8 our i do all this. Yeah. Were all about the stories that matter to you. Whatever it takes. 5 police my follow with your we are your is actually on fire made for mines. Ah, i one great new. Were going through a real revolution in access to space. To day commercial companies are providing access, private in visuals are find to be private companies are supplying payloads from the space station. Its an absolute revolution in relatively cheap and very frequent access. The new space concept is to open up space frontiers through entrepreneurial activity. Ah ah, in a really hope that there are more and more people country Work Together in space and we need to keep going to expand our frontier in space. Space tourism will open up brand new opportunities to enjoy our planet so many different people can have the opportunity to leave the earths surface and to orbit around earth or maybe to go to the moon. And if thats going to be amazing for people to have a different perspective and to be able to live there dreamed we are fortunate enough to be amongst the some of the 1st researchers who will go and fly on some of these commercial vehicles thats coming pretty soon so im starting to get very excited people will financially live off base planet. Someday there will be a person who was born in space lives their entire life and face and is never even visited clamor. On july 20th 2021. Just phases. One of the richest men and the owner of the amazon and Aerospace Company orator reached an unprecedented milestone. He was on board of the 1st commercial sub orbital flight ever to reach the edge of space at an altitude of 107 kilometers. Now on how it felt, oh my god, when expectations were high and they were dramatically exceeded. This pioneering flight lasted just 10 minutes and 10 seconds with the crew floating in microgravity around 4 minutes. Just a few days before on july 11th, Richard Branson, the multi billionaire owner, the Space Tourism company, Virgin Galactic was on board of his own space plane and also enjoyed microgravity for a few minutes. Ah, i was the child. 7 the dream. Looking out to the song. Now im and i dont, it was wonderful. I was looking for ah, least to eat, leak space flight. Sean, the whole world as they kicked off a new age. The age of Space Tourism. What were doing is that only adventure, but its also important because what were doing is the 1st step of something big. This is a big vision, but big things start small. In this intense competition to give human beings the opportunity to travel to space space acts has taken a step forward as just a couple months after these milestones. On september 15th, they launched inspiration for the 1st all civilian human space flight to orbit range. This space ex mission reached an altitude of 590 kilometers, much higher than previous sub orbital flight and even higher than the International Space station. And it spent 3 days orbiting the earth. This private space flight was the 1st ever to go into orbit without a professional astronaut aboard. This has been just the beginning of an exciting race from a faith tourism business, a thriving business that will allow people to enjoy commercial journeys to space. And this is just the tip of the iceberg of a new economic wave that will change our world as we know what the space private business there you see a true revolution occurring in space. This somewhere around the way we realized that space also had the value aid to 10 years ago. Space start opening up to the private sector in thats what defined what is called right now. The new space economy, the, the ability to go beyond just the objectives of space that are nearly find difficult for recent to open ended up to commercial activities so that other countries, other people can have access to space. And this is the true revolution happening at this moment. Right now we are living in a very interesting time. Youve got things like novel medical treatment. You got things like space face solar power. So a lot of these kind of near Science Fiction ideas. Theyre still very early stage, we have a lot of potential i think that were going to find things that we never knew even existed me everything is changing very quickly in space. The massive emergence of the private sector in space is the presence of human beings offered faster than ever before. This whole revolution will allow us to expand outside of the boundary of our beautiful blue planet and become a real multi planetary species. These are the 1st steps to becoming a multi plan to church species. They will, as one of their 1st acts complete ah, what you might call the 1st stage of Human History, which is our transition from being a local species based in the canyon riff valley, to a global species cockroach, we already are in extent. That completes the 1st stage of Human History of becoming what i call a type one civilization. A civilization that has a full access to the resources of its plant tied to civilization as one that has full access to the resources of its solar system or type 3 of the stars. So we are right now on the toss of completing our history of achieving type one and beginning our history of developing into a tight to civilization. Theres a famous quote from silicon Russian Space pioneer said burst is the cradle of me kind, but one cannot live in a cradled reverie with this is going to be of low profit and hes gonna be tough like on earth, he will star probably. But based on the moon, in which they can stay for more days, weeks start figure out how is that big gonna survive in such a harsh environment . And thats going to start evolving into more and more complex settlements on the moon. And probably later on, on mars move from spot next 957 through the moon landing. He had tremendous progress in development to space technology. And these were of course government lead efforts. The United States soviet union, racing to the moon. They had their Running Shoes on and they accomplished a lot. But once it lost that try, i mean we had stagnation and the cost of space launch from 970. 00 to 2010 did not fall by 1. 00. Which is incredible. I mean, if you think of the advances that occurred in other fields and computers, for example, where at a cost of key of computers felt radically from 1970 to 2010. And their capabilities increased by thousands of times. But not space absolute stagnation, but then starting around 2000 in widths, making the falcon 9 operational and then making it reusable. And then introducing a heavy lift vehicle that was 3 quarters usable. Based off of the falcon 9, we had a decline of the cost a space launch of a factor of 5. 00. It fell from 10000. 00 per kilogram to 2000. 00. A kilogram. Busy dummy in one coming in on this. I can its, its really crazy that we will be sophisticated rockets and then crash them every time we fly. Isnt this mat if says profound, this is and how important reusability is. Cerise well it is actually for mental i what must has done is not only created a number of very impressive and important space flight capabilities. And not only cutting the cost of space launch by factor 5 over the past 10 years when it had been absolutely black for the previous 40. But he has set off a private space. The key point of this paradigm shift has been the sharp reduction of the costs of launching thanks to the creation of re usable rockets, big entrepreneurs like elan, my score jeff bezos are leading this new private space race with their Company Space x and blue origin. In addition to these Huge Enterprises that have taken a gamble on big reusable vessels, there are other companies that are focused on emerging new market, small re usable rockets that could be useful for launching nano sets or other small payloads into earths orbit. One of these companies is p l d space. They are one of the leading commercial projects in europe in the small reusable rocket industry. Ah brown do en route turner as its co founders have been rocket tiers in space enthusiasts all their lives. And they have now managed to design the mirrors, re usable rockets based on parachutes, to recover one of the rocket stages. We were with the, in special with isa, since a long time ago. For to fortunately, we have strong support from them. We are one of the companies being supported by isa for small launcher development. They are providing us help in different ways for the development of the launch vehicle and also to help on the, on the operations. We are now developing new fi broker and we recently the company need im, you know, 5 years at 2 states you will get so we need to develop the mechanism to do the separation of the 2 stages. And this is also a tricky energy to develop its main focus on the small satellite market. And its a launch vehicle that can lift from putting 2 or 300 kilograms. So failing the mirror, 5 is peel the spaces mean project. Its a 2 staged, partially reusable rocket conceived to launch payloads into earths orbit. The 1st stage of the vessel is the reusable part. And it has been designed to come back to earth by terror, shoot and land and see if the separation of both stages. The 2nd stage will start ignition and continue to rise until it reaches earths orbit. When the ferrying will open to allow the payload, mainly small satellite to be placed into orbit both 2nd stage and faring will eventually be eliminated. The tricky part of this re Usable Technology is recovering the 1st stage. Ah, p l, the spring have developed a spectacular drop test that involves a helicopter and a boat with a cream to grab the booster from the c. O. We develop subsonic test in atlanta and see you in shoes of spain doing our drug test. And we want to demonstrate in flight. There is a really big opportunity and there is plans down operations. So we need to use part was because of our scale, our records are small and its cheaper to use platform than the indians to do. The reason we did not but those another important test because involving the use of a helicopter with people inside to break bylaws and other guy managing when to separate the 1st day to mirror 5 from the helicopters. There was a lot of things that it has been in at the moment, any time that we push the boat on somebody least keep operation. Natalie the launch itself. So we are assuming families because we do a lot of war to try to reduce any deal one of these least. So its super easy to, to fail. We do these, we have very successful salt. So we are very happy with every browse with our technologies, and its very, very Promising Technology to use small, rugged ah reuse ability has been one, the main drivers for the democratization of space that is allowed us to reach kirks orbit at much lower cost than years before so space is becoming much more accessible to us. A place where a promising economy is about to thrive. Ah, we talk about all new space and the money that can be made, but we should never ignore the literal hundreds of billions of dollars is being generated right now by the satellite industry. A few years ago, satellites were as big as a school bus. Amazing advances in software and Engineering Technology have allowed us to radically reduce their size to devices of less than 10 kilograms. The so called the nano sat. But there are even smaller and simpler versions of these nanoseconds. The cute sets which are cute, have 10 by 10 centimeters, and about one kilogram in mass. And i think were going to enter an era where if not personal satellites, youre going to have personal satellite capability. Not only are you getting your phone, your internet through satellites right now, but soon what was, was just the purview of governance in terms of Remote Sensing capabilities. I think is going to be coming down to the individual. Small sam have multiple Practical Applications that are already in use nowadays from services for communication, meteorology, military purposes and navigation, to for instance, the Early Detection of forest fires that company a lane space is working on a cube, sat named lu, may 1 for this very purpose none of satellite cubes that are the most come on initiative. Some projects in the new space sector. We have develop launch for none of satellites. In the last 8 years, it gives that distant rotation of the subsystems has arrived. Whos in the process of manufacturing your cube sat all the subsystems must be tested to prove that all the devices work perfectly. All these tests are carried out in a clean room, a fully sterilized space at the university of diego. We are in the clean room and convince facility we usually get all the subsystems probably satellite and also integrated assembly the satellite now if you work on a day will really okay and once all the subsistence, the separate body data, we start the assembly of this argument to put all of them together to wipe over. So then after that, its not that i swear the flame once in orbit satellite searches for and tracks forest fires and sends an alarm signal to a control room where the data gathered by the cube sat is analyzed and Emergency Services are alerted. Ah, basically what we do here is to repair they are the common sequences, send it to the satellite, whos the mission of this satellite . These 2 only detect a monitor wildfires. It was been for that purpose. Ok to do that. We have the sign it up cation failed field to communicate with sensors, deployed on ground all over the world from wildfire, sensors, weather stations, whatever that they can trigger an alarm. When a fire detected, you can send the mater to Emergency Services, so they can arrive, there is more information about the fire. Whos the small since revolution is radically changing the way we connect to space . Until now, most of them are orbiting our planet. However, in the near future, they will also orbit worlds much farther away, such as the moon, or mars whos ah, its saying that space has these intrinsic qualities that are very valuable. Things like the microgravity environment. Things like the fact that its a vacuum environment. All of these were saying we can actually leverage those into new innovations. And so thats where you start to see this kind of paradigm shared those very special conditions of space that we find a lower orbit level. Open a whole range of possibilities for research in the most diverse fields from agriculture to nano medicine, as well as fiber optics, pharmaceutical or deer production. Multiple sectors are studying how to take advantage of these valuable qualities to improve their products on earth. In particular, these unique conditions facilitate the processing of certain materials, like liquids, gases, or jails and space, as well as the manipulation of huge heavy structures without effort. This opens up the possibility of starting to manufacture certain items offer in coming years. It has now been demonstrated, for example, that you can make fiber optic cables in space where you have 0 gravity that are far more efficient than anything that can be beat on earth and the value these things are very high. And so to set up a factory on the orbit to actually make the skies in fact, november 2017 will go down in history as the date when human beings were able to manufacture an item offers and bring it back to the surface for the 1st time ever dmitri steroid about the chief scientist at fonzie was responsible for the brilliant Scientific Program that brought about such a milestone. Our Fiber Program is the 1st commercial effort that generated trevon you from manufacturing on orbital platform. We were able to manufacture a small piece of fiber and prove that actually optical Fiber Manufacturing in microgravity is better than in gravity conditions, specialty optical fibers, like alright optical fibers. The biotech the thermal fields in the microgravity environment provide substantially more uniform and more controllable conditions. For Material Processing that are highly dangerous or we can increase the capacity of Data Transmission for optical fibers made out of new material. We hope that this very 1st amazing step has been just the 1st of many achievements that future in space. Manufacturing industries will bring about ah, without doubt stage the opening up, scientific and business possibilities that we hadnt even dreamed of a few years ago. Ah, the move is the next frontier place which we walked on 50 years ago. And were about to go back to in the coming years. And were not just going there on a return visit, but to settle there permanently. Several private companies are working in fields like mining, human supply systems, transport and Energy Production to allow us to establish ourselves on our satellite. I think the time is coming where Something Like a lunar, be a lunar colony. Adventures on the moon are going to be more commonplace. Its going to have to start small. Of course the moon is very research rich, so you do have water ice and the permanent shattered regions. Thats been proven by a variety of nass emissions and other international missions. I we now know that the moon has many interesting resources that could be very useful for future Permanent Lunar habitat. I in order to properly analyze and extract all of those resources. Many lunar commercial initiatives have recently thrived accompany lunar outpost has been one of the pioneers and may have developed a sophisticated lunar mining rover. Demit is the 1st day beauty diminishing new resource prospector. Designed to analyze lunar soil and search for resources. Its prepared to navigate in both light and dark regions of the moon. Thanks to a sophisticated camera vision system. Future. When you have seen these movies will be able to create a very High Resolution survey of those areas. So as map is driving and operating, it uses 2 different systems to navigate autonomously on the lunar surface. It uses both vision based Navigation System using camera data to scan the surface. However, if youre operating in the dark or in a deep shadow region, the camera wont