Times. Ecological catastrophe looming, Nuclear Catastrophe still a possibility. The economic catastrophe of pq6 rty andq increasing wealth and inequality. The spiritual catastrophe of losing sight of nonmarket values like love and fidelity andfa integrity. Andx ocxd certainly the moraljf catastrophes of variousxdr hatred could be against arabs and muslims against gays andq l m 9m1 w9u j black people orlp red people or women< and so forth. Against christians in certain contexts. Certain rightwingnb christians. So many morefa rightwing christians than revolutionary christianszvlike myself. When9 v how are things over there, what is their relationship between their use andq the schools between themn weapon5aall in this together. We hang together we hang separately. That is part of the truthtelling that is required but its stillw3i] bleak. I think itsnr alwaysni ar8 candle innr the dark. Ande1 tony morrison. Thats the best of the humanw3 condition. 9 weni went co we but we had this conference 50 years ago, the school was only about five years old. But we that this dialogue here 50 years agook it was bleak then. o[ especially in certain contexts. Where people were n catching hell right . Even though people could have been n highly when they thought everything was nice and smooth. pva world is to narrow, get out of your bubble. The world is full of a lot of suffering and misery. Pointedxdfar removing the moral content andu valorizing the private9 life to expandw3y everyone could just lead their open . E lives, doing thats please, stayin cout ofyma5 se r others way. A5 to expand the private sphere, and to limit what goes on in the public sphere to a certain set of c the professor mentioned. R reporter the domain in which the domain will be held that would be limited by excluding reasons that were not public, matters that were not proper the public concern matters having to do with virtue. The good of life. The good things of life. Didnt want battles to be over the good. Duty over the structures in which we in each of our own way would pursue. I have been a severe critic of wealthy and philosophy, i found the work to be a tremendous challenge. Even as the critic recognized the impulse was entirely understandable and legitimate. Where did this enlightened project, and leighton and project come out of. Horrible wars of religion, the brutal bloody wars that for europe apart. Fighting over big issues, god, faith, and lachemann project, untamed politics is dangerous. Nasty brutish and short. We have got to do something about that. This is the challenge of the professors question. But we find as a result of the triumph of that and light mint view of politics is the culture about which professor west and i are complaining. The sting of the professors question is this. You two might very well think we produced a degraded culture, a selfish culture, a culture and lacking in virtues, and humidity, courage, steadfastness, faith and so forth but do you want to return to a situation where politics is no longer kim . Politics goes back to fighting they disagree about what the french use are, we want politics to be about that this agreement. We say as christians. Every human being is a precious child of god, other people dont think that dont believe that. We want our politics to be premised on that . Do we want to have battles about that . So he is saying to the two of us, look, it might be that you have the choice, a political system that at least provides a safety by removing the most divisive and difficult and existential questions or a degraded and debased culture which may be the natural outcome of obtained politics. That is the series challenge to us because we dont want the degraded culture. We want public witness to be prophetic. We want the big issues of human life meaning, value, virtue to be engaged at the public level but we dont want to go back to the wars of religion so we want to find an alternative and the onus is on us. Walt put out his proposal that had blocked before and others. We have a big problem with it, we are critics of it. All right fine. If you reject zach what is your alternative, what are you going to put in its place . What will politics look like as you would structure things . Serious question. Thank you very much lets give them a hand. [applause] they are available to sign books, if you have a question you can ask that the book signing in the full a. Faith you for stimulating discussion this evening and exhibiting exactly what we are trying to get ask, the Common Ground principle we are trying to achieve. Brother cornell and brother robbie deserve a cut bag. [applause]tote bag. [applause] [inaudible conversations] booktv is on twitter and facebook and we want to hear from you. Tweet us twitter. Com booktv or post a comment on our face book page facebook. Com booktv. Welcome to st. Augustine fla. On booktv. Founded in 1665 is the oldest continuously occupied european settlement in the United States. With the help of our Comcast Cable partners over the next 90 minutes we will speak with local lawyers as we learn about the city and its history including a look at Henry Flagler who developed the east coast of the state into a tourist destination. He needed to own the railroad between jacksonville and st. Augustine to ensure that guests could get to his hotel conveniently. He built the First Railroad bridge across the st. Johns river in jacksonville so that people could make it to new york to st. Augustine without changing trains. Later we visit the st. Augustine Historical Society. We have a wide range of materials, we have the first journal for the city council to the territorial act, we have a similar award journal, and a fascinating little piece which is st. Augustine linked. And learn about the franciscan monks who settled the area. [speaking in native tongue] we are at the mission grounds. The mission is the place where in september of 1565 men mendez, the first explorer to this part landed here not far from us and celebrated the first mass in this site. This area has been a shrine for many years and is particularly important. If you notice the church dedicated to our lady our lady of the milk, there was a devotion that was throughout the Roman Catholic world but particularly brought from spain in the 1600s and was put in this area, a statue and became a popular site for those who wanted to come to pray, invoke the support of mary but in particular became wellknown for those who are struggling to conceive and there was a natural link between mothers and this site particularly important also in light of the people that live in this area because we have different groups of Indigenous People and among them the canoe they passed power through the maternal line. Power was passed through the maternal line meaning of a role of women was important. You can see how as christianity was introduced here the devotion to mary not only reflected in catholic view of the world and the role of mary but has a special link with the people of this area who recognize the importance of mothers in their tribal culture. The purpose for many years there have been attempts by the spanish to settle in florida and the attempts failed for various reasons. With this was about is the french had established an outpost in the area of jacksonville. The french huguenots and spanish wanted to make sure the french gained a foothold here. St. Augustine, this area was very important when you think about trade. This would have been a place where potentially the treasure galleons coming from the caribbean would pass by here in this area before they would head out over the ocean so theres a Strategic Point to being here but it is important to remember too said over politics and economics, crucial factors, there was also religious mandate that Pedro Menendez receive from the king that he was supposed to evangelize, bring the catholic faith to the people he your and so this was the intent from the beginning, franciscans the back to st. Francis of assisi, small town north of rome, frances was and up and coming businessman, his father was in the clock for a. He had remarkable outside the walls of the city. He was struck by the suffering of the lepers and was moved in some mysterious way he says to exchange his riches for their poverty so he began to visit and work with the lepers and pretty soon any number of young people both men and women followed his example. This Movement Began to move through rome. Columbus was a influenced by the franciscans and was in consultation with them prior to his coming to the United States so the franciscans 11 view of life was very well known by columbus and the spanish royalty were very much in favor of getting the franciscans to come to the new world so withmendez had contact with franciscans 11 through the king of spain and was able to appeal to the franciscans so in 1573, this is not by chance 12. The first 12 apostles went to mexico to begin evangelizing there so the friars came here and established their first outpost which was the convent in town here. The interesting thing for many of us because we did this book on the spanish borderlands on franciscans in california texas and florida, what marks and distinguishes the franciscans experience in florida is when they are arrived here they encountered a group of people that had a class structure they could relate to. There was a clear hierarchical order to the indigenous societies here so the spanish made an effort to recognize the individual classes and offered corresponding rewards, gifts if you will, recognition of their status with in this society which meant as opposed to some other areas they were able to integrate into the society fairly easily compared to some other parts of the country and the new world. What happened here is the franciscans were following intentionally or not there early model of st. Francis of assisi which is you should go one of the ways of proclaiming the gospels to live with the people so what we find is instead of big monasterys being built and the Indigenous Peoples being brought to the monasteries the franciscans went one by one, lived in some of these different villages and formed areas to teach the doctrine of the faith in the village and they had numerous places and outlying areas they would go to visit and proclaimed the faith there. It would be it would not be true to say there were no problems or struggles but in contrast, in comparison to different franciscans evangelization efforts something very special happened here in florida. Franciscans who were here, people who introduced to the temecula and people way of writing so they were able to put their spoken language into written form with grammar which means it is the first indigenous written grammatical language in the United States. So evangelization here was not simply standing on the Street Corner and preaching. Was a whole educational system franciscans set up and decided already in spain and this was a worldwide effort because missions were going on in peru, the philippines, the same things they were doing there is a reducing here which means native indigenous authors in florida already around 1600 which has changed our understanding of the Indigenous Peoples of this area. They would have symbols and there was a symbol of the cross that was here and the spanish would kneel before it and kiss it and we would see Indigenous People here doing the same thing. In other words they connect religion to particular symbols so that was one way they communicated and records from different churches in this area over 200 years the franciscans word here, secular priests as well, we recognize there were a lot of images and statues your, the churches were clearly filled with paintings, statues that was one of the most direct ways of transmitting the faith through the visual. Also we have reports, records that the spanish also introduced the Indigenous People to music and music became an incredible way of transmitting the faith because they would sing. This was a very franciscans way of the evangelization going back to st. Francis of assisi who wrote his famous cattle of brothers son which was the first literary piece in the language so for franciscans had that sense that language is an important part of praising god, spreading the faith. Music poetry, all these different ways you can get people involved with the word become essentials of evangelization so if you will they prided themselves in a certain way and mention time and time again there chronicles and letters they made a special effort to learn the languages of the people. So we know from different accounts there are any number of franciscans 11law rarely stable to function, they bore able to teach and preach in those languagess. [speaking in native tongue] this is the longest continuing colonial city in the United States. Another part of the story as i mentioned was the franciscans 11 were here two centuries before the franciscans arrived to evangelize in california. The culture in many ways, 200 years is a pretty decent period of time so for 200 years almost two centuries there was a rough riding multiethnic culture that faltered through spanish piety and not just if you look at different places but the layout of the city, it is a wonderful place where you can see how the other story of the United States which is not told is incredibly important. Is important not just because of what it says about florida and the United States because of the international dimension. This place long before international is asian became a buzzword this place was marked by different people ethnic groups, cultures, language trade and religion. Booktv is in st. Augustine, fla. With the help of comcast. Next we visit the st. Augustine Historical SocietyResearch Library with chief librarian bob nawrocki. We are standing today at the smith house built in 1780, the building was given to the st. Augustine Historical Society and march 3rd, 1995, the Historical SocietyResearch Library opened up in the building. Today we have a wide range of materials, art that was done by the plains indians that were held captive in the forge, fort marion, the seminole war did journal by dr. Mop. And it relates to warren g. Harding. And under the United States territorial lacked, and almost from the thursday the society was founded we have been trying to collect documents and other material relating to the history. St. Augustine was founded 450 years ago this year and is the oldest continuously occupied european city in the United States so he read the st. Augustine Historical Society we are trying to collect material to allow people to research that history and also to sort of make the United States aware of the importance of st. Augustine. In 1763 as part of the treaties that ended the french and indian war. The british had captured cuba, havana, and retaining of van and cuba traded to the british. And under the british period for 20 years, governor grants and governor tony, went to the Colonial Office papers from Public Records Office in london. These were on microfilm, went through those documents into abstract and all the documents that related to st. Augustine so we have a cubic foot of transcribed material that talks about the history of st. Augustine during that period of time so here we have in 1767 we talk about orders from his majesty, 1764, tracts of land for john tucker, blackberry, we have information about the fort being damaged by a hurricane. And a royal proclamation of 1763. None arrived to settle on creek land. And established, the governor grant established plantations, cotton, in the go. And what kind of exports the colony can make. A different attitude towards that. Let me tell you how the county was governed and to was governing and what rules were established, all the most mundane things. Between 1763 and 1764 of the spanish inhabitants of st. Augustine left, they all moved to cuba. During the 20 years the british were here they established plantationss bartram came through town and st. Johns and he describes many of those plantations, the crops thatd sretat ates176e0awas a bu under the spanish government. Trying to set as the City Government these are all the ordnance is an organizational materials they required in order to establish that. During the 1870s yen 1880s planes indians and are patchys were brought from leaders of s were brought from leaders ofbrought from leaders of various bands or, quote, troublemakers, the idea was these individuals would be, quote, civilized end when they returned to arizona or the planes they wouldnt cause, quote, trouble. Capt. Pratt was the individual who was doing this and he eventually went on to found the Carlisle Indian school in carlisle pa. The indians, the native americans have a couple options to make some money. They made bows and arrows which they sold to Northern Forests who came here. There were examples of a couple how walls or buffalo bill wild west type shows, and also created ledger charge, paper using crayons or ink and paper. To bose document the life that they remembered as well as what was happening in st. Augustine so we have five pieces that represents both of those aspects. We have three pictures here. We have two writers on their horses. This writer is still talking down and firing a gun and attempting to shoot him with a spear has been shot. We have two native americans on their horses. The native americans were taken to a circus and here are some examples two acrobats on a horse, they have the reds, one gentleman is holding up the other while they ride on the horse and here we have an acrobat on a horse while a gentleman holds a piece of wood up to make the horse jumped over and here in the corner a native american clown. Their interpretation of what a clown lo