Began nation to nation relations and mutual trade treaty. About a year ago, i had once invited to gentlemen with the names of mr. Dan lytton and peter underwood. They were the descendents of those who founded the University Medical center. These american missionaries came in the late 19 century and founded hospitals and schools. They did many work for the people. In 1945, after the u. S. Rose the tories from the pacific war, korea was liberated from japans colonial rule. However, the disarmament of japanese troops north of 38th parallel was hindered by soviet union. As the soviet union forces occupy the north, the peninsula became divided and suffered structural problems. After our liberation, the United States, who is in charge of militarization for south korea, withdrew their forces before june 29, 1949, as the republic of korea government was established in 1948. They left only 479 members at the Korean Military advisory group. Also, january 1, 1950, the secretary of state, mr. Dean acheson, excluded korea from your specific development line. Because of these, [inaudible] all those series of unfortunate events cost the peninsula divide in the korean war occurred. The u. S. Swift intervened to rescue south korea. The communist invasion, the u. N. Forces advanced all the way, but the Chinese Communist forces advanced and the peninsula was not able to be survive. They to achieve half the victory entry rss. After the armistice, the two countries signed a mutual defense treaty october 1, 1953, and officially launched the alliances. After the korean war, relies was very successful. As ive mentioned already, there has been small and large north korea provocations by the alliance has been successfully deterring all out world with north korea. Boosted by the rok combined event, the republic of grid was able to achieve tremendous Economic Growth and establish a democratic society. The alliance worked just onesided. The rok also provide assistance as an ally in vietnam, afghanistan, and iraq. Rok naval ships are conducting calendar pirate operations. I, myself, also had a personal experience to flight alongside u. S. Forces as a Multinational Division commander during the Operation Enduring freedom in iraq from 20052006. To this day, the alliance has successfully deterred north korean threats and contributes towards peace. Roughly, 7. 5000 servicemembers separated from their families, and under the command of the general. They also contribute to the security of northeast asia. Rok and u. S. Forces continue to develop to respond to the north korean threat and allout war, and through regular combined exercises. In order to respond to north korean provocations, the two ministers signed the joint plan. In addition to these we continue to develop plans to respond against a variety of contingencies and master them. I believe that the rok gnus alliance possesses the capability, commitment and to respond to any threats by north korea. The rok and u. S. Alliance is beneficial not just for the rok. The rok forces have never fired against the u. S. Forces. Instead we have been fighting together in the spirit of a life. The rok government has been supporting the u. S. Of case case since 1991 according to the special measurement a grant. And providing more and more support each year. The rok government is providing budgetary support for the Land Partnership plan between u. S. Bases all over korea into several hub bases. Were also supporting the relocation plan that relocates the combined forces in order to ensure stable conditions for the usf k. Also the rok is providing the United States is our rok soul seoul and beneficial allies. At the same time i believe the republic of korea is the u. S. Is allied solution. In northeast asia, the use has over 600,000 rok servicemembers who are on the frontline of democratic. There is no other country in the region that can be more beneficial to the u. S. And the rok. The rok and u. S. Allies have been successful but i believe there are some areas in which we can improve upon. The first area is to improve our capabilities of the alliance. The rock armed forces to facilitate projects continuously to a higher strike capabili capability, isr capabilities enabling warfare in the future. As the north Korean Missile and Nuclear Threat continues to rise we must prioritize the position of korea antimissile Defense System to neutralize north koreas systems before the launch. The u. S. Fta should also steadily maintain usfk, stationed in korea and maintain most modernized. The u. S. Should provide sufficient bridging capability that includes information capabilities like isr for the rok forces. Second, alliance must display the robustness of the alliance and reaffirm our commitment to utilize our capability. When president obama visited korea last month, i believe that the two president s visit to the combined forces command proved to be an effective deterrence against north korea provocations. As you know, north korea has been threatening to blow the big one painting at a nuclear test but hasnt done so far. I believe that this is because the two president s displayed the robust our lives. The combined exercise by rok and u. S. Alike has been greatly contributing to the transfer north korea prof edition. In addition, the north korean threat was being tightened even a brief deployment of a hide effectively deterred north korean provocation. There will be a time in the future when we must display our commitment again and utilize our allied capability. 30, the rok and u. S. Forces must maintain posture. Although we have the capability and commitment come if we do not possess the appropriate posture to utilize this capability, in a continent, we cannot defeat the north korean provocation but it is important to have posture against north korea, Korea Nuclear test. Especially now when the threat is ever increasing. We must have a more detailed plan for extended deterrence and maintain the posture to execute it by conducting regular exercises. Only then, only in this case we can effectively dissuade the north korean Nuclear Threat. Fourth, combined forces are very important. As agreed by the rok and u. S. President , the transfer will take place with the condition. Many people have great in the timing of the transfer. However, what more important than the time of transfer is what sort of system can be established that will allow the rok and u. S. Combined forces to swiftly and effectively fight under a single plant and under a single command. The fifth requirement is that the rok and u. S. Allies must coordinate to rule of china to effectively manage the north korean threat. China often denies its influence over north korea. However, china has decisive influence over north korea. Thats what i believe. Over 80 of north korea in a trade is conducted with china, and almost 100 of oil entering into north korea is from china. Without chinas support, the north korean regime cannot survive. The rok and u. S. Allies must work to convince and apply pressure for china along with the International Securities to china put a more positive role in a proactive manner to make north korea see these provocations. So rok and u. S. Alliance began as a military alliance but now we have advanced to a more comprehensive strategical allies. The rok and u. S. Alliance is stronger than ever and has been more successful alliance in the world. A great achievement will further the strength of the alliance and develop it into an even more successful one. Thank you for your attention. [applause] thanks, general. Now, the floor is open. But before we go any further, larry. At me just ask let me just ask general jung to questions. About future changes in the military situation affecting korea. One, that you mentioned, is japan moving towards a policy of collective selfdefense . Now, japanese officials explain this as a policy that would enable japan to render much more direct military support to the United States in various types of military contingencies in the east Asia Western Pacific region. South korean officials have consistently expressed misgivings about japan adopting any such policy. And have specifically stated that any new policies of japan under collective selfdefense should not be applied to any military contingencies on the Korean Peninsula. Given the potential areas of increased japanese support for u. S. Military operations, military operations emanating from u. S. Bases in japan, do you see any benefits that increased japanese support of the u. S. Military operations could have in terms of enhancing u. S. Military capabilities as applied to the Korean Peninsula from u. S. Bases in japan . Now, my second question has to do with russia, and i think it stems from your comments about russia seeking to expand its influence, not only in europe, but globally. We saw a graphic example of that just in the last two days with the news coming out of shanghai of this big chineserussian natural gas deal, and xi jinpings speech proposing a continental Security Alliance involving, among other countries, china, russia, and iran. I would note that president rouhani of iran attended the shanghai conference. This got very little news coverage, but i think that is significant in and of itself. Since the collapse of the soviet union, we know that every time there is a high level meeting between russian and north korean officials, north korea presents an extensive Shopping List of modern weapons that north korea would like to purchase from russia, especially modern tanks and modern fighter military aircraft. Now, you mentioned in your remarks that north korea, in these areas of weaponry, basically is out of date in terms of the types of weapons that it has currently. I didnt go russia since 1991 consistently has said no when north korea has presented this list. Of weapons it would like to acquire from russia. Recently, however, president putin has canceled 90 of north koreas debt to russia that was accumulated during the soviet period. This potentially would open the way for north korea to purchase these kinds of weapons from russia if president putin should change the traditional no reply of russia to a yes reply your if president putin should do this in order to cause a lot more military problems for the United States, what kind of impact could a supply of more modern russian weapons have on the military ballots in the Korean Peninsula . Thank you, larry. Check. Please push the button. It is on. Is that okay . Okay. [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] thank you for your good question, especially in slow and clear english. And thank you for your good translation. To your first question about japan, i understand that japan is now pursuing some amendment in constitution, or the translation of constitution. And i also understand that the u. S. Welcome japanese increased role in the Regional Security. Personally, i support the close relationship between u. S. And japan, and the close cooperation, especially on the military side, close cooperati cooperation. But what we have as a concern is we do not support the japanese, japan become a strong military. Its less than a century, japan tried to conquer the region. We have a very bad history. So if japan wanted to do something it must be very, must be made in kind of open way. It must be transparent. So thats what i think. You know, japanese support is even very important to the military operation of United States, even in korea. I understand that. I once visited some you in bases in japan to understand those kind of support is very important to the u. S. Military operations. So i hope the u. S. And japan maintain the very close to operation relationship. But these days i will that the general cover the very good topic the next hour. The u. S. Like to have a trilateral cooperation. To make it happen i believe japan should be changing. For example, look at the history. Japan still deny the pact, mutual in history, mutual in the past. So the examples are sex slavery or the are many bad behaviors. There were many bad behaviors, but they denied them. So with the improvement in their historical understanding, and some official expression, those cooperation can be achieved in the future. Second on russia. I understand as i said in my speech, there are some possibilities that the cooperation between russia and china may increase. And as russia influential, especially in east asian area, the russia, russia made shared interest to north korea. So they like to support north korea more than what they did in the past. Even north korea, they like to have what call can you understand . They can set their true foot on one, one foot on russia and one foot on china. Then with the situation, situation changes, they can select one. So in that case, russia may support more military support to north korea than before. Thats what i believe. Thank you. Thank you, dr. King. Thank you, general jung, for your great remarks. I think it is the remarks that you made about the allies are very, very important. And theres nothing that you said that i could possibly disagree with. It is good to hear particularly on capitol hill and in america for you to outline how strong and important the allies is. I dont think we can emphasize that enough, so i thank you very much for that. There are many issues that i think we could discuss, but i will come to one question. I would just like to mention, i think readiness is important to i think the command structures are important. I think the conditions based for transfer is very important. I do wonder, you know, what is a better command structure than the combined forces command. My opinion is i dont think theres any better structured than the combined forces command. So my personal opinion, i would like to see that remain and evolves to the next level. But my real question is something that you didnt talk about and something that if it is very important. And that goes to president parks recent speech and the dresden initiative. I am of the belief that we will never be able to solve the north Korean Nuclear problem and the north korean human rights atrocities that are being committed every day until there is a unified Korean Peninsula. And i think that president Parks Initiative is very, very important and that it is time to really focus on unification. And so i ask you as a former military leader, a military expert, if you were to advise the United States, in other states military, how would you envision the United States military supporting korea in unification . And so that would if you could give us some remarks on how you would think that the u. S. Could best support the unification effort, i think that would be very helpful to us. Thank you. Thanks. [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] [speaking in native tongue] thank you. I believe that the combined forces command is the most effective way to give command control for the combined forces, and actually i served in combined forces twice and i realized that the Current System is very good. So even after the wartime option is transferred, the whole wartime option for the Korean Forces are transferred to the rok side, the importance is we should have a single command like current [inaudible] make the future command structure, we should have single plan under single command. Thats just the defense post. Thats what i believe. Second, what you can do for reunification of korea, thanks for the question. You know, the stability in northeast asia can be achieved only when korea is unified. Thats what i think. Saw help the United States officially come officially spells that it supports the unification. But the neighboring countries like china or japan may have different understanding about it. Japan United States should explain them, how beneficial the unification is for the Regional Security. And on other doctor we should think, we should present present intervention of third countries. If china or russia intervenes in the process of reunification, it is, i dont believe it is the end of problem, but it is another beginning of problem, thats what i think it is. So we should urge the neighboring countries to support the reunification of korea and not to intervene the unification process. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you, dr. Kim, for the invitation from and thank you, general, for the very apprehensive remarks. This question is probably a variation of the ones that they just asked about unification. You mention in your remarks the incredible leverage that china has economically over korea. And you gave some very impressive statistics about how totally depended north korea really is on china. And yet you also said that china has refused to exert that pressure against north korea, visavis the nuclear and Missile Programs. Because it fears a collapse of the north korean regime, and supposedly and exodus of massive numbers of refugees across the border. That also is the view that is expressed by many in this country from Henry Kissinger on down, the socalled realist view of the events there. That we should be understanding of chinas position because its concerned with this impact. But my question is how realistic is that . Is a really viable to argue that if China Threatens north korea with economic sanctions if it does not cut back its nuclear and Missile Program that north korea will commit regime suicide . It seems to me china has never actually tried to employ t