Vibrant, where the Public Media Service which would now be along the public media, it wasnt sustainable. We appeared before congress and have this report if any of you are members, we are happy to provide it. It really put to us the idea that public media could exist without the federal appropriation and change the nature of this service to americans. Host can people find a report you and your web site . Guest yes. Host cpb. Org. Guest alternative funding is a longer title. Host jack from manchester, republican. Guest . Caller eric cantor resist saying what i heard miss harrison said, pbs is the second most trusted institutions second only to the military. The question that leave to my mind is why do we trust the military. Guest that is another show. Caller let me get to my point. We keep hearing television, commercial television referred to the vast wasteland as it was put in 1961. My memory goes back because i am old, prior to that, and i remember some really good Quality Television that was on and sometimes called the golden age of television. Playhouse 90. I remember my mother sitting with rapt attention listening to Classical Music on the voice of firestone on commercial television. The idea that commercial television is inherently incapable of giving us Quality Television is not true and that the same time when i turn on pbs these days, and i find Lawrence Welk and retro rockandroll shows which are good entertainment but kind of apart from the mission of Public Television and i wonder why you cant give us more Live Entertainment like they used do with playhouse 90 and so forth or variety shows like home companion on National Public radio. One more point, you mentioned downtown abbey and masterpiece theater, those are english productions. Why cant we have more american productions on national Public Television . Guest i love this call because i agree with everything. I cant speak for pbs but they are looking to announce pieces something more american focus. As popular as downtown abbey is and people absolutely love it, i receive phone calls when one of the characters was killed prematurely why i had killed him off. You are absolutely right, there was the golden age of television but what happened is it became more and more expensive to really attract viewers, long form dramas, playhouse 90 was wonderful and i have a lot of commercial television in my life. The problem is they are driven by the bottom line. Ken burns, if you are watching the civil war, you dont want it interrupted for a commercial. This is an oasis. And the question of should we have commercial television . I have great admiration for the head of the National Association of broadcasters and when commercial television does, but the fact is we have cable and cable costs money and a lot of wonderful dramas today, i love mad men, you have to pay for a new pay a lot. We are an oasis of people who cant pay and even for those who can, they pay taxpayer dollars, they choose to watch Public Television. I agree with you. More drama and more live events. Let me Say Something about the late Lawrence Welk. These are pledge programs and we got a lot of pledge programs. Host explain for people, the corporation for public broadcasting, what it is separate from pbs and npr. Just to make the distinction clear. Guest we are the steward of the appropriation. Our job is to get this money in an appropriate way, to stations, filmmakers and then we step back. Host you are not involved in the content. Guest we are not but my personal opinion, i would like to see an american version host the president and ceo of the corporation for public broadcasting, patricia de stacy harrison, created november 7th, 1967, when president johnson signed into law the public broadcasting act, part of his vision for a socalled Great Society and that is our focus on washington journal this week. Looking at different pieces of legislation. In maryland, democratic column. Going ahead. Caller good morning. Thank you for taking my call. I love your show, cspan is great. I also love npr and pbs. I remember in 1983 when there was this raucous about trying to demolish pbs public broadcasting and at that time i wrote my congressman please dont try to get rid of public broadcasting. That is crazy, it is free information for everyone. It doesnt matter who you are, you get information about everything. I remember as a child watching the electric company. It would be a National Shame to alter president johnsons initiative to help broadcasting for everyone. That is one point. Keep up the good work. I am worried about listening lately and the Heritage Foundation wont get into that because i dont agree with them but everyone has to have their opinion. Host let me hear from greg in idaho, independent caller. Caller good morning, ladies. Thank you, cspan and pbs and npr not so much. I would have to say you pretty much summed it up in your Mission Statement very clearly when you talk with the 88yearold and wanted to talk to her all day because she agreed with you and i think that is what pbs, in pr are all about. I watch the news hour every evening after watching cspan all day and you guys put it in a format where there seems to be a debate but you always have new york times, washington post, nothing really central. It is all leftleaning and i would like to echo some of the other callers previously. Host have you ever gone to the corporation for public broadcastings web site . They do annual reports where they report to congress about studies they have done, the research they have done in to their content . The content of npr and pbs etc. Caller i havent. For years i was a contributor, a participating member and they have become so leftleaning it is very difficult and you should be a little bit more centrist the way you approach issues and even your commentators are pretty far left. Host what about this perception . Guest i tell you very seriously the reason i talking it is wonderful to hear that somebody is getting something of value and is making a difference in their life so that is a positive story. But equally i do respect these views and we worked very hard to ensure that no one group or ideology owns public media. I think within a day of listening there are things you like and things you dont like but we try for ultimate transparency and accuracy. Host what is next for the corporation for public broadcasting . How do you adapt to the new world, the new technology . Guest we have been focused on this for a while and i would like to say all of a sudden the audience they were not leaning back on the couch, they were going. So our investment has to be to keep up with the audience and make sure the content we have goes with them when they wanted and where they wanted and how they want it so that is a big focus, to keep us on this track. We created a strategic framework for cpb and how we look at what we are funding and we call it the digital diversity dialogue. Digital means innovation. Always being innovative. Diversity doesnt just referred to heritage or race. It refers to geographic diversity, points of view, age and dialogue is engaged in. More and more we are in the community. The community is our partner. They want to be served and because of the democratization of technology and the ability to really help the audience as our partner. In a way what is happening, we have come from broadcasting, pushing out and whether you like it or not, all of us in me the at have a very interesting, new partnership, collaboration with people who have been calling cspan who have informed opinions and really is a shape, they helped to shape how you go forward so it is an exciting time because of technology. Host president and ceo of the corporation for public broadcasting, we appreciate your time. Thank you very much. Live program to tell you about. Join us later for more from the Heritage Foundation, a multi Panel Discussion on the future of northeast asia, the Korean Ambassador to the United States is among the speakers live at 2 00 eastern on cspan. Here are some of the highlights for this weekend. Friday on cspan we visit important sites in the history of the civil rights movement. Saturday night at 8 00 highlights from the new York Ideas Forum including cancer biologist andrew has oil and on sunday q a with congressman Charlie Rangel at 8 00 p. M. Eastern. Friday night at 8 00 on cspan2, in depth with bright red religious scholar reza aslan. Retired neurosurgeon and columnist ben carson and sunday night at 11 00 p. M. Eastern, Lawrence Goldstone on the competition between the White Brothers and glenn curtis to be the predominant name in manned flight. American history tv on cspan2 on friday at 8 00 eastern, a look at hollywood portrayals slavery, saturday night at 8 00 on but anniversary of the battle of blade is forget the burning of washington and sunday night at 8 00 p. M. Chief of staff discuss how president s make decisions. Find our Television Schedule one week in advance in cspan. Org and let us know what you think of the programs you are watching. 2026263800 or email us at comments cspan. Org and join the cspan conversation, like us on facebook and follow us on twitter. At cspans latest book sundays at 8 00, collection of stories from the nations most influential people over the next 25 years. I always knew there was a risk in the bohemianoil and i decided to take it because whether it is an illusion or not, i dont think it is, it helped my concentration. It is boring to some extent. It would keep you awake and long conversations so that is the moment ended 5 was asked if i would do it again the answer is probably yes. I would have quit earlier hoping to get away for a golfing. Easy for me of course, it sounds irresponsible if i say i will do that again to you but the truth is it would be hypocritical of me to say no i never touch the stuff if i had known. The soviet union and the soviet system contain the seeds of its own destruction. Many problems we saw at the end begin at the beginning. I spoke already about the attempt, would control all parts of the economy and political life and social life. The problem is when you do that, try to control everything, you create opposition and potential dissidents everywhere. If you tell all artists they have to paint the same way and one artists as i dont want to paint that way, you made him into a political dissident, if you and to subsidize housing in this country and wants to talk about it and the populace agrees, something to subsidize, then put it on the balance sheet. And how much it is costing. When you deliver it through the spare party enterprises, we deliver subsidies through Public Company and private shareholders and executives who can extract a lot about subsidies for themselves, there were not a very good way of subsidizing homeownership. Christa regions and gretchen morganson are a few of the 41 engaging stories in cspan and sunday at 8 00. A look at the creation of medicare under Lyndon Johnson from todays washington journal. That is about 40 minutes. We are continuing the last hour of washington journal, Lyndon Johnsons vision for Great Society, and packing that vision bill by bill and we want to talk about medicare and medicaid. Joining us from new york this morning is that the 12, former administrator of the centers for medicare and Medicaid Services. It lets begin with what was going on in the 60s and even before that, that president johnson saw the need for medicare and medicaid. A lot of low income people and elderly, seniors with no Health Care Coverage, the primary outcry at the time was to cover seniors which medicare covers 55 million seniors and disabled people but that was the primary thing, medicaid was an afterthought that obviously medicaid is for low Income Health care generally and medicare is generally for seniors and disabled but the driving force was a lot of low income seniors with no Health Care Coverage. Reporter seniorss lives. Host according to pbs and aarp the medicare act of 1965 at that time, 20 of seniors had no Health Care Coverage in 1964. That year more than one in 3 americans over 65 are living in poverty and 19 millionplus americans when medicare officially began on july 1st, 1966. Was it a success . No question medicare had no impact on seniors and Social Security hasnt changed and i was involved much later in treating the Medicare Part b benefits but you can debate financing and who pays for it and how it gets covered and some people should be paying more or less but no doubt medicare has changed seniors lives and it has been a huge success but obviously medicare and medicaid together in the federal budget discussion. What is medicare . Guest medicare covers 55 million seniors and disabled. You have to be over 65 or on Social Security disability, 8 Million People have that and medicare essentials recovers significant deductible and copayments, generally going to the hospital because 1,200. If you go to a doctor you pay the first 150 and then some copayments. It is a fairly thorough Insurance Program that covers Seniors Health care. Ten years ago included the drug benefit, Medicare Part b and covers the bulk of Senior Health care costs. The average cost of senior pays 104 a month and taken generally just as automatically taken out. The average subsidy value is another 11,000. The benefit costs 12 to 13 a year per person and seeing is a 10 . It is highly subsidized and very effective plan to change seniors lives for the better. It is the Biggest Health care payers in the country, the average hospital gets 50 . They come from medicare. What about the portion for those with disabilities . In 1972, it was determined people with longterm disabilities, generally awaiting period once you are on Social Security and disability there is an exclusion for lou gehrigs disease or kidney dialysis for a short period, generally once you determine if you are under 65 you are fully disabled and gone medicare and 8 Million People, not yet 65 who are disabled and that medicare benefits. Obviously it recovered the same level as a senior. Host you said medicare was an afterthought during the debate in 60, 65, about creating medicare. Why do you say that and what did you say when they formed medicaid . At the time that medicare was passed medicare was the big debate and medicare is in my opinion kind of a sloppily thrown together Health Insurance plan. It was a compromise at the time to make it look somewhat like state blue cross plans a you had Medicare Part a and part d which doesnt look like a modern Insurance Program for the most part. Most people would agree with that but at the time the chairman of ways and Means Committee put this together and the dominant player in health care and tax policy was trying to find a way to keep hospitals have the and physicians have the and crafted to get a Medicare Part a and part b to keep in close to what they were getting at the time and end with medicare. That was most of the debate but at the same time he thought quickly there were a lot of lowincome people with no coverage, many millions as we ought to start having a basic benefit for them and the first year medicaid when it was passed in 1965, medicaid spending was Something Like 1 billion a year. This year over 500 billion. Medicaid was looked at as a much smaller program that was the beginning of trying to to cover lowincome people who are not seen years, poor people and it has become the secondBiggest Program in health care for medicare and more people, 66 Million People, one out of five americans on medicaid and at the time it was projected to be 5 Million People so you have 66 million americans on medicaid, 65 million americans on medicare so obviously those are big programs that medicaid at the time was envisioned to be a relatively small program, substantially expanded. The president of theaca, the president S Health Care plan. Host the president and the Affordable Care act asks for the expansion of medicaid. Some states of the and so. Others have not. Our discussions this morning with tom scully former administrator of the centers for medicare and Medicaid Services is about creation of medicare and medicaid in this country under president johnson. His vision for a socalled Great Society. Stephanie, you are a first in pennsylvania, independent scholar. Caller Social Security disability, i think a lot of that is for military, people who come back from th