Transcripts For CSPAN3 Patent Models 20160430 : vimarsana.co

He owns the largest private collection of american patent models in the world. So, we did that. I want up to cazenovia for two days with alan and and. They cannot have been more gracious and hospitable and helpful. And, alan, they had built his wing on a house to display the patent models. And, he said borrow anything you like. So, i spent two days selecting. It was a hard choice narrowing it down to 40 models. As you know, the exhibition was a Great Success here for two years. So, that is my First Contact with the rothchild. Did bit about alan, he received a degree in pharmacy and went into the Family Pharmacy business. Threether had established pharmacies in the syracuse new york area. So, he was going to do that for a career. , he was was in college interested in apothecary shops. The display of the objects would going to this shop. Historicd to create a apothecary shop museum. Which he did. It was open for 25 years and syracuse. It was now here housed in the museum of science and technology in downtown. But, he got bored with pharmacy, which he described as counting pills from one big bottle into a little bottle. Boat, andt out on his he founded the medical equipment and supply company. He established a Home Health Care center. Also, a company to build and theye medical buildings were success. He holds two u. S. Patents for these timing devices. And, he is an inventor and a collector of patent models. As i massive scale. Im sure he will tell you about that his talks. Holds a masters degree in instructional technology. She was the director of the Senior Citizens programs for the city of syracuse. And, she also has run the Family Business. The syracuse glove factory. She assisted alan with research on patent models. She is the coauthor of the book on the patent model collection title. Mass. G and better with that, lets welcome alan rothchild. [applause] thinking for your kind worlds words. Think the director of the Smithsonian Art Museum for inviting us to do this presentation. Betsy has always been a staunch advocate of the patent models. Her support is very appreciated. Thank you from the museum of arrangements for tonights event. A special thank you to elizabeth doherty. The inventor of education for the u. S. Patent and trademark office. Also, a very well deserved thank you for gareth brandon, the editor of our book who also wrote the introduction for the book. I believe he is here this evening from grudging guiles from california representing the public truth of their book. Thank you both. Also, on thank all of you who have come tonight to hear a program. The patent system adds interest to the fire of genius. This quote was by abraham lincoln. President lincoln actually had a patent. The purpose was to lift votes with the river. Lincoln is the only american president who ever obtained a u. S. Patent. It is april 10, 1790. President George Washington had just signed a bill to create the United States Patent Office. For the first time in American History, the right of an inventor to profit from his or her invention was recognized by law. The constitution of article one, section a clause eight empowers congress to promote the practice byscience and useful art securing the limited times that authors and inventors with perspective writings and discoveries. The subject of the United States patent is defined as useful art, manufacturing devices or any improvement thereafter. Patent, aor a specialization in drawing and model are to be submitted. Secretary of state thomas jefferson, henry knox, and attorney general Edmund Randolph or chosen to have a threemember patent commission. The members are given the power to issue a patent, if they deem the invention or discovery sufficiently useful and orton for a time not to exceed 14 years. Grantards authority to patents is absolute. It was no appeals process. The department of state is given the responsibility for administering patent laws. It is between 45 dollars. This is an example of a patent model. All of the images of models in this presentation are patent models that are in the book and part of the collection. Models were required from 1790 until 1880. Many were still being submitted until the late 1890s. The model was not to be more than 12 inches squared and needed to have the inventors name affixed to it. The United States was the only country in the world that the required a model to be cemented for a patent. Era, thee patent model office of a patent and a receiving tag so each model that was granted a patent, the patent was attached to the model by a short length of red twill fabric, and the expression government red tape may have had its origin from this practice. They patent tag had the number on it along with the inventors name, with the patent was for, and the date on which received a patent. The receiving tag had the inventors name on it. What the patent was, and the date the model was received by the Patent Office. Approximately 10,000 models were issued from 1790 21836. The papers issued to the inventors or each side by the United States president , the secretary of state, and the attorney general. An image displayed as original patent paper signed by George Washington on january 6 1797 for the invention of a process relating to the making of perl actions. 1810, the Patent Office moves from the department of state to a hotel. Also known as the great hotel and the Union Pacific hotel. Streetbuilt in 1793 on e between seventh and 8th avenue. For the first time, patent models were put on public display. Tobecomes a local custom stroll through the room on sunday to see what models are new. On december 15 1836, there is a fire in the office. The entire building burns to the ground. All the records of most of the models are a destroyed. Congress appropriates 100,000 for the restoration of 3000 for the most important ones. Luckily, many records are allowed outside the office. Nearly all the models were allowed to be reconstructed. They were given an original date. The acts signified that the patent was signified prior to july 1836. In 1836, top Congress Authorizes construction of a new building for the Patent Office. The design is a greek revival structure. As many of you may know, we are now actually sitting in the building that was built near the Patent Office. Congress set certain requirements for the new building. Must be fireproof, meet the requirements of the office for the next 50 years, and include a gallery for display models to the public. By the end of the 1840s, as many as 10,000 visitors her mother came to be the models. Reestablishes the examination system of 1790. Models areion of once again required by the commissioner. The application fee is 30 for u. S. Citizens, 500 for british subjects, and 300 for all others. Instituted system is relating the previous practice of just using names. Is given tor one john rutgers of maine for traction wheels on a locomotive steam engine. It was not supposed to happen, but it certainly did. On september 24, 1877 a major fire breaks out on the first floor of the west wing of the office building. It was supposedly fireproof the league. 87,000 models are destroyed. 27,000 are retrieved from the debris. And, Congress Appropriates 45,000 for the restoration. 1994, iummer of stumbled upon a group of patent models for sale at an upstate new york antique show. Completely captivated by them come i purchased a few of the models. Then a few more, then a lot more. This was the beginning of my collection. In the passing years, models were added to the collection from auctions, private sales, and several other collections. 21 years later, the collection consisted of over 4000 patent models. The the years come of collection has been featured in hundreds of articles, stores, and magazines. Some of the more interesting stories were in the new york times, the wall street journal, the Christian Science monitor, the robb report, and emirates airwaves. Also featured was on television programs, cbs sunday morning with charles osgood. And modern marvels, and home and garden television. Have generated more than 24 patent model exhibits that of travel drop the country. Of the exhibits have been the patent and trademark office, the Federal Reserve bank of all ,oston, texas a m university the louisiana art and science museum, and without a doubt, the most significant of all the exhibits was the exhibit inventing a better mousetrap that was actually in this 2011ng from november of november of 2013. One of my favorites is at the discovery arcata disney parish. The one question i have been asked many times over the past year is how did i end up with these models, if they were in the possession of the property of the United States Patent Office. That in 1883, the models were moved out of the Patent Office and placed in storage. It was estimated that from 1884 until 1925, 200,000 was spent in moving and storing the models. Congress appropriated 10,000 to do away with the short models. 1925, the models were sold at public auction in new york city to the philanthropist of the drug company now part of the collateral welcome. He died in 1936. His dreams of establishing the museum never materialized with the 1929 stock market crash. The estate sold the models for broadway producer who sold the collection to a group of businessmen. 1940, american patent models declared bankruptcy and they were required by gilbert. Over the years, he had many auctions and thousands of models were sold. 1979, floyd peterson, a designer and inventor purchased gilbert remaining collection of models. Peterson printed and eight volume set of catalogs showing patent models for sale. He sold many in private sales and auctions. I began purchasing models from him in 1994. I eventually ended up with his personal collection. At this time, i would like to give you an overview of the book , inventing a better mousetrap. Written by myself and my wife. There are 25 chapters, broken down by subject matter such as steam, mining, home, manufacturing, agricultural, and various other subjects. Each chapter reviews the history of the subject as it relates to its significance during the 1800s. Featurester also government patent models with short descriptions of how they work long with stories about their inventors. Our book has had over three dozen reviews and comments. All have been extremely confident tree and informative. I would like to share one of the comments with you by somebody whose name you will recognize. The rothschild patent model collection lets us see how different our lives to be without the spirit of invention. Seeing what other inventors have done as motivated us to think outside the box. Do we want to watch life go by or be a part of it . Steve bosniak, the founder of apple computers. I would like to talk now about a few of the inventors featured in the books. Corliss was known worldwide for his contributions to the design and construction of the steam engine. , he established the Nightingale Company in Providence Rhode island. Of all the thousands of steam engines built at the factory, at most famous was the one the 1870 six Centennial Convention in philadelphia. The steam engine was the largest in the world. Its applied power to 14 acres of machinery. The patent model this is the corliss cutting machine from 1877. The machine was adapted to cut large gears with any required degree. This is the machine that was on display at the 1876 centennial celebration. Whitney, the inventor of the cotton gin was born in massachusetts in 1765. Father was a farmer. In 1794, he reckoned revolutionized the industry with his invention for removing seeds. Eliwhitney son also named was born in 1820. He was five years old at the time of his fathers death. Away, hefather passed too became known simply as eli whitney. 1841, the son elis portrait is on the screen took over the operation of the musket manufacturing from his cousins, the blake brothers who we will talk about next. Whitneys patent model was for a new and improved breech loading firearm. He received many patents over the 30 year time. He was one of the first gunfacturers for percussion caps. The son eli whitney died in 1894 at the age of 74. They first lock company in new haven was the blake brothers company. It started in 1833 by three brothers. Eli whitney blake, john blake and lawrence blake. Inventor of the cotton gin, after whitneys death in 1825, the blake brothers took over the operation of the gun factory. As i mentioned, his son took over the operation from his cousins. 1858, he invented the first stone crushing machine which provided the material to build the nations first paved roadways. This achievement earned him the title father of the american road system. Brothers, patented by them in 1833 was the worlds first lock and latch that was inserted into the body of the door. There invention replaced the box lock and latch that was affixed to the outside surface of the door. Sir Henry Stephen maxim was born in maine in 1840. All born in america, he later became a british citizen. He received his greatest recognition for inventing the worlds first portable machine gun. His gun could shoot 500 rounds per minute, equipped with the firepower of 100 rifles. The gun revolutionized warfare. He offered his weapon to the United States war and navy departments. Both of which declined it on the ground that it was impractical. The following year, he sold his gun to most of the major powers in europe. In 1900, he was knighted by queen victoria, becoming sir henry maxim in recognition of his contribution his gun played in the success of the british army. He was a prolific inventor, from inventing the first automated Sprinkler System to flying a plane before the wright brothers. It was in brooklyn, new york or he developed machines for generating and illuminating gas. Establishing the gas company. His invention for the carburetor was in our Automated Machine recalculating error for illuminated purposes. Melvin bissell and his wife or partners in a cracker store. Frequently material would spill onto the floor and needed to be constantly cleaned up. Thisll was frustrated with the sweeper he was using. Patented his bissell carpet sweeper. Melvin bissell died in 1889 at the age of 45. Upon his death, as wife became the head of the company, becoming the first female ceo in america. The bissell carpet sweeper was patented in 1886, the drive wheels that turned the rotary relocated outside their walls of the sweeper casing. The casing was surrounded with a circled elastic band for preventing the dry wheels and casing from coming into contact and messing up the furniture or wall surfaces. The Bissell Company is still in existence today in grand rapids, michigan. It is still familyowned. In 1843, at the age of 19, a young quaker named Stephen Whitman set up a small shop close to the waterfront in philadelphia, pennsylvania, trying to compete with the fine european chocolates of the time. Future customers from all walks of life. It was the sailors from the nearby wharf who provided him flavors from their travels. He incorporated all of these delicacies into his chocolates. He began his Company Selling individual chocolates. By 1854, he introduced his first box of candies. Whitman sugarplums. Container, a kinky it became the first packaged confession in the printed trademark. Sugarplums used to refer to any type of candy. Intman patented his machine 1875. The machine use a steam box surrounding the body to heat the premolded batch which would be poured into multiple vessels located around the top. A lever controlled a sliding gate. Testament to Stephen Whitman, 160 years later, the whitman name is still synonymous with chocolate. Was an American Press maker who, in 1843 invented the rotary press. It will revolutionize printing. The rotary press printed both sides of a sheet of paper at the same time. Press couldtary print 8000 pages per hour. A larger press made renting larger newspapers possible. He received over 30 patents for his inventions. His inventions were responsible for the Company Becoming one of the most successful manufacturers of printing equipment in north america. His patent model for printing railroad tickets was one of the most elaborate and rare in the collection. Today, 12 models by richard neal on the National Museum of American History. I believe that this is the only other existing model not in that collection. This press uses a revolving cylinder numbering the tickets in successive numbers by a registry apparatus. Then, cut them from the role and deposited them in a receptacle based on numerical order. Every one else was knowing englands first women engineer in her improvement and propeller might be the most important medical invention of the 19th century. Father, henry and his had patented his idea of a submerged gun mounted propeller. The low propeller was fitted on many warships. ,ollowing her fathers death she carried on the pioneering work in the development of the propeller for steamship. Her propeller was used on many warships and liners. On may 4, 1869, vance card received a United States patent for her construction of the propeller. Allow ships to go faster with less fuel, less vibration, and better steering while in reverse. The civil war changed the field of military surgery and orthopedics. The powerful, destructive, and more powerful weapons d