Chris riley and the at t vice president. We believe at the end of the day, internet need strong rules to protect neutrality. Those needs include Reasonable Network Management and they need to be effectively enforceable every the problem we have now is where the Net Neutrality issue has gone. I think there is a lot of consensus around the rules, but its focused on the sec Legal Authority to adopt rules and the theory they sit use. Our concern really is that theyre going to undo potentially a regulatory status that has been inclusive now for over a decade. Monday night on cspan2. Next, former members of president Clintons Administration discussed the president s Foreign Policy strategy and achievements. They explore his response to events in bosnia, rwanda, and the middle east. Including the search for osama bin laden. The clinton president ial Center Hosted this hour and 20 minute event as part of a commemoration of the 10th anniversary of the clinton president ial Library Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome editor in chief and copresident of the Atlantic James bennett in the Foreign Policy panel. [applause] good morning, everybody. Welcome. We have five very strong panelists here who im going to introduce to you in a moment and a really long list of initiatives and crises that we could talk about this morning. Im sure we will hit a number of them including the pursuit of in the middle east and ireland bosnia, the twists and turns in bosnia, nato expansion, the struggle against terrorism. That is before weve been get to haiti, or wanda, somalia india pakistan, and so on. Anyone of the subject could consume any number of panel discussions. My hope is that we wont get too deeply into the details of any one of them but that we will drive toward an understanding of the principles that shaped or maybe youve all possibly from considerable trial and maybe the occasional error. How did president clinton come to reconcile promoting American Value with pursuing his interests . And how most broadly did he envision a new global architecture in this suddenly fluid time after the berlin wall came down. As much as possible, im hoping this will be a conversation among our panelist rather than a series of presentations and i hope you guys will react to each others presentations and feel free to argue as it is appropriate. To bring all this to his final point is possible at the end im hoping to do a lightning round 30 panelist to ask them to define what they see as bill clintons legacy in global affairs. The audience as well will have the option to ask questions in our last 20 minutes. Please start thinking of the good questions that i will fail to ask. Im now going to introduce our panelist and they will talk about the texture of their roles during the clinton years. To my left is sandy berger, and is a global consulting, and he is involved in a number of projects worldwide, with a particular focus in asia russia, and the middle east. He served with bill clinton and his of ministration during the middle east, and he was a National Security advisor in the first term before becoming of a National Security advisor in the second term. To his left is general wesley clark, who retired in 2000 from military service after a 38 year career that culminated in his achieving fourstar rank and the role of nato supreme allied commander of europe. He has received numerous awards, from the purple heart to the silver star to the president ial medal of freedom. He is now at the center for International Relations at ucla. To his left is mara rudman where she was chief counsel with the Foreign Affairs committee. At the white house she was the Deputy Assistant at the white house for Foreign Affairs come much of her quest was for middle east peace, and she continued stubbornly into the current administration, where she served as the deputy chief of staff answered as envoy for the middle east peace of state, and now a visiting fellow at the institute for National Strategic studies. Nancy soderberg also joined the Clinton Administration from the hill, where she was senior foreignpolicy adviser to ted kennedy. During the clinton years, she served on the nfc for National Security affairs, and also served as an alternate representative to the u. N. Ambassador soderbergh is now president and ceo of soderbergh solutions, nash ambassador soderberg ambassador soderberg is now president and ceo of soderberg solutions. His brush with Public Service spent time in Lee Hamiltons office as well as with senator richard lugar. I think sandy we turn it over to you to begin your own and better summation of your biography. What i did in the administration as well as my background . Yes. I was the deputy security advisor in the first term, the National Security advisor in the second term, having been the foreignpolicy adviser in the campaign. I often thought of National Security advisers jobs as being able to write on the elephant and then having to clean up after the elephant. [laughter] it is really multiple jobs. You write on the elephant because you are one of three or four printable advisers to the president along with the secretary of state, secretary of defense, director of the cia you clean up after it because you essentially are the chief of staff for Foreign Policy. The National Security staff which is about 150 men footnote, 400 now, has to ensure the president is ready for whatever he is doing. The speeches. The meetings. The trips. The phone calls. All of that work is done by the nsc staff. The third job of the National Security advisor, and maybe one of the most important, is to run an interagency process i which by which the president is ultimately given the best options to decide hard problems. Easy problems dont get to the president. The hard problems. The Better Process is one that has real bret breadth. We started at the assistant level, across the board, and these people were really up to their elbows in problems, they knew it really well, they lived it, and they would come up with a series of problems,. And analysis, and options that would go up to the deputies problems, analysis, and options. That would go up to the deputy secretaries, and then that would go up to the next step and they would define it to the principles, and i always felt if the principles could agree to 80 , that was a good thing, and the rest would be taken to the president. And the National Security advisor sometimes was the one present in the options. You had to present them to the president and a fairway. In a fair way. I wanted to present madeleines options in a way as if she were standing next to me and that she could believe that i had fairly stated her options. And in the fourth function is to make sure the president s policies are in demented. Are implemented. You make these options, and the state has its own view, and it is quite easy for the policy to be unrecognizable, so the National Security advisor has to continue to push and prod to make sure that that policy is carried out. I would say that the last role and by far the most important role, and i said this to each of my successors, advisers, both republican and democrat, who have asked me about the job, is that you have to be able to tell the president the truth. You need to. All of the president s senior advisers tell the president the truth. But it is the truth from a diplomatic perspective, if you are a secretary of state. It is the truth from the military perspective if you are the defense minister, or it is the truth from the intelligence perspective if you are the head of the cia. You are looking at this from the president s perspective. You need to be able to tell the president how you see the situation, how you see his actions and activities in that situation, even when you think he is not doing the right thing, and what you think the real options are. I often did that. A few time i got times i got my head snapped off. Sometimes the president would be reading his crossword puzzle as i was talking, which meant that he was listening. [laughter] then i would go on my merry way. But that is the highest those simply are the Truth Tellers to the president from outside the bubble, outside the four walls of the administration. You are doing your job. General clark, can you tell us a little bit about the role that you came to play in pursuing for a policy for this administration . And im also curious, how did you get to know the president . You are from arkansas and i dont know how far back . It is a humble, humble story, and a lot lower what said he has described, i had four positions during the Clinton Administration. I was the head of the Calvary Division at fort hood, texas, we had apache helicopters and 43 courses 43 horses, that i can to washington in the spring of 94, and in that job, i was part of the thousands of people that were part of the process. My job was to maintain the connectivity between military activities and the diplomatic and residential directives at the staff levels. So i had to prepare the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff to work with principals and deputies and that we had to function in the interagency working groups. It was like a total firehose of hundreds of actions going on from International Arms transfers, narcotics, the summit of the americas, north korean negotiations, rwanda, haiti, bosnia, it ran the gambit, so it was a wonderful job, and eyeopening job, and i was across the river usually twice a day into the white house or the state department or both sitting in on meetings or sometimes been the principal at a meeting representing the pentagon. I became a fourstar general and i became the commander in chief of the u. S. Southern commands, so commands, so i had to have regional responsibility in europe. So we were on the execution and some 19962000. How did i meet the president . Good question. I was at writing a horse one morning at forward, texas, as there were 13 flag officers at fort hood, and the used my horses, so every saturday morning, we had a flag ride, and we rode for three or four hours and we talked about the day, and my boss was a threestar down there, and he looked down at me from the saddle one day and he said, in the spring of 1993, and he said, are you a friend of president s clinton president clinton . And i said, sir, i have known him for a long, long time. He was up at west point, he said, and he said you are one of his friends. I just wanted to know. So he had a long shadow. I had actually met bill clinton when he was, i went to Georgetown University for the conference on atlantic discussions, and i was a first glassman at west point, and i had gone down there, and it was the last first glassman classman at west point, and i had gone down there, and it was the last thing is going to do before becoming a rhodes scholar, and this girl said our you from arkansas, and i said yes, and she said there is somebody here from arkansas, and he is bill clinton. And i sit idle think he is from arkansas, and she said he is from arkansas because he talks about watermelons and stuff like this. [laughter] you are in high school and things like that and you know people who are good enough to get to a school like georgetown so an hour later this young guy comes up to me and he is escorted by a young lady on each arm and he says, i am bill clinton, i am from hope, arkansas, and we talked for about an hour, and i was incredibly impressed. Afterwards we talked again, and he said, what are you going to do . And i said i would trail for roads try out for rhodes, and then if that does not work im going to go to vietnam. And he said i would to try out for rhodes too. He was in hot springs and i was in little rock, and i followed his incredible career, and i asked him as we left that day, and i was leaving for georgetown to go back to west point, and i said, to you ever think you might do something in politics . And he said, well, i have thought about it. [laughter] so we went back a long way, and i always admired his drive, and he got into arkansas politics early, and he made a huge difference in this state. I do so many of you out here have followed his growth and leadership and have benefited enormously. And tell us your story. I came from capitol hill, and my job at the National Security council, and i had a few jobs there, and the most important one was the chief of staff at the National Security council, so i was working for the National Security council, but for sandy there, but without being too repetitive of what he described, while i did end up focusing a fair amount of time substantively on the middle east, i would say the main way that i saw my job was to in many ways clear away the underbrush to make it as easy as possible for sandy and the other deputy to take care of the number of things that sandy has described, because you can see how the complex how complex the coordination job was. If you are doing right behind the presidency in that job, what does that mean . What it meant for me under sandys direction was to figure out a way as we were working to shape and shapen and get this decisions made to ensure that we had a plan for implementing them and that they were going to be followed through on in the most effective way possible. So that meant that you had the money for them. And that you were going to follow the money all the way through. That you had a way to make sure that you are making those decisions and that the agencies had the right guidance and that you are following up, and sometimes the agencies that you are making the right decision but they would follow you from the beginning to the end all the way through. And congress felt of the decision, but it was part of the decedent part of the genius quite friendly, that the president was with us on every foreign trip that we took, and i was responsible at various points of managing members of congress on those foreign trips. I think it was critically important for getting by in buyins. That was when you had republican controlled both the house and the senate and there were very challenging trips, including the trip to the west bank and gaza and members of Congress Went on every leg of that trip, members of Congress Went to the west bank and gaza. They went to bosnia and i went on a trip when i was on the hill as well, which was part of the Clinton Administration strategy, to bring along members. So money, congress, the mystically, internationally, specifically how you get the i in the buyin, and the decisionmaking, how you peel away the curtain. If you have a big thought or a big policy, what do you do to make it happen . Not necessarily the drama, but the important gears behind it to make sure it is sustainable. I was going to say i remember american flags all over also during that trip, which is something we have not seen since. Nancy . Thank you very much, thank you to the Miller Center for this scholarly edition, i remember well doing my own interview, and i cannot remember what i said, so i will have to check that out. Mara and i have almost exactly the same career, i would to the hill, we had him of the same job, and then i went to the united nations, and how i differentiate between Previous White House occupants is that i teach now and if you want to get a boost to your career, pick the next president of the United States and spend the next eight months with him as he runs for president. If it does not work, you are immediately unemployed, which happened to me two times before i worked for bill clinton, but i worked on the Dukakis Campaign with Gene Sperling and George Stephanopoulos and learned how not to run a campaign, and then he called me and said, would you like to work for bill clinton . And i was working for ted kennedy at the time, and i said, you know, i have done to losing campaigns two losing campaigns, and george w. Bush is george h. W. Bush is at 90 in the polls, and there is this problem with clinton not inhaling, and i thought that ted kennedy was the most brilliant politician ever, and he said you should do it. And i said, why . Three times and you are out. And he said, because he is going to win. So i said, you are a hopeless romantic. [laughter] he said because the economy is what it is all about. So i did, and i met sandy and tony lake, and i fell in love with them, and i move here to little rock in june of 1992, drove my car down from washington, which got awarded the worst car in the white house parking lot when i got there but i made it back, and we were in a building right around here that is now a Charter School which was an old publishing newspaper, and we just set to work trying to unseat the sitting president of the United States, who was actually quite popular, who had just won the first gulf war. I was the director of Foreign Policy, which really meant i was in the office here on the phone with sandy nearly every day, saying, you should do this. But president clinton was viewed as not having a lot of Foreign Pol