Well i didnt vote because i didnt have an idea but i also wasnt registered. So is that a person who isnt voting because they were not registered or voting because they didnt have an id . But even even if you give them the menu, like tuna, the weather was bad, they didnt like the candidates, only about, i dont know, 7 of nonvoters say a lack of i. T. At least in indiana, this was the case in 2008 only about 7 of the voters say that was one of the many possible issues that they have, so i suspect that there are not that many folks who are out there. There was so much as currencies and so much coverage on both sides repeating charges of bipartisan toadeater voter fraud or Voter Suppression that you have to think it entered the public consciousness and perhaps had ann impact on the turnout for the life of me i do not know what direction that was petraeus and attwell, for West Virginia and i know that we had a total identification fogle i. T. Bill introduced in march, and that did have ramifications. It didnt go anywhere. But there were phone calls, more phone calls than usual in the primary election and especially here because of all of the publicity about the fri law that we were having people say i need to bring a photo id to read so much so that we send a press release out that said no frito i. T. Required the folk data verification is required and thats the way that its been at least for ten years to help america attack. So there were some ramifications just in the air hearing this. Yeah, i mean ohio was discussed that they had a controversy del foot o id photo i. D. Law. Nothing changed from the previous elections, and where we had some people scratching their heads and asking questions about early voting because early voting in ohio is done the same with aretas by mail or in person. Its the same five fields thats what you do. And we got inundated with calls and i got emails and phone calls personally that said supportive elections didnt ask me. They are not doing their jobs. Well, with early voting you dont have to present a form of identification. Thats only on election day. You write that down so there is a lot of confusion about what the rules are. But if you look at the facts on the voter turnout in ohio, we had a record early vote turnout by 1. 8 million, about 100,000 more than in 2008. But our overall turnout when you had it in the election day is about 100,000 less. So its not for lack of information when you are in ohio, its a lack of good information thats the problem. I just want to make sure why have this right and its your job to enforce, not to write it. You dont need voter i. T. If you vote early. Your list of your photo i. D. , utility bill, you can use all those things or you can when you are voting early, you write your name, address, date of birth, drivers license number, they will ask for it with your Social Security number or you can provide one of these 13 additional items in your signature a and a cross check that against the database, and that talks it works in our state. Estimates are you voting early at your courthouse or are you voting early in the different areas. Or the designated area members. In West Virginia we have early voting in the courthouse and we also have what is called satellite. So, i am trying to figure out how you do that. How you cannot ask for because you are using the drivers license number or the last digits of the security number and checking that come and before that envelope is opened the check that against the statewide data base where is your signature excess of the electronic file and where all of that Information Access on the physical copy of it and then that is the same way if you vote by mail you are not we to leave home to vote in ohio. We have an entire buffet of options for voting and we have builtin safeguards for doing so. That discussion just got extremely technical. But there is a point to be made for how technical that discussion was. Who are the people that are going to be implemented the requirement on election day . There are poll workers that work once or twice a year and get paid very little money, and its tough to be a poll worker, and its tough with all these rules and the more technical they get, the more mistakes will be made. And i wonder if there is something the just cries out for simplicity in terms of i. T. Requirements. And maybe no i. T. Requirements because it just adds another layer of complexity to the polling place process that may be we dont need. Simplicity would be great. But every time we provide some new access, its accompanied by some new controversy. And i absolutely agree with everything that you say about the poll workers. But lets take a step further. Its also at our board of elections. We have boards of the elections the federal government wants to do one thing that could help us send more money to buy new machines because our machines are old, our maintenance contracts are wearing out, this was all the local level. How they got us objected to these new expensive machines and now the machines are getting old and there is no federal dollars to replace them, and then by the way, budgets are being cut, its going from the federal to the state to the local, and so we had we had an announcement where the county that was cnn said it could be the most important counties in ohio but if the r word, just laid off a third of their work force. And now the media to come back and replace those folks with temporary workers on the road, but its talent and training and all of those things that we continue to go on the cheap. We cannot run a worldclass election system on the cheap. Its just not possible. You can guess the system to do more and more and more and has fewer resources, older equipment and less trained people. That isnt going to work. The shiny object and the political pundits have an easy time talking about them because it is boring and it is highly technical. But these are the things that matter when you are actually administering the election to the let me followup and i think this follows on your point something you mentioned in your presentation i think for the first time your office sent out absentee ballot applications to every voter in ohio. Was the thinking behind that and what was your bad experience . The thinking behind it was very simple but we didnt want to have the lines on election days of the more people to vote early there is less chance there were when the lines on election day to buy like in the system to a highway. You have in the morning you are going to have a traffic jam and the evening he will have a traffic jam if that is when everybody comes to the vote. So you either build more liens or more highways, and for us we try to expand people to vote during a longer period of time, both from home. That creates, that lessens the chance for lying at the polling locations, standing in line in ohio was an option because you could have voted for home, you didnt need to come anywhere to vote. But even after all of that, in that first morning from the time the polls open until 9 00 there were lines in certain places because that is what people that is when people wanted to vote. But we have been trying to push people to early vote in president ial elections especially because thats when you run the potential for long lines in the polls say you can get by with a number of locations if you have more people voting early does voting by mail give rise is very different kind of i. T. Requirement . Its the same process of voting by mail as it would be voting in person but in the world of no good deed goes unpunished there were people that were saying now everyone can have an absentee ballot with they dont turn it and we will have more provisional ballots on election day. You know, again, coming out of the category of just trying to find a problem that wouldnt exist that wouldnt exist because we ended up having fewer provisional ballots than we did four years from now. What do you guys think lets go down the room would you think about the idea . What should an acceptable i. D. Bea assuming that you think any his necessary. It would be a big picture without being specific which is what we are good at. I think the good i. D. Would be what a reasonable business person would accept as an i. T. To do business with somebody. If you actually, you know, wanted to conduct a business transaction with somebody but he wanted to make sure the person that you are conducting the transaction with was who they said they were what would you require of them . And this kind of the way that i would look at it. What a reasonably prudent business person wants to do business. And what would you like to see . That is a question i wont answer. [laughter] i dont know, a credit card. I mean, i can point of a lot of things from my wall let and wouldnt somebody accept that who wanted to do business with me . Mabey a credit card is enough, maybe an atm card is enough. Now that we have established a generality do you have thoughts about this . I will tell you what i proposed in ohio is essentially that look, i dont want to complicate things we have a process that is already in place that allows you to vote without a photo id by mail or in person early. And so we have taken care of the first 34 days. We are down to one. We are down to the election day so what would be acceptable than . What i said is that you can simplify it and use a fogle id whenever they can agree upon. Or your name, address, date of birth and a loss for digits of your Social Security number and your signature which would prohibit, which would answer the question of suppression, disenfranchisement because everybody can vote under that scenario and that will allow us to cast a ballot without worrying if they forgot their ied, i. D. , if they didnt have a drivers license, the for example you want to use, that will allow everybody to cast the ballot without being denied the opportunity to do so. But again, i will come back and say that what ever you can get an agreement on within your state is the most important because it is a controversy and you dont want, and you need to have Reasonable Voice is trying to sort those issues out. Well, what i presented with what we do obviously has worked because you are showing some form of identification whether you are registering in person where with catwalks so, said that has been quite sufficient. As you can see its interesting and im sure that john and i will talk offline about this because my question of the Chemical Protection if you dont have to have a variety when you go on the election day that will question. You could have either option. [laughter] when we talk about what other aspects and i am the type of person and you look at some of the initiatives that we have to look to try to find a solution and has this been a question and must virginia with a stamp duty for some thoughts that john has as a process everybody looks and agrees on i think that this process that we have in West Virginia works now there will be some as my opponent countered and there were others in the legislature that would counter, and you are going to see various ideas come to play, and i have even said this, too, i dont stand so strong and hard, but as long as someone is not disenfranchised, as long as there is not any cost to it or arbitrary barriers or unrealistic regulations put on at then you can have these requirements. How can you get to that . I think that the polling books might be an option with a bout with keeping someones identification with their photo identification with them that has been fought that minnesota before their vote in the recent constitutional amendment took place i know that my friend i just saw he was considering this, too and this is what ive been talking about in West Virginia some of our vendors can you offer these electronic pull books that are going to be able to store the photo or take a picture this a trend that someone doesnt have to go and pay even 5 for a photo i. D. You think 5 for photo i. D. But its the 10 gasoline money to run here and then a cure to get the of your idea and so right now what i show is working in West Virginia and if they are questioned thats why its a Bigger Picture its not a panacea that a photo i. D. Will solve all problems. We have to pay the person we have to pay the defense on all of this on every different aspect and we have to stay vigilant with whatever Voting System we are using and what ever requirement we have. Its a very interesting idea. What do you think . I didnt answer the question before and im still a lot i want to say this, you are asking connect you are asking the right question i think because [laughter] thank you, professor. A lot of the the data over the photo i. D. Has been and on and off switch. I think maybe the conversation will move in the next few years to the best practices scenario we need to show a photo i. D. For the bout. Florida however as a signature matched with their poll workers. What is the best way of achieving the results and they will move in that direction over the next few years rather than this sort of yes and no attention that weve got. And to that point not all of the laws are the same, there are some strict photo laws the recalled photo laws the you dont need to cast a ballot under them, and a lot of them i heard a lot of people say look, the democrats in this state passed a photo i. D. Law why dont we do that . Whats not released well, it is more of a photo i. D. Light. And the details matter in this about what it looks like before we get caught up because youre right photo i. D. Law, no photo i. D. Law. Islamic the question you should be asking the question you should be asking too as we have a solution to something that we have a problem to go with this solution. Statistics will say we dont have the problem for some solutions we think we have. Estimate is close to the consensus of the in person voter fraud by in person nation may be a problem that doesnt exist but let me have the audience ask some questions and there are microphones if you wouldnt mind coming up. Sure. Theres a lot of debate but not fax of the impact. Im sorry to interrupt you but we dont have a lot of time so lets keep the questions nice and clich. Theres a lot of debate but not the fact of the impact of the photo i. D. But about having the 29 registration date deadline. Do we think technology is changed enough and practices have changed enough that we can get rid of that 29 day deadline because the bus stop a lot of people from the belt. [laughter] you are doing as good a job as i was. [laughter] i agree. I want to talk to the Election Administrators and how they are doing this because we still have to deal with paper. But i thought that as some point the registration requirement would be declared unconstitutional. Its not going to happen tomorrow but may be ten or 15 years from now it may be because we will be able to do the same day registration for everybody everywhere. Look, we have the same day registration and ohio for five days of our early voting period. And there are examples of people who are registering. Its currently being investigated and addresses that are in the vacant homes and they are registering their and their voting and having their ballots counted. I think that when you get into the same day registration in the voting i can tell you in a swing state that it is highly competitive that that is a place that you will run into fraud. We are already running into it, and it is a problem. 21 days out the clerks will tell you that the need that amount of time. The ongoing debate putative we catch it because it is 35 days before the election but if you do it on election day did you have a problem because you are going to hold up the result as we are going to collect and check against all of those issues because they are legitimate problems and maybe 30 days is too long but i dont see deutsch and rett on election day without some chance to back up and take a look at those before election day. Use of this question is for you. Im part of that team that suit you in ohio. [laughter] finally facetoface putative [laughter] i agree that the details are what matter on this. So i just a question for you. Why in your socalled balanced deal did you try to eliminate the 35 days that you now herald, and why did you go so far as to try to end the last days of the early voting as you can get all the way to the Supreme Court . First of all i do not herald the 35 days. Thats what it is. I think that the period shorter than 30 days and you dont register and vote on the same day would be a good reform in ohio. I dont know the difference between 20 to 35 days should cause anybody problems. I think my condition on that proposal was 28 days that we would have an early voting. The last three days was a bipartisan recommendation that came from a Bipartisan Group of Election Officials that said if we are going to have all of this early voting, we are going to have millions of ballots in the process of being sent and returned, we need some time to make to synchronize the voting rules, so we know who voted and who didnt on election day. Whether that needs to be three days or not, probably doesnt need to be that long, but thats what they asked for and thats what the legislature voted for in their bill. And they voted unanimously on a bipartisan process. I just have to defend the law that they passed. By the end of the election process, you know, whatever. [laughter] i just want to run an election, you tell me what the rules are and lets not fight about of rules all the way until the election. Yes, sir. A lot of fighting through florida by the way. Question that i have for ohio and West Virginia do you have the real i. D. In your state . Yes, in West Virginia we are the first states to start implementing that. Florida is a real i. D. Stadium for those of you that dont have real i. D. That cant be fun particularly on the female voters when they get a drivers license you have to show with your cord record and showing if your name was changed before marriage that is required under real i. D. Men have no such problem. The issue is this issue of maybe samesex marriage will change that. [laughter] what is the model law if we can arrive at that because florida has no match, no vote at the front end. You are not eligible to be registered unless you are Voter Registration database and if you match up with the department of corrections and you are not a felon coming to match up with the highway safety, you have a valid drivers license that matches and weaker lottery corporate the last four digits of your Social Security number and