And socialism then and now. Get afternoon everyone. My name is kyle george stead. I have to say, it would not be a true visit back without al stereotypical brain, nice to see most of your made it dry. Id like to remind you we have a book table outside in the atrium so i would encourage you to check that out at some point during the conference. We would also like to thank our sponsor, the United States just as charitable foundation, and for filming and were broadcasting this lecture. This is titled, millennials for flirtation with socialism. We will focus on the american fixation with socialism, and in particular my generations fixation, which im as shocked as many of you are by. It is my pleasure introduce three professors who will speak to us today. Is Andrew Mitchell associate professor of history who earned his bachelor degree his masters and doctorate from ohio state university. He contributed a chapter for a book about this limits of empire. Europeans of empire, formation in early modern rock history. To dr. David hofstetter earned his ba, ma, and phd from ohio state university. His published articles on reader the transatlantic classicism of William Godwin and Charles Martin brown, and philosophical perspectives on 19th century science and mary shelley, as well as text books on writing and basic christian apologetics. Dr. Eric a potter is a professor of english whose avid Academic Specialties include american literature, contemporary poetry, and religion in red literature. Book is dr. Potter received his bachelors from Wheaton College and his masters and doctorate from the university of virginia. After we hear from each of our speakers, we will have a short question and answer session. Please think of any questions you may have a layer up your presenting. Please join me in welcoming our speakers today. [applause] thank you very much, good afternoon. Poison squads, polish workers sausage the talk is not entirely accurate. I was allicit with the it and converted. [laughter] youpe you havent eaten, if have i apologize in advance. The 20th century started off with a bang for america. And immediate future promised big things. After decades of Global Political indifference, america chose to embark on empire, taking up the white mans burden and puerto rico and the philippines. In 19 032 brothers from a higher on teens did the unthinkable command aerial flight. Americans won gold and 78 of the 94 olympic events at the third modern olympiad in st. Louis. The gate which of the west was also hosting an International Exposition and impressed foreign visitors with the brits and scale of american accomplishments, including the waffle cone. [laughter] of five, president Theodore Roosevelt further enhance the countrys repetition international latecomer brokering a peace deal between russia, and japan that would earn him americas firstever nobel prize. Ustrially, military militarily, diplomatically, we behaved like the great european powers. But when it came to the small matter of ensuring minimal quality food and drink for its citizens, the nationwide mind. Ever since the revolutionary upheavals of 1848 European Countries recognized it traditionally liberal approach to economics, laissezfaire handling of social developments was no longer sufficient to cope by large scale urbanization. England france and prussia led the way. By the end of the 19th century all that legislation constituted the food and drink. Concern for consumer played a leading role. Fractures series of pushed back the need to address broader social issues until after the civil war. And 19 and six, over 190 bills were introduced aimed at stopping the food and drugs. All of them were killed before reaching floor vote. Senator aldrin, a republican from nebraska took things a step further when he introduced a peer for the law in 1890, the right to empower the department of agriculture specifically with greater oversight of foods that were across state borders. After two years and committee, it passed the senate but was quickly killed in the house. The bills kept coming. The progressives desire to use the federal government as a principal tool to establish fair competition between large and Small Companies and to protect the consumer from profit hungry businessmen, shared by small and internally divided internally, protects eternally, socialist party in america. Both groups actively supported the 19 of. Food and drug act which on paper or establish the First Federal regulatory agency, the future fda. Some might create the bill as federal oversight, it was a vision of three individuals, none of whom possessed a clear socialist vision that were chiefly responsible for the passage of this bill. In the early 1900s the American Public can about socialism to the extent that it provided sensational news items such as the assassination of the governor of idaho in 1905 are other like scandals. They are to care about the Food Industry can much of the same way. Traditional American Food waste were stingy changing rapidly after the civil war and confidence of the quality of what was consumed tended to fall. The spheres found expression in the news media, found an extremely strong correlation and articles pertaining to high Public Health and high circulation numbers. The first event take these concern to a National Level came during the spanishamerican war 18981899. There was little fighting done. The National Press began looking for Human Interest stories. One concerned Major General elson miles and puerto rico, who frequently campaigned about the quality of food issued to his men, deriving it as involved the. As soldiers returned home, the accounts of rancid meat seemed to cooperate tales of criminal negligence coming out of the commissary department. The public remains uneasy, watching something further nothing further to be done. Broken outspoken person was Harvey Washington Wiley. While he was born on an indiana boy,in 1844 and as man and was both strong, religious, and intellectual inclinations, both worked with a concern for. He. By 1883, he had many name for himself as one of the nations leading chemical experts on sugar. Following this involved beef scannell scandal, widely considered the countryside failed in its duties to protect the American Public. He bemoans the publics seemingly insurmountable stupidity. As europes in a scientific journal at the turnofthecentury, to be treated for them those old deceived had a fox demagogues have no ties, manicured and carrabba dies, or privileges dear to us all. Government shall attempt to deprive us of these inalienable rights. For the next seven years, wiley would demand a greater role for federal regulation, particularly with labeling and marketing the Food Industry. This chemist for trade himself as an impartial champion of consumer rights. Recent studies have noticed an intriguing correlation between them greased publications about food safety and purity and a noticeable rise in competition for congressional appropriations between federal bureaucracies from 18 18901910 especially bureaus under the department of agriculture. By harvey wiley was serving the American Public, also testifying to congress a reason for keeping his chemistry bureau intact or expanding its numbers and budget at the expense of others. Wileys first success in drawing attention and appropriations came with congressional approval to form he called poison squads. Widely advertised nationally for 12 volunteers just well into summit to extreme eating conditions over the course of 12 months. At every male, men are given pure food cooked but sometimes by well he personally, others by a professional chef. Following their mail there are particular given food such as a glass of acid. They would does it back after the meal and some of them got and wileyut that eventually put them in casserole form and they would just pop it back capsule form. Specific scientific conclusions were lacking. At the in the five years they said they have can cause harm to any consumer. Nevertheless, an emboldened harvey wiley took the cause of full food this to the cod to congress. Labeling on Food Purchasing the country only the feud could guarantee that label. While he responded indignantly to those who objected, character and opponents as bugs, scampering from under a log when the light is shone upon it. These bugs have clout, and wileys first be at get the drug at past with resounding defeat. Following this failure, wiley turned to the muckraking press and attempted to flame his opponents. Needless to say, businesses responded to this abuse and kind in a Massive Public relations battle flared up, and make great reading for the American Public and had to be given a muchneeded roos boost on a depressed author. Often sinclair had come from southern phone number times. His father had moved to new york city to try to improve the family fortune but instead has succumbed to alcoholism. Sinclair discovered his literary talents at a Junior College and would use them to help provide for himself and his widowed mother. Despite passion and talent, his work actually stagnated by the turnofthecentury. It was at this point that sinclair could previously denounced socialism and cereals began to reconsider the ideology. By 1904, swayed by the intellectual cachet of a new circle of friends, he became a convert to read shortly after that transformation, sinclair gave up writing the Great American novel, left his wife, and traveled to chicago. There he lived for the next few months, working in a meatpacking facility, talking to his fellow employees about the conditions. Billion of his days, the months in chicagos featured prominently in sinclairs stories and anecdotes. A publisher was quickly had come at julius whelans association socialist appeal to reason, and the jungle started in february of 1905. For the next eight months the significant readership became aware of the struggles facing lithuanian immigrants while men falling into vats to be turned into lard imprinted themselves vividly in our imaginations. For all that, the jungle is not a success. Serialization stopped before the novel was completed. He tried to self publish the work. Before he could do so, and a man named hybrid isaac marcus and satire, readrlier the manuscript and convinces bosses to publish it. Theater roosevelt fresh from brokering the treaty of fort smith weighed in on the issue. In a state of the Union Address in december 19 of five, the president publicly endorsed the need for a cure law. His urging a congressional ill regulating this boost could not have come at a more auspicious time. Of 519 and six christmas vacation was not pleasant for most senators. And it would published work entitled the treason of the senate had accused nearly every Single Member of the body of thing in the pay of the work thoroughly concerted the Washington Community and with increased public pressure persuaded congress to act. On the 10th of december 19 10th of january, republican senators buddy. The second debate held a week later determined it would pass, administered by the commerce treasury and Agriculture Department with wileys bureau of chemistry. The floor vote on the 21st of february right around the time the jungle was sitting from double the cap dashcam at 634 in favor with 22 abstaining. The bill proceeded to the house where it languished. It was wild bill was under consideration in the house the Teddy Roosevelt invited Upton Sinclair to meet him at the white house. He arrived on the fourth of april where he learned result had been so taken with the jungle he received an advanced copy. He proposed to send a handpicked team of investigators to chicago. When their report revealed that if anything the jungle had understated conditions in some factories, both sinclair and results patients gave out. In the wake of continued congressional abstinence, both men released detailed, certified notes of chicago make points that decisively turned the tide. Amended. The 23rd of june, signed by president roosevelt on the 30th of june, together with the Meat Inspection eminent. The courts would have a final say on any disputes that might arise between packers and inspectors, instead of giving the Agricultural DepartmentCarte Blanche to receive violations. Precisely to us to take credit for the final passage became controversy since the law took effect. Most oft initially the praise was on wiley, but on sinclair. Denounced later on in the year as, hysterical and untruthful. A crackpot sinclairs has been controversial itself. One recent food historian has boldly stated that within weeks of the published publication of the jungle, meet sales fell by half across the country. Other historians study of you sure less despite the phenomenal sales, even sinclair had a mixed feelings about its reception, lamenting, and that americas heart inhibits stomach by accident. [laughter] most of the food and drug act, testified to congress on its behalf, but should the publish to encourage its passionate to construct Coalition Committee was unnatural that Harvey Washington Wiley was going to become the chief administrator of the law and would do so until resigning from washington in 1912. Despite increasing disillusionment with washington and republican parties, wiley maintain the honor of promoting this act until the end of his days, resenting any rival who challengess share of glory. Whatever affect this bill mightve had in starting a precedent for future regulation of businesses, the practical effects of the peer food and drug act were negligible. Even with the passage of this pure food drug and has manic act in 1938, a vibrant kenton tension existed between federal and state oversight to ms. And thirdparty oversight organizations. All these regulators as American Consumers themselves, wanted to ensure the quality of food being produced. Didnt want tops have impossibly high standards for food and quality that american businesses might suffer as a result, particularly with overseas markets. Perhaps the most notable success lay in creating a spirit of trust in the American Public that their federal government was looking out for their best curbing american bigger businessmen and providing them not only with Accurate Information but a guarantee that all foods they could part purchase in a Grocery Store were pure or safe. No one looks at the history the law, challenges to its passage and challenges spoken by its implementation over a more thanter progressivism not necessarily socialism. Harvey wiley clearly pushed the bounds of her piety and advocating for a law that would have added the power of his multibureau of chemistry, the department of agriculture. Teddy roosevelt was interested in curbing practices he believed represented extremes. All the while, keeping federal intrusion businesses and minimum. Was moren sinclair than the socialist tradition commencement and by the chance to live in an environment different from his own upbringing rendering electricity turned americas public stomach and who superlatively sacrificed socialist appeal fell on deaf ears and literary thatcs have argued being said, the debate surrounding federal government regulation, its usefulness in improving overall conditions within an interesting, or the ability to create or sustain a fair environment between large corporations and on a subject for numbers remains the vibrant one. Localizingt tendencies, concerns with copyright and end of it intellectual pop property in the birth of google and amazon, issues seem just as important as ever. Theres even hope that politicians might begin thinking or talking in terms of a common nationallocal state or level, endeavoring to create a level Playing Field in which all can compete. Here competition between big and small, wellinformed consumers socially engaged to the of such abuse, what austin socialism want . Thank you. [applause] think you for coming out. It is we are shifting from the historically true and real to the imaginatively disturbing. [laughter] all right. So, the services of socialism. Nd dystopian sciencefiction by way of introduction the millennial flirtation with recent polls show that up to 50 of millennials favorable view of socialism and no other demographic in america holds such a high regard for this socioeconomic system. Interestingly, when students learn that socialism actually involves government intrusion into personal lives and the private sector, their enthusiasm for socialism diminishes. My thesis then, i propose that students be encouraged to read and discuss dystopian sciencefiction fury featuring socialist inclined ideology as a way to increase their understanding of socialism is it truly is, not as they have been told it is through progressivist education and socialist propaganda. Novels like a brave new world and the clockwork orange reveals for socialism dehumanizes the individual, denies natural law and destabilize his human sexuality in the natural family, destroys free thinking through status indoctrination, and then denies god, replacing True Religion with state worship. Suggest using a shattered vestige of socialism that is encouraging students to lift the legions away from the personally, emotionally, sp