Boundaries of a town and presented it to the Territorial Legislature and said that this is a band we really had to convince a lot of people and so i think that that has a lot to do with how with how madison grew and there were other places in the state that have more People Living in them, larger industries, so the processor actually selecting a state or territorial capital is really just about convincing other legislators. Put forth a good case as white as should be the center of the government and at the time a major center of population in wisconsin was in the southwest part of the state where people were doing lead mining. So some people have suggested that that is where the capital should be because that is where the people are. And there are also quite a number of people in the green bay area, a lot of for traders along the great lakes and so, there was a heavy concentration of people there as well. In one of his arguments was that madison was centrally located and it will be easy for people all over the territory to get there if they need to be in touch with the government. And so really its that the marketing job is selected as a territorial capital. And so he went to present his idea that madison could be the capital of worse it wasnt the only one competing to be the capital this territory and they met in the southwest part of the state and he was a little bit manipulative. Honestly he has a financial stake and he named it after the president , james madison, who had just died and he was trying to play on national sympathies. And he also named this and so he brings it over to this territorial legislator is needed and there are 19 other cities competing to be the capital. And so basically he starts to bite people. But the building that they were meeting and was a little bit chilly. You find lots of people complaining about the poor quality of the building and how cool they are. So he knows this as well as a bunch of buffalo robes that he starts to hand out to the territorial legislators, saying would you like to hear about my city . Are you cold . Here is a buffalo robe. And then he starts offering to sell the legislators when for a discounted price. And so it does go through quite a number of votes until hes actually successful. So this carries a lot of weight because he had been in wisconsin for quite some time. He was probably the only person who had been to all of the cities that were under consideration. He had come to wisconsin in the 1820s and he was a very prominent figure here. So people were bound to listen to him and they did end up after many votes selecting madison as the capital and surprisingly he made a mint off of that position. So by the early 1840s they were experiencing a lot of immigration and as well as people from new york and new england, those are kind of the two main immigrant streams. By 1840 wisconsin has enough people to allah five for statehood utilizing 16,000 people. In wisconsin has way more than that. So there were various groups that were trying to push forward to wisconsin toward statehood and there were differing Political Parties and so it took a while to get to the point without drafting a state constitution. So the democrats go to work trying to write this state constitution. They think it is going to be an easy endeavor. Just a point where we can consider this took so long and no one thought that the constitution would be problematic. But it turns out that the constitution that they wrote was a little bit too radical for the people that were living here at the time and they had such controversial things as allowing africanamericans to vote. And they also outlawed all banks. People were very distrustful of banks at the time. So they thought by outlawing the banks that they wouldnt have to worry about fraudulent activity among banking employees. Then another controversial measure is that they allowed married women to own property. Pretty much every other state, a married woman owns property. These are radical provisions were included in the 1846 draft constitution. There was debate all over the state about how they were going to move forward and could they stand for this. It was eventually overturned and we just couldnt agree on this radical constitution. So we send the legislators back to the drawing board and a drop in new constitution that was finally approved and got rid of those measures that were in the original constitution. That one was finally passed so that they could become a state in may of 1848. By the time we get to the early 20 century, theres a man who is a Landscape Architect and city planner, who are came up with a plan for mattis and and he kind of delivers this shocking message to the residents of the city and he says that addison has the potential to become a worldclass city and he called it a model city. And hes not unsparing in his criticism of the city. But he also sees and presents specific plans for what the city can do to become like paris and new york and other places. I think for the first time people were reminded that they had the potential and that someone from the outside saw them as this fantastic place public possibilities. So that is where the subtitle comes from, that john no one called it a model city. A lot of the things that he had set out four to decades to develop. Some had never come to fruition. But in a lot of ways, the things that he suggested came through throughout the 20th century. And i think that that helps madison build the confidence. One of the things he he suggested in his plan for the city is that there should be an arboretum. And he thought there should be more green space in the city. And he thought that there needed to be a close pedestrian mall where people needed to gather together. It was actually open to traffic and they really thought the capital dome is the centerpiece of the community. And thats really something that is also helpful and has been ever since then. He proposed several parts. And one of the things that is fascinating is we are completely surrounded by water. But up until recently it was hard to enjoy it. And so that is something that is definitely becoming much more important to the city ever since then. Next on booktv, president george w. Bush discusses his biography of his father, president george h. W. Bush with andy card who served as white house chief of staff for president bush 43 and secretary of transportation for president bush 41. This is about 50 minutes. [applause] today is a very special day in the life of the george bush president ial library foundation. It is special because we gather for the National Book launch of 41 a portrait of my father, fittingly on veterans day. Today we have both the author and subject, son and father, the 43rd and the 41st president s of the United States here at the bush library center. This morning will consist of a moderated discussion about 41. Our moderator served as deputy chief of staff to the 41st president and later as the 11th United States secretary of transportation. He also served as chief of staff to the 43rd president of the United States, and most recently as acting dean of the George Bush School of government and Public Service here at texas a m university. Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome the honorable andrew card. Andy . [applause] thank you. [applause] ladies and gentlemen, the 46th governor of the state of texas and the 43rd president of the United States, the honorable george w. Bush. [applause] thank you all. [applause] mother [laughter] thanks, mother and dad, for being here. Thank you all for coming today for this distinguished author series. [laughter] i dont qualify. [laughter] [applause] anyway, i have written a book, kind of a surprise to people in parts of our country that i can write, much less read. [laughter] but i thank you for your interest. I will just tell you right up front that this is a love story. Its not an objective analysis of president bush. This is a story about an extraordinary man who, in my judgment, is the finest oneterm president our countrys ever had. And [applause] anyway, my old pal, andy card, is going to ask some, im sure, difficult questions. [laughter] and im thrilled to be here. Proud to be here with fred and, ryan, thank you very much for serving. I see we have some ambassadors here. Thank you all for being here, and thank you for serving our country as well. Mr. President , it is a thrill to have you on the campus of texas a m, and the bush school, the bush library, the bush museum, this is all exciting for us because, believe it or not, weve got tremendous pride in you and your dad and your entire family. And this book that you wrote is, its more than a love story. Its actually a story written about how to fall in love. Not only with people, but with Public Service. And the bush school, which is the greatest legacy that your dad has left for the future, is actually a place where the invitation to be a noble Public Servant is offered, trained and performed. And so its great to have you on the campus of texas a m at the bush school. But why did you write this book when you did . Uh, well, i wrote it when i did because i wanted dad to be alive. [laughter] to be able to see how much not only i care for him, but a lot of people care for him. Secondly, his presidency in many ways was overshadowed by his predecessor, and thats understandable. People are beginning to reassess the presidency of 41, and i wanted to be a part of that process. And i wanted him to know that the process was going to take place. This guy was a great president. And since the beginning of people understanding that, i wrote it because David Mcculloughs daughter planted the seed. She told me one time at the ranch, you know, i wish my dad always wished he could have read a book by john q. Adams about his father, john adams. I said, i can do that. [laughter] and so thats why i wrote it. And thank you very much for your interest in it. Its a pretty good read. Weve got a big print version for some of you. [laughter] its funny you should mention john adams, john quincy adams. Your dad was actually born in massachusetts yeah. On adams street. On adams street. Interesting. Named for both of the adamss. Yeah. And your grandfather had a tremendous influence on your dad that ended up being an influence on you. Correct. So could you tell me what you think the legacy of love gave to your dad that allowed you to get the legacy of love that made concern. Well, its that Public Service matters, that were blessed to be americans and that part of that blessing requires us to serve others. A real lesson. Plus, if youre a lousy golfer, play fast. [laughter] he was a great gopher. Golfer. Dad was a good golfer. Im not a good golfer. Anyway, prescott bush, very successful wall street guy, ends up being the town moderator in greenwich, connecticut. So a lot of his buddies were probably drinking martinis and playing gin at the country club, hes working on behalf of others. And im confident that set a profound example for dad. And is his service set an and his service set an example for his children, of which i was one. It was funny, i remember when your dad was first running for president in 1979, he held a press conference right around when he announced his candidacy, and it was in boston. I remember a reporter saying why were you born in milton, massachusetts . [laughter] and i was impressed with his response. He said, i wanted to be close to my mother. Yeah. [laughter] thats kind of funny, because when i was running for governor, i kept asking mother how come i was born in connecticut. [laughter] but in this book youve written about the phenomenally close relationship that your dad had with his mother. Yeah. Very close. And, you know, i tell excuse me, i tell the story about, so she passed away right after the 92 election which had to have made the 92 Election Results even tougher. And dad and daro, my sister, go to see ganny thats what we called her and they opened up a bible. He was actually reading a bible verse to her. And out spilled these letters that he had written to her from the war zone. And they were very close. And shes an angelic person. Very competitive, needless to say. Kind of a, runs heavily in our gene pool, competition. [laughter] but, yeah, shes a sweet, sweet lady. And, you know, i was fortunate to get to know her and, of course, dad was really fortunate to be raised by her. Well, and you were fortunate to be raised by as well by mother . Well, you dont know, andy, youre stretching it there a little bit. [laughter] you know, i used to say in these campaigns i had my daddys eyes and my mothers mouth, and youre learning why i said that. [laughter] but i was touched early in the book, you describe how your dad wrote a letter to his girlfriend, and he said i want you to, basically, be the mother of my children yeah. And what wonderful children they produced. Well, im glad. [laughter] no, thats right. Dad, theres letters that dad has written scattered throughout the book. Hes a great letter writer. And it seems to be a lost art, so maybe one of the things this book will do is remind people of how important writing letters are. But its and so scattered throughout the book is a series of letters, some of which he wrote mom, some of which he wrote to all of us, some of which he wrote me when i was president. And it marrieded. Andy was there it mattered. Andy was there, it mattered to be able to get these notes from dad or phone calls from dad because in that he was president , he knew what the pressures of the job were like, and he knew moments can be, you know, very trying. And to have him interject some humor and or a love note really made a huge difference during my presidency. You know, look, i recognize theres a lot of psychobabble about our relationship, and thats not exactly our long suit here in this family, but anyway, its there was, people dont, cant possibly comprehend. And hopefully this book, one reason ive written it is to help people understand better. When you admire somebody as much as people admire george h. W. Bush and he offers help or comfort, it means more than any advice he can possibly give. Ive been asked about, obviously, during my postpresidency and during the presidency, are you calling him for advice . And in the book i make it clear that, you know, not really. And it shocks people to hear that. And one reason why is had i said, help, i need your advice, he would have said, send your briefers. This is a man who had made president ial decisions. He knows you dont make president ial decisions off the cuff. As andy will testify, we got plenty of opinions off the cuff. [laughter] you want to listen to people who know what the hell theyre talking about, like ryan crocker, for example. And when youre president , youve got enormous resources at your disposal that will help you make informed decision. Well, george h. W. Bush knew that better than anybody, so his great contributions to my presidency was the comfort he provided. And by the way, i had to comfort him at times, because our roles got reversed. I was miserable at times when he was president and didnt handle it very well. And mother used to call me and say you need to call your dad. And id say president at this point why . Because he just read some editorial, and hes upset. And so id call him, can you believe what they said about you . Id say, dad, dont worry about it, im doing fine. So our roles got reversed in kind of a unique way, and this book, i think, will bring the life of the presidency from a father and son perspective to you in a story that only one person can tell. This book is a biography of your dad yeah. A little bit of a biography of your mother. Its an autobowg my of you autobiography of you, but its also a unique story about how to carry burdens, how to deal with failure, how to be humble in success. And your participants had a lot parents had a lot of failure, they had a lot of struggle. Yeah, they did. And that had an impact on you growing up, losing a sister yeah. Being involved in the challenges of moving and different jobs and whatever. Can you talk about some of that aspect in the book that you well, so heres a guy who runs for senator of texas twice and loses and runs for president of the United States in a primary against Ronald Reagan in the state of texas and loses. Ends up being president. And all the time was still a great father. In other words, defeat didnt define george bush. Theres something greater in life than, you know, chalking up political victories or political losses. It taught me, and im confident it taught jeb, that, you know, you dont need to fear failure. If you fear failure, you know, itll cause you to make decisions that, you know, probably prevent you from living life to the fullest. But george bush is a great risk taker. I mean, running for the senate in 64 was risky. Nobody even heard of the guy, you know . Hes coming out of houston, running against ralph yarborough. Theres a lot of races you cant win. Its kind of like golf, if you dont get enough strokes, you cant win on the first tee. He couldnt win that race in retrospect. Goldwater landslide, the johnson landslide against gold wader made it impossible to win, but nevertheless, he ran. Heres the thing that fascinates me about dad a lot of things fascinate me about him, but catch this. So he is all world at yale. Fy beta cap Phi Beta Kappa in two years. That part of the gene pool got diluted. [laughter] hes a the captain of the yale baseball team, they came in second in the nation. Hes married with a kid, hes, you know, bigtime on campus. His fathers wall street, his grandfathers wall street, and everybody says, wall street. And he moves to odessa. [laughter] its an extraordinary person to make that kind of decision. By the way, its an extraordinary woman to have said, im with you. [applause] so as i say in the book, we get out there, and dad finds us a place to live. And its a duplex. [laughter] on seventh street with one of the few indoor bathrooms on the street. A bathroom we shared with two ladies of the night. [laughter] so much for the silver spoon stuff. [laughter] see, what happens is people develop myths about you in public life and, you know, im sure theres people that have an image of dad that is not even close to reality. This book will help people understand what hes like. And is it objective . Not at all, no. Not even [laughter] not even close. [laughter] well, there is a pretty objective part about little toy soldiers. Tell us about the toy soldiers. Well, throughout the book i try to explain how he disciplined me. And by the way, contrast with mother. One time she caught me urinating in the hedges and washed my mouth out with soap. [laughter] dad, on the other hand, im p