinton White house he helped to advance policies that guarantee parity, coverage for Mental Illnesses, medical professionals, families, and patients across the us, europe, and africa. And to my near left ii would like to introduce doctor jeff lieberman, chair of psychiatry at the department , chair of the Psychiatry Department at Columbia University in the past president of the American Psychiatric association. Just work has advance the understanding of how the physiology and treatment of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders and has authored and coauthored over 600 papers, he has written or edited 11 books on Mental Illness, psychopharmacology and psychiatry and is the recipient of Many National awards. In 2000 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences Institute of medicine, and during his term as the president of the American Psychiatric association he actively contributed to government policy and legislation including the Mental Health parity and addiction equity act, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care act, the families of Mental Health crises act and was a visible spokesperson to the media on Mental Illness and psychiatry. And recently in this last year he published shrinks, the untold story of psychiatry which we will discuss here tonight. When we finish the dialogue and there we will move outside for a book signing and cocktails. I will turn it over to you bob. Thank you very much. Thank you for coming this evening. Honored to host this dialogue and also with my colleagues. A long career in academic psychiatry, treat patients and Mental Health care, developing and being perceived, it seemed to be incomprehensible that people , and when you think about it, Mental Illness affects a minimum of 20 percent of the population , that you throughout Human History the barriers to treatment were lack of knowledge and effective treatment. Twentyfirst century now the barriers are lack of awareness, stigma, shame, and lack of access. And so something much more poetic. What was it . It was pariahs the palace of medicine. [laughter] is better. Thats what they said. It was enough to try to provide an idea. Let me now turn it over to my friend in addition to his professional accomplishment is one of the most interesting and admirable people that i know. Thank you very much. I am here tonight for two reasons. I am a big admirer, and you should be, too. He survived a year survived a year plus as president of the American Psychiatric association. Those of you have any relation to the field of psychiatry should know that is one of the most difficult jobs in the country, to survive the battles. Second reason i am here is because i could not pass up the opportunity for role reversal. For almost 30 years now i have said and psychiatrists office and bask questions. Now i get i get to ask the questions, if only for an hour. I promise not to not incessantly and say, and how do you feel about that . Were going to talk about his book and a few of the issues and Mental Health right now, but before we cracked the cover let me start with the big question, people talk a lot about the term Mental Health or Mental Illness. How do you define it . Was it really include . It is a set of disorders it can to how we think about respiratory disorders, cardiovascular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders. Lungs,lungs, heart, stomach. Yes. Just translating. Any organ of the body, the brain is so complex and requires three to cover it. The most highly evolved in the Animal Kingdom and mediate the mental function of cognition. So based on that Mental Illnesses and the purview of psychiatry encompasses what are traditionally thought of as Mental Illnesses, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, anxiety, eating disorders, dementias, also the intellectual or Developmental Disabilities adhd, learning disabilities, and the addiction. These are all affecting the same real estate mentor in the brain and are disturbing these mental functions. That is an expansive definition. I would simply say everybody has something that qualifies. I picked up the newspaper this morning, for the young people here, this is a newspaper. Screaming. Are we perhaps experiencing . We talked about the military. And he can be a real problem. It is not analogize a normal behavior as critics say. There was a book that former friends and colleagues thought were formal, these greedy psychologists were coming up with a diagnosis. So that is actually untrue. The notion which was popular in the heyday of psychoanalysis, being analyzed like having Plastic Surgery today. It is dispelled, line between an illness and what is not. Everyone has socalled issues. You talk about screening, my answer is what took you so long. The most common mental disorder in terms of frequency in the world. The World Bank Says that by 2020 the 2nd most expensive illness. By 2030 it will be the 1st why wouldnt we screen for it . Women who are preorpre or post part of wellness psychiatric condition, most commonly depression. Why wouldnt it be prenatal care . The other is the elderly. Geriatric is very common. The highest suicide rate of any demographic is elderly males. So we do diabetes screening, hypertension, why not depression screening . All right. After all, that is why work here. My cards on the table. A subject close to my heart but also because it is one of the few non memoir and psychiatry that is approachable and is approachable he written. Absolutely. [laughter] darwin when he wrote his command there have been others. This book has the medical and personal and it. The other thing i like about it is you till it like it is and lets start with that. Reading the interpretation get you thinking about having a career in psychiatry, but at the same time you by no means go easy as at certain points in the book he seems like a villain. Youre right, ended up stranding psychiatry and intellectual desert the most dramatic crazes endured. I guess my question is how do i get it right. A lot of adventures or discover, great ideas, fields are works, the produce cost problems employer that neurologist, study disorders essentially related to the brain, and at the time the scientific of the brain and conditions associated with it. Anorexia, psychosis, depression. And Research Methodology that was available to people was in that kind. And just by his own observation of people coming to his office, this, that, and imagination, no theory of the mind. And his theory of the mind is that the mind was involved, not like some unitary phenomenon. Podium of the mind. There is a process and some disturbances could cause you to feel like you are paralyzed, feel like you are constantly fearful, in great danger, cause you to feel depressed, came up with a way of trying to understand this. They still use the idea of the conscious and unconscious, readily available to us. Had the idea of rationalizing, denying things. The idea of conflicts, impulses and desires and constraints. So these were seminal. Seminal for einstein and darwin. The 1st was he never allowed his theory to be objective testing. Loyalty and obedience. He began to apply his theory. Severe Mental Illness. The reality is, there are many aspects that are very useful and effective that had virtually nothing to do with these disorders, autism , some horrible, horrible things. The refrigerator, homosexuality, the father, and these things were not only untrue but i think the legacy, those that came after. Someone who went through analysis, delusional breakdown, have a psychoanalyst, i kind of relate to that. Referring your book as psychiatry is a step style of medicine. Legitimate science and yet your book is full of descriptions of cures and ideas that could legitimately be called illegitimate. Use of forest the title i section of the book fairly harsh. So two questions for you to answer. How much of psychiatrys image and the stigma problem can be laid at the foot of psychiatry and people who claim to be in 2nd to you think that stigma was inevitable . Given the crazy complexity . I think it is about 60. Gets us through. Due to the social environment in which has evolved. What, i mean, by that is psychiatrists started out like every other document. Midwives and bone doctors, cardiac cardiologists, dermatologists, everything. They were one of the 1st. The American Psychiatric association is the oldest professional medical association. It was called the association of medical pilots and superintendents, took care. But what happened was Scientific Research provided from evidentiary basis, others began to take off, surgery, techniques, instruments, infectious disease, pasteur, and within the field of psychiatry you can see tumors, strokes, the tangling of dementias, there was no basis to it. The theory was so compelling intellectually that psychiatry became enthralled with it. Training of my supervisors, they would joke about how they had gotten everything they learned in medical school and just did not need any of it. Everything was focused on psychology of the minute psychotherapy. And so actually really went overboard. The 1s