To settle international disputes as to visit judges are due to return on Tuesday and the United States has blocked all replacements the u.s. Policy has been escalated considerably by President Trump is under Walker settling trade disputes is one of the w.t.f. Main functions with a disputed panel makes an initial ruling it's not binding if there's an appeal for the forseeable future the Appeal Court won't be able to operate so if a country does appeal the dispute is simply under is old the us has refused to allow new appeals judges to be appointed that reflects a longstanding concern that the dispute system has in effect creating a new trade law however president trumps administration is the 1st to be willing to make it so difficult for the dispute system to function well news from the b.b.c. Environment and finance ministers are starting to arrive at the United Nations Climate Summit in Madrid amid concern that the country's chiefly responsible for carbon emissions are refusing to act on the most important issue of the summit cutting greenhouse gas emissions only the European Union looks poised to set out more ambitious carbon cutting targets. France is preparing for another day of disruption and protests in the dispute over President amount more Micron's pension reforms for a 6 day there are strikes on the railways in Paris only 2 metro lines are working normally and most suburban routes are down the United States Treasury has imposed sanctions on a former Army commander and a businessman with close links to the Cambodian prime minister Hun Sen Jim Her former Joint Chief of Staff has been targeted for his allegedly corrupt ties to China through property development is also accused of using Cambodian soldiers to force people off their property. George Laura the American engineer who developed the barcode has died at the age of 94 the marking made up of black pants and a 12 digit number can be found on almost all products in western shops Charles Havilland reports it was while working as an electrical engineer with i.b.m. That George Laura fully developed the barcode later he would recall how in the early 1970 s. Grocery shops faced mounting costs and the labor intensive need to put price tags on everything the barcode along with the scanner that Laura also developed meant fewer pricing errors and easier accounting the 1st product scanned in Ohio in June 1984 was a packet of Wrigley's Juicy Fruit chewing gum it's now on display at the Smithsonian Institute what is Lee George Laura said he continued to marvel at watching Clark's as he put it dipping the stuff across the scanners Charles Havilland and that's the b.b.c. News. Thanks for the news Hello welcome to News Day with Lawrence and Conny We'll start in The Hague in just a moment we'll also head to New Zealand and to India in just 48 hours also and now until voting begins here in the United Kingdom today we'll look at what young voters make of the campaign and how significant their vote will be if you want to get in touch you got for us the b.b.c. World Service on Facebook and Twitter or you can send us a text or what's at best possible 477-862-0508 extension 5. 1000000 mark has been taken to court on charges of genocide against the minority Muslim population and sang Suchi will attend the International Court of Justice to lead her country's defense yes the Nobel Peace laureate is defending charges of genocide the i.c.j. In The Hague is in effect the United Nations World Court it's not for individuals it's kind of country versus country and the case is being brought in Italy by the Gambia on behalf it says of all countries concerned about genocide in a surprising move on sank Suchi herself is going to be in the Hague she doesn't have to but it's apparently going down well at home being seen as defending the homeland also in court will be our next guest international lawyer Philippe Sands who has written extensively as a historian about the origins of the concept of genocide and he was also the legal counsel among them for the Gambia the cases brought under the 1948 Genocide the 1st post 2nd World War human rights treaty which commits its parties to present and to punish any act of genocide and it gives to the court that convention in Article 9 the power for the International Court of Justice result disputes and what's happened in this case is that the Gambia. In the view that is engaged in genocide lots against certain members of its population their role in that route. That it has the right under the convention that is to bring proceedings to the Hague and to ensure that men Mark plies with its obligations under the convention ultimately no sanction against them though there is no police force that compulsion them and if the aim is to try to help the range of what help will be brought by a distance legal case well I mean you've got to go back to the period for the 2nd World War there was no such international convention if individuals or groups were being targeted by their own countries there was absolutely no place to go what governments decided after 945 is that it was time to change that and so it's absolutely right there isn't an international police force but what there is is the principle traditional Going to the United Nations which is the international court and what it has the power to do is over time in this case give a judgment on what is and is not happening but in the meantime the phase that's going to occur of the next 3 days is called a provisional measures phase where Dandiya has made an application that in the period before final judgment is good that men basically do nothing further to harm it's really population but that's kind of a statement of opinion isn't it or a sort of a desire again either is there anything in forcible in there sometimes I'm just trying to get to the practicalities of how you're hoping to help that's all well it's firstly significant because the decision if the court orders provisional measures those will be legally binding so as a matter of international law then Mull be compelled to comply with them but it could have other consequences as you know there are other proceedings International Criminal Court and also in some domestic courts in Argentina for example if the International Court of Justice rules that this is going on in the measures have to be taken that these genocide lights have to stop that will have a trickle down consequences the hope has to be and the expectation is that if me among. Get such an order it will comply with the old right it inadvertently This is also giving. And her team a future in which many analysts think they will boost her election prospects next year for standing up firmly for her country having done nothing wrong a position which is was it we've extensively heard on this program is actually very popular in Myanmar is that not an issue with if you like the theater of the occasion you end up actually helping the people who are accused Well you know one of the things when you're acting as helps limit you focus on the legal issues and the issues you've raised a broader political considerations which are like outside my knowledge my experience and my direct interests what's significant for today is that the International Court of Justice for only the 3rd time will hear a case alleging genocide the previous 2 cases were in relation to Bosnia and Croatia in the Bosnia Kosovo course the court ruled that Serbia had failed to prevent genocide from occurring among other places actual permits and that has had significant consequences in trickledown consequences so it is a legal and a lot of people will be watching it and it's part of the slow step towards the rule of law in international relations sans international lawyer who's going to be there in the court in The Hague the International Court of Justice facing and sang Suchi to the representatives of the Myanmar government. Now a couple of days to go till the general election in the United Kingdom we'll be bringing you special coverage off the results here on News down Friday morning us given it yes for people to you know all the reason to tune in well last night the B.B.C.'s Question Time programme held a special debate for people aged 18 to 30 Lucy Morell is the associate director at the polling company Britain for. Igs So what do we know about young people and how are they likely to vote so when we look at those aged under 30 labor is far and above the most popular party for this age group but what's really interesting actually is that the polling data is suggesting that support for Labor has cooled slightly amongst younger voters compared to the 2017 election so in 201760 percent of those under 30 voted Labor while the Parle polls are currently sharing this around 51 percent intensity is the same this Thursday Ok so what's changed their mind. And so qualitatively in focus groups what we're hearing at Britain things is that that just doesn't seem to be the same levels of support and excitement and buzz around Jeremy Corbyn as the leader of the party in this election as we were hearing amongst younger people in 2017 that really does seem to be at the heart of this that's really interesting because the Daily Telegraph a newspaper here in the United Kingdom leads with this headline it says that Jeremy Corbyn could win without gaining a seat the reality the conservative says is that Jimmy Corbin is much closer to becoming prime minister than many voters realise without then the majority support of the young voters in the a so it's interesting in terms of the polling more generally I mean is that as we've seen throughout the campaign so far the conservatives have maintained a lead over labor and at the moment that leaders it's around 10 percentage points and so it is looking likely that the conservatives will win an outright outright majority on Vets day but with caution it is still to play for and a move in just a few percentage points could result in a hung parliament so the effect is really important in that sense it could be really significant on Thursday but the key is really going to be turnout marks that so it's Ok so it's all the young vote is going to be voting mainly on the issue of Brecht's it all of the issues. More important to them that's really interesting actually look younger very to say Gretz it is as important as he can give a to says it is other ordinances but one thing that makes young of 8 is quite different is how much they prioritize the environment say 42 percent of those under 30 the environment is one of the top issues that they see is facing the country today and that's 15 percentage points higher than for the country as a whole so for many young great is actually this upcoming election may be just as much a climate election as it is the Bracks it's election as it's being billed quite popularly by everyone now right very briefly talking about priorities young students departing for their holidays around this time it isn't what about what about that being an issue yet turnout is the hardest thing to critics relations of the effects and it's going to have a major impact so we know that younger people are generally less likely to vote and it's promising though that voter registrations among younger people are up compared to the last election but it really doesn't necessarily mean that people are going to vote on the day that's associate director of The Polling Company Britain things Lucy Morrell quarter past the 3 heads sporting business the headlines Myanmar is being taken to the International Court of Justice to try to stop its persecution of the range of minority Democrats are to publish their articles of impeachment against President Trump later on Tuesday and New Zealand Police investigating the deaths of tourists in a volcanic eruption we've got sport now Matthew Kenyon really for Arsenal fans really for Freddie Ljungberg they're standing coach a $31.00 victory over West Ham United ended their run of 9 games without a win last night but heaps pressure on Hammers boss memoir Pelligrini in the English Premier League arsenal at tonight's West Ham just a point above the relegation zone Russian President Vladimir Putin denounced talk he called a collective punishment for the banning of Russia by the World Anti-Doping Agency on Monday it does seem certain there will be an appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport and we've talked quite a lot about. Port and Saudi Arabia in recent days haven't we because of the focus on that country brought by the world heavyweight title fight between Antony Joshua and and he raised Jr last weekend lots of criticism around Saudi Arabia's human rights record in claims of so-called sports washing in other words using sports to improve the nation's reputation or obscure criticism elsewhere so it's noteworthy that to go for Rory McILROY has said there is quote a morality to his decision not to take part in a European golf tour event due in Saudi next month fascinating Matthew Kenyon many thanks indeed business now and I often hear that there are said to be 5 stages of grief a party there's even more stages of power outages in South Africa and that issue is back load shedding systematically switching off various regions in South Africa so everyone has to do everything by candlelight will brain is hearing can tell us more yes Lawrence has such a nice euphemistic word isn't it low setting it basically just means being punched into the exit alley regularly Yes all because of the beleaguered state power firm a bit of a regular of this slot with its monstrous debt it's moved by it slightly chaotic standards to an unprecedented level of disruption this week what they're terming stage 6 as you say load shedding $6000.00 megawatts of power being taken off the electricity grid and it's causing major business disruption as well as an inconvenience as you said fraud in recent Africans as energy analyst Chris Yelland in Johannesburg told me just a moment ago what it means is there. Switches off $6000.00 megawatts of load and it Rick takes this so they're not one customer that is switched off in us but that we all feel the pain on are occasional basis. As the stages increase from stage one which is 1000 megawatts getting a. 1000 they were so people and businesses and spec trees and consumers experience longer periods of low chatting and more frequently but is really economically devastating for the economy yard bat because we hear already we've seen press. Leases coming into us here in the b.b.c. From various of the big mining firms for example China having to pause or stop operations but I imagine at the other end of the economic scale if you run says Move shop you've got anything in a free got a tail that works electronically want to take card payments it must be impossible to run your business it is many businesses including a publishing business that I operate when there are sales you literally cannot operate unless you have your own. And of course this is what people are doing it's really a productive investment in the sense that it doesn't enable you to create more production it's just you know it was year to continue your production costs so this has implications for jobs for insulation for the general economy I know the weary South Africans like you self Chris a quite used to these load shedding as they're so she even mystically called black rolling blackouts over the years but it feels like this one is more serious as you say it's reached uncharted territory does it mean that the response from the government now needs to be unprecedented we're waiting for government to take action fast. So you can use you know Madge and your fellow said Africans dark humor pun intended doing the rounds on on Twitter this morning one of my favorites and God said Let there be light and Eskom turned around and said no only we get to deal that out when we cheat. There's another one a what's the difference between South Africa and the Titanic when the Titanic went down the lights were on. And the band was still playing I suppose that string so I guess they could deal strings no amps no exactly I remember rolling power cuts in Britain when I was a lad there was a big mine a strike an hour abused have to get the local paper and I wanted to watch and of Green Gables on the b.b.c. And I had to check out where there was a little city so whether I could watch it at home or ride my bicycle across town to where my grandparents were in on the telly and 14 this is 10 years of this and it's now. Because of a strike and it sees no sign of some abating and it's on stage 6 it's got up to many thanks indeed we'll buy in with the business so that's business and sport this is News Day It's 20 past the hour we're going to go to New Zealand next where the police says say they believe there are no more survivors from an eruption on one of the country's most active volcanoes what Cari also known as White Island 5 tourists have been confirmed dead but at least 8 are still missing offices say that they will investigate how the deaths happened the B.B.C.'s Danny Vincent joins us now from the town nearby What are police saying Danny. That's right earlier today the police made a statement after a press conference they said that they were planning originally to see conducts a criminal investigation to try to get some clarity over what actually happened here yesterday since then they've backtracked they said that no longer looking into creating a criminal investigation but ordinary investigation they want to have some of the details. And to have a better understanding of what exactly went wrong now the community have been pretty shocked by this tragedy. Originally this was being described as a rescue mission by the authorities this morning the prime minister described this simply as a recovery operation that means that the authorities are not confident that there are still survivors left on the island and there was some good news some people were rescued What's the condition of those survivors can you tell us. That's right there were members of the various tours that were rescued. Yesterday after these large clouds of ash spewed up into the air there were rescued now taken back to New Zealand mainland and since then many have been taken to hospitals across the country but the authorities of also warned us that many of the the patients have been suffering from severe burns and it will take them considerable amount of time to make a full recovery do we know Danny who the missing are any any indication as to who they might be where they're from. Well what we do know is that there are around $20000.00 tourists that come see White Island every year it's one of the fact it's the most active folk in New Zealand is a popular tourist destination and it attracts tourists from all around the world we've been told that they're all Americans and Germans and Australians and Linda's And of course there are also 2 British people that were present on the island at the time or off to the actual. Time is that this is something that affected the local community here but it's also going to have implications much wider because there will be family members and friends all around the world looking for more news to find out what happened and other loved ones absolutely what's the mood like in the town way you. The people I've been speaking to our surprise of course this is a small town but many people actually rely on the tourist industry now I think that people are aware that they're living very close to active volcano many people who have visited the business of the volcano and it became somewhat normal seeing whites smoke being pumped out at normal levels at your and tourist seasons but nobody expected to see a tragedy like this on this scale I think that the prime minister is asking which each he says that there are many questions that need to be on because so