For me and my own research is unmistakable that mormonnism has again more than its fair share this weekend were in prove, utah, with the help of comcast. Next we visit moons rare books. Ive been collecting rare books for 30 years. I decided to relocate to provo after selling my book shop in dallas, which also sold new books. The past years those with new books have suffered with the advent of ebooks and everything going digital. What i found is the interest in rare books has increased. In my shop right now there are about a thousand books, but in my inventory there are 5,000 books. I rotate books through here, and i specialize in four different areas. I specialize in rare bibles, older bibles, bibles from the past 500 years. Inning utah i specialize in early mormon books. Classics and literature, and early american history. One of the item is enjoy collecting are bibles or religious texts that belong ted wellknown historical figures, and being from utah one of the more popular items is Brigham Youngs copy of the book of mormon. Housed a protective clam shell but this is according to family tradition, this is the copy of the book of mormon that was on Brigham Youngs night stand when he died in 1977. And on the title page you can see his signature. Another one of my i enjoy early american history, and this is really one of the most important books printed in america pre1800 and its an original copy of Thomas Paynes common sense, which was printed in philadelphia. This printer was robert bell on third street in philadelphia, and if you go there today youll see a black box saying here is where common sense was presented, january 9, 1776. It is sewn together. Quite rare, and it was printed the times, in january of 1776, and has an interesting story because thomas payne went to robert bell, wanted to have this printed, and he wanted the proceeds to buy the soldiers mittens. Well, after it went through three printings they had a falling out, and so thomas payne allowed anybody to print it. He lowered the price and said anybody. Can print and it thats one reason the book is so wellknown and has the designation of having the highest saturation of any book ever printed in america. My favorite find in the past year is a bible that belonged to the man who wrote lord of the rings. J. R. R. Tolkeins copy of the bible. And i have protective case made for it but it was very simple bible. Printed in 1947 in the middle of writing lord of the rings, write it from 1937 to 1954, and you can see its beautiful. Wellknown recognizable signature in the front. But what most interests me about this book is the fact he annotated the book and made comments in the margin, and on the last page of john he is making comments in greek. Comparing it to seven different versions of the bible. He is making thing saying this is a better translation of this greek of the original greek, and so j. R. R. Tolkeins bible, one he had while he was writing lord of the rings. Just a thous books in here are worth over ten million, and there are actually even a few books worth over a million apiece. Although i have books as low as 100, but thats kind of the starting level for the books i have. What i enjoy so much about the rare books, its the hunt. A treasure hunt. Its find can them, and then also realizing in these older books theyre different. They have a different feel, different look, and often a different story, often depending on who owned the books, an added story within a story. This is a the Perfect Place to keep these books because its fireproof, humidity controlled, and theres no uv light. This little book has a big story but if youre looking at it youll see its in latin and could be overlooked unless you understand what this symbol is, this little book has a great story but you have to know history. You have to understand the history of this time period to understand who owned the book. So you almost have to do detective work. Now, to determine who owned this book you look at this, when you see this you see a crown. That makes you think royalty. You go, okay. Well, now you see the fleur de leis so you think thats french royalty but why do you see the two side inside well, this is because this person was married. So, this would be a queens copy. The king at the time was louis xvi. This is the seal of marie antoinette, and this is in latin but if you know what her seal looked like you could identify this. Very few of her books have survived in private hands because when she was executed her libraries were absorbed into the French National library this would have been also book she carried with her and would have had more than one. Something each year they were given new coaches so she would have had a few and could have given this copy away. Thats why it is not in the French National library. And finally another fun book is a shakespeare book. He died in 1616 and in 1623 his complete works were first printed, and then again in 1632 and 1664 and 1685. Only about 250 of each of these copies have survived. But theres maybe a thousand copies in the world, and of those thousands, the vast majority, over 90 , are institutionally owned, but i have a portfolio, 1685. Even before you open the book, you know that book has a story to tell. Its just a stunning binding with working clasps. Its the complete works of shakespeare done in 1685. And i have it open to romeo and juliet. I will continue to collect books the rest of my life. I have had people ask me exwhen are you going resneer what are you going to do . Im already doing it. I cant think of anything i would rather do than travel around, tracking down rare books. I enjoy these books. People ask, do you read them . Absolutely. I will go through. You never know if one of the earlier owners has made an inscription that could substantially increase the value of the book or add added interest to the story behind the book. And so i will always do this. I never get tired of it. I love sharing stories with old and young, and i look forward to every day. This book shop has been closing in record numbers, National Chains are closing down. 15 years ago, i knew owners of about 300 book stores. 250 of those have closed. Just in the past 15 years. So, its important for these stores to continue to survive. They add character to the local community. Its a place, a Meeting Place for people, and it keeps history alive. By these book shops continuing to be in existence. During booktvs visit to provo, utah, we spoke with easterly fry about his vision for the country and his book revital yuiing governance, restoring prosperity and reconstructing foreign affairs. Generally twothirds say the country is moving in the wrong direction. Almost half of parents say the think their children will not do as well as the parents have done in adulthood. Theres some discouragement out there about the future of the United States. In part, because a fair number of households have not done too well financially. Not much in the way of raises, not much in the way of increased fringe benefits, but at the same time, their healthcare costers going up, costs of education, particularly at the college level, are going up so the feeling is theres a lot more money going out but not as much coming in, and so theyre wondering, are we being serviced well by our political leaders in washington, dc . What do we need to change in order that my own individual circumstances will improve significantly . Coming out of world war ii, and then moving particularly through the early 70s we did very well, and keep in mind it was amazing at the end of world war ii. He had had over 14 Million People in uniform. We had to bring most of them home. And what were they going to do . We were able to basically get young men and women into colleges and universities, get them enough jobs, moving from a wartime economy to civilian economy, and we did very well, and you could come out a school with a High School Education and generally gate get a good job, particularly in the manufacturing sector, as we move to 1945 where the United States alone kented for almost half of everything that was being produced in the world. And when you combine that with the fact that we had the strongest military, a monopoly on atomic weapons. I argue in the book that the United States may well have been the most powerful super power ever in terms of its global reach. And then it made sense that the devastation of europe, parts of asia would go away. Those people would get back on their seat and our share of global gross dome product and other things would go down, and they health but were still a very still significant economy in the world. Although when measured in what the economists call purchasing power aparty, factoring out the differential in currency, our share of global gdp is probably the lowest its been in a century or so. And most americans think that our influence globally has been going down rather significantly, and that we have to adjust to changing circumstances. Were still a super power, but not as dominant as we once were, and with the world changing, becoming more complex, that we have to adjust to that, and do the best we can, both internationally and at home to preserve the security of our people and also their prosperity. How did this change happen . Basically in part, other nations have grown more rapidly than we have during the past several years. We also went into a period of slower economic growth, and of course we look at the economic miracle, if we can call it in china, where literally since the end of the 1970s, hundreds of millions of chinese have been brought out of poverty, and the chinese economy growing more rapidly than our own through much of this period and that has happened in many of what we call the emerging markets. Other developing countries as well. So, we our share of things has gone down, whether its a share of world exports, world gdp, world Foreign Direct Investment and stuff like that. But probably were reaching a balance somewhere and theres no reason why this cant be a winwin situation in terms of they can do well, the country around us and we can do well, too, and we will just expand the economic pie and hopefully take into account environmental conditions and not degrade our environment and that well have a good standard of living, good quality of life, and so will more and more people around to the world. Whats what we hope for but no doubt the u. S. Influence is not as great as it once was. We he to cooperate more ive other faces north be as unilateral at times as we have in the past, and were getting used to that, and were not quite sure what the best way to do it is, and so the American People are looking at the u. S. Role in the world saying, well, were not as influential as we once we are. Were a plurality of americans think the 21st center may be the asian century instead of the american century. The 20th century was the american century. Americans are somewhat upset by this relative lack of our our drop in our influence, and our position in the world. And beyond that i think its what i call the triple combination in the book. Expanding globalization, unprecedented technology change, and also the creative destruction. What i mean by creative destruction, comes from a famous austrian american economist, basically we simultaneously create and destroy businesses and jobs, and let me give you an illustration of that. In the year 2014, we had a pretty good year. We create three million net new jobs in the United States. What really happened was we created 29. 1 million new jobs but we lost 26. 1 million. So, yaw, three million net new jobs, very good, but what if youre among the 26. 1 million where the job ended. What if youre a 55yearold steel worker and all of a sudden youre out of a job . Where bow going to duplicate that wage and fringe bin get outside have received. So with this triple combination of change and its occurring so rapidly, americans are worried. About their own futures, worried about the kids futures, will we be able to keep up as a nation . We bee qualified for jobs . How about the competition we other countries . How well will we do . Were living in an age almost like no other age in our history in firms of the rapidity of change, and naturally people are thinking, well, im not sure i like this. And but we have to adapt to it, which means almost lifelong learning, lifelong retraining for our jobs, because were probably doubling our database every year or two now, unlike any other time in human history. And so will we be able to keep pace . Anso with that i think the average american says, oh, yeah, we rowley have to be concerned about this. One of the great tragedies, i think, that we now face in the United States, we have 20 of our young people dropping out thereof school before graduating from high school. And theyre the ones that are really going to struggle as time goes on. Theyll have jobs which may not pay nearly as much as the average job pays, and doing labor that a lot of poo people will not have to do, and that obviously shows we have to put much greater emphasis on k through 12 education. We sort of do were in the middle compared to otherddle cor advanced Industrial Society inside turned of science and mathematics and reading comprehension. So we need to put more of an emphasis on what we are doing in the schools. Were losing 20 of the new School Teachers within three years, losing 50 within five years in major urban areas. In contrast, for example in finland, where i had the opportunity to teach for a year, all the students who wanted to become teachers have to have a graduate degree in a certain discipline, and to get into the university of helsinki in terms of bag teacher, thats being prepared for teaching k through 12, its more difficult to get into the university of helsinki if you want be to a teacher than to go to law school or medical school. Theres that put that much emphasis on the importance of teaching young people, and we probably have to do that as well. Pay our teachers better, better compensation, better working conditions, and understand we are raising new generation of leadership. The rapidity of change like we have never faced. So we have to do more in this area, even though were rich in Natural Resources the 21st 21st century, the most important Natural Resource is the human resource, and its brain power. So we have to make chute that our young people are given the training they need so they can compete very effectively in a world that is undergoing significant change. During booktvs recent visit to provo, utah, we toured the Crandall HistoricalPrinting Museum, and discussed to the advances made in the printing process. Were here at the Crandall HistoricalPrinting Museum in provo, utah. This museum has been here for around 18 to 20 years. Here at the museum we tell the history of printing from the beginning. We do it by telling the history of the printing of the scriptures, which is appropriate since the first book printed using moveable metal type was the bible. So thats where we start. Louis crandall is the founder and the owner of this museum. He is an old printer. He began printing when he was 14 years old, down in mesa, arizona, and has been printing his whole life and when he moved to provo he brought all of his old printing material, his old Printing Presses and the type and everything, and started showing the people and just sort of expanded from that, from the reasonable press is what we have here today. First thing they experience is learning about the printing using moveable metal type, beginning with the Gutenberg Printing press. This is the rep mix cal of the Gutenberg Printing press, the first thing printed using moveable type. What this is, its a converted press. Guttenberg, when he had to figure out a way to he saw the old olive press, the wine press and said, ill use that. You have a screw down the middle there and throw that handle or that flat board. And then he built this. This is a place to put the type. This is called the bed of the press. And this is where you put the type. You have the type made, you put the type in here. Now, every letter in here is an individual piece of pipe, put in one letter at a time. Next thing we need in order to print is ink. Now, youd think it would be no problem with ink because describes have been using ink for generations, but theres a problem with their ink. Very thin, waterbased ink. It didnt work here because it was all over. He needs a thick, sticky, black ink that sticks the surface of the type. He used linseed oil which is clear. To make it black he took lamp black or soot, to make a thick, sticky black ink. Quality has never been exceeded in the world, i dont know about that, but he used thats what he used. This is modern printers ink. Still use linseed oil for the base for printers ink and use different pigments. They dont use copper oxide for health reasons. They used different pigments. Now, they smear some ink on the stone, and i take get them covered with ink. Now, i have to work these for just a couple of minutes because i want to get that ink nice and smooth and even over the full face of the ball. Dont want any lumps or any bear spots. In order to make these ink bowls he took a wooden bowl, put a wooden handel on it. He covered it with goose skin. Why use goose skin . We dont know but its interesting he tide because gutenberg birth name was not gutenberg. It was genesfleisch, which is german for goose meat. He depend like it didnt like so it he changed his name. Why did he pick the name he did . In those days you hat a nice home, line them up in row and number them so they would name their homes. And he named his Home Mountain holme. He took this for his family anybody. So we call him gutenberg lollipop, smooth and even. You dont drag it across you dont roll it. You come straight down. Theres a real art to doing this. And remember the crew that does this particular job, for some strange reason, is called a beater. There. Now, the next thing we need is something to print on. Gutenberg did not have to invent paper. Papermaking had been invented in communicate the knowledge was brought to europe b