The only way states avoid paying too much for these programs is they have long waiting lists. In some states waiting lists are two or three years, so chances are very good you will be dead before you get to the top of the list. Ifill plus, wildly popular, profanity laced bedtime stories for parents. Ill read you one very last book if you swear youll go bleep to sleep. Woodruff those are some of the stories were covering on tonights pbs newshour. Major funding for the pbs newshour has been provided by moving our economy for 160 years. Bnsf, the engine that connects us. Thanks for my first car. Thanks for giving me your smile, your motivation, and your belief that loved ones always come first. We wouldnt be where we are if it were not for the people that helped get us here. Dont forget to thank those who helped you to take charge of your future and got you where you are today. The boss of your life. The chief life officer. Lincoln financial. Youre in charge. Supported by the john d. And catherine t. Macarthur foundation. Committed to building a more just, verdant and peaceful world. More information at macfound. Org and with the ongoing support of these institutions and. This program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting. And by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. Thank you. Ifill the plunging price of oil fell toward new fiveyear lows today with no end in sight. It came as the Energy Department reported higher u. S. Stockpiles and opec projected sharply lower demand. In new york, oil dropped nearly five percent to just under 61 a barrel. Thats a 17 drop in just two weeks. Woodruff the oil selloff dragged down Energy Stocks and sent the rest of wall street sharply lower. The Dow Jones Industrial average lost 268 points to close at 17,533; the nasdaq fell 82 points to close at 4,684; and the s p 500 shed 33, to finish at 2,026. Ifill the city of detroit will officially emerge from the largest municipal bankruptcy in american history, at midnight. Michigan Governor Rick Snyder announced it today, now that a federal judge has approved plans to shed 7 billion of the citys 18 billion in debt. This has been an extremely difficult and hard process for many people. But people worked together, and i think weve got an outstanding outcome, far better than peoples expectations. And now most importantly, we have the city poised for a new chapter, a new chapter thats about the growth of the city of detroit. Ifill the state, foundations, and the Detroit Institute of art have pitched in to ease pension cuts and protect the citys Art Collection from sale. Woodruff in brazil, a National Truth commission today issued a sweeping report on torture and other abuses during a long military dictatorship. The Brazilian Commission detailed systematic torture and hundreds of killings and disappearances between 1964 and 1985. It also called for revoking an amnesty and prosecuting those responsible. Ifill tensions have flared anew between israel and the palestinian authority, with the death of a palestinian cabinet official. Ziad abu ayn died today after a confrontation in the west bank. Video showed an Israeli Border policeman grabbing ayn and shoving him back. Minutes later, he collapsed, clutching his chest. He died en route to a hospital. Woodruff the u. N. s Refugee Agency is urging governments worldwide to help refugees who brave the open seas, socalled boat people. The agency reported today that a record 348,000 people sailed in rickety, crowded vessels this year, to reach safe shores. More than 200,000 of them arrived in europe, after leaving the middle east and north africa. But overall, nearly 4,300 people have died in the risky sea crossings. Ifill this was awards day for the recipients of the 2014 nobel peace prize. Pakistani teenager malala yousafzai, the youngest Nobel Laureate ever, accepted the honor in oslo, norway. Richard pallot of independent Television News reports. Malala, please comeed for. applause reporter she has achieved what some of the greatest statesmen and women spend their lifetime striving for. Like for most teenaged triumphs mom and dad came along, too. Their daughter was not getting a school prize but the nobel peace one. cheers and applause this award is not just for me. It is for those forgotten children who want education. It is for those frightened children who want peace. Reporter it is a little over two years since the taliban shot malala in the head for championing girls rights to education. But that brutality has, ironically, opened the door to young females here. Students talk of how both sexes are now taught alongside one another, ly, fairly, more safely. As for malawla, well, shes now at school in. Im the first recipient of the nobel peace price who still fights with her younger brothers. laughter reporter so it seems the only place she doesnt bring peace is at home. Ifill yousafzai shared the award with indian child rights activist kailash satyarthi. Woodruff back in this country, National FootballLeague Owners have approved a new personal conduct policy. The n. F. L. Has come under fire in recent months for its handling of Domestic Violence incidents involving professional players. The changes include a more extensive list of banned conduct and hiring a special counsel for investigations. League commissioner roger goodell. The policy is comprehensive, it is strong, it is tough and it is better for everyone associated with the n. F. L. I have stated it many times, being a part of the n. F. L. Is a privilege, it is not a right. Woodruff the changes, which take effect immediately, also include a new conduct committee charged with reviewing policies at least annually. The federal Aviation Administration granted permission today for four companies to use drones in surveillance, construction site monitoring, and oil rig inspections. That makes 13 u. S. Companies with permits so far. Woodruff still to come on the newshour. Debating the effectiveness of torture. Whats in and whats out in the congressional spending deal. How the u. S. And iraq can Work Together to defeat the Islamic State group. Michigan Senior Citizens move out of Nursing Homes in order to Lower Health Care costs. The human toll of producing jewelry made out of jade. And, profane bedtime stories popular with parents. Ifill now, the fallout from the Senate Intelligence committees report charging torture and deceit at the c. I. A. The interrogations described in the Senate Report spanned the globe from guantanamo bay, cuba, to afghanistan. Criticism came from around the world today as well. The new afghan president , ashraf ghani, spoke in kabul. The report is shocking. All accepted principles, human rights, the United States constitution, and all accepted international norms, have been violated by c. I. A. Agents and their contractors. Ifill in iran, a twitter account linked to Supreme Leader ayatollah khamanei said americans have been debased and misguided by their government. China also took the chance to shift the focus to american actions and away from accusations that beijing routinely tortures political opponents. translated china opposes torture. We think the u. S. Should reflect and correct their actions. The u. S. Should abide to International Conventions and regulations. Ifill White House Press secretary josh earnest conceded the u. S. Will have to work to rebuild its moral authority. The release of this report is critically important step because it demonstrates a commitment to transparency, it demonstrates a commitment to accountability in terms of confessing up for falling short, and it also demonstrates a commitment to making sure these kinds of short comings dont happen again. Ifill countries that once hosted secret c. I. A. Prisons also felt the fallout including poland, where a former president insisted he never knew any particulars. translated the american side turned to the polish side with a request to find a quiet place where it could conduct operations to effectively obtain information from persons who were willing to cooperate with the u. S. Side. We agreed to this. Ifill in lithuania, the Prime Minister pressed for information on whether detainees were tortured at a site near vilnius. The United Nations special counterterror investigator said the interrogators themselves should be prosecuted. And u. S. Senator mark udall, the outgoing democratic senator from colorado, demanded highranking c. I. A. Officials be fired. Its bad enough not to prosecute these officials, but to reward or promote them and risk the integrity of the u. S. Government to protect them is incomprehensible. The president needs to purge his administration of high level officials who were instrumental to the development and running of this program. He needs to force cultural change at c. I. A. Ifill but former c. I. A. Director Michael Hayden pushed back, here this morning nbcs today show. I dont know that the report that was released yesterday is that historically accurate. It reads like a prosecutorial screed rather than a historical document. Ifill meanwhile, six american embassies around the world stepped up security, in case of possible attacks. Ifill so does torture work . Do detainees who undergo harsh interrogations talk . To help us answer that, im joined now by bill harlow, he was c. I. A. Spokesman from tktk. And, David Iglesias, a former u. S. Attorney and senior prosecutor of a guantanamo detainee. Bill harlow, aside from these moral and legal questions, whats the answer to the question . Is it useful . Was it effective to use torture . To start with you, would disagree with the term torture. The enhanced Interrogation Program we utilizeed on a hand full of top terrorists, absolutely, beyond any doubt, produced vital intelligence that helped keep america safe. Ifill give me an example . Osama bin laden. The report would lead you to believe there wasnt much information that came out of detain subjected to enhanced interrogation that led to him. That is just wrong. There were detainees subjected to e. I. T. Enhanced interrogation that provided vital information. One provided a little bit of information before e. I. T. S. Afterwards, he gave us great detailed information that told us for the first time that a particular person was carrying messages to bin laden outside of afghanistan. This we are not heard before. The other detainee told us even more information about letters that this person had been carrying back and forth do bin laden. Suddenly, we had information which told us that this person, above all others, needed to be focused on, and years of hard work after that led to abad ban. David iglesias, does it work, and did it work in this case of Osama Bin Laden . No it, doesnt work. The broadband e. I. T. S a euphemism for torture is it doesnt work pup always want to get a voluntary statement with reliable information, and in every case that the Senate Committee looked at, the actual evidence used came from nonabusive interrogation tactics. So as a former war crimes prosecutor, i can tell you, its radioactive, and more importantly, from a real politic point of view, it just doesnt work. Ifill could the same information, bill harlow, been elicited without the e. I. T. S. No, it couldnt. And in fact what you just heard there is what the majority report tells you. What i havent heard anybody say in the reporting on this network and recallings is whether they read the minority report which rebuts much of what was said in the Feinstein Committee report. The information was very available. It was information which was not available. And the other thing thats missing is the context of the time. We didnt have time to wait around and see if we might eventually find out this information. This was a period when we were under great threat for a Second Attack on the United States. We had a hand full of people howe knew were responsible for the first attack and would very likely be able to tell us how to stop the next one. We couldnt afford to wait. We didnt. And we were successful. Ifill David Iglesias, thats an argument thats been made, especially in the last 24 hours. This is about timing, including the khalid shake mohammed case as well, we had to get the information however we needed to get it in order to protect americans. Well, there was no ticking timebomb. Thats a justification people have been using that because another attack was imminent, we had to resort to this. But if you look at the majority report, you look at the interrogation of abu zah bayda, he actually us the name of muktar, Khalid Sheikh mohammed, and that was done through a traditional model of interrogation. It wasnt derived from abusive interrogation techniques, so i respectfully glint from that. He gave us that bit of information while he was being medically treated and when he became healthy again he clammed up and stopped traelg us information. And only because he stopped telling us information, and that timebomb was still ticking, did we escalate to other tactics and he gave us much more information, much, much more information than that one nugget after he was subject to e. I. T. S. Ifill David Iglesias, is it possible that enhanced ipterigation, to use the term of art, is something that is useful to elicit information, dean information from people deeply committed to not cooperating . No, its a ruse. The term enhanced interrogation technique say ruse. You always want to get accurate information. You want actionable intelligence, and you do that by getting a voluntary statement. Look, i can get somebody to admit to being the second shoot nert j. F. K. Shooting in i use the right techniques, but thats a worthless confession. We want something thats usable in court and usable to prevent future attacks, and the position of the majority, which i agree with, is by using traditional interrogations. Ifill how do you know the difference between if its not corroborated elsewhere how do you know the difference between good information and Bad Information gleend using these tactics . What we just said was there was an example of misinformation about how this works. This e. I. T. S were applied for just a few days or weeks elderly in their tenure. For years later, abu zah bade a. C. A. Lead sheikh mohammed, provided us lots and lots of information, which we could validate. They gave us names. They gave us locations. They gave us phone numbers of terrorists. We knew a lot of what they were giving us was valid information. It wasnt in order to stop the pain. The pain had stopped years, months before. They were telling us stuff which we could validate, and we knew a lot of answers before we asked the question so we knew when they were telling us the truth and when they werent. With your respect, his focus as a prosecutor, he wants to get a prosecution, a conviction. Thats a wonderful thing. Our focus was to stop the next attack. And thats what we did. Ifill did the process get in the way of getting the best information, David Iglesias . The process worked fine had we stuck to the traditional use of f. B. I. Techniques which is the Gold Standard. You sit them down. You make them comfortable. You establish rapport and then they will give you information. Its when you resort to torture or abusive interrogation, thats when you start getting information that typically is not helpful. Ifill if abusive interrogation, bill harlow, is useful, and the administration is to be believed theyve stopped using it, theyve stopped doing it, what are we missing . What dont we someone what danger are we in because of not using that now . Well, we dont really know what were missing. This administration has said they dont want to dirty their hands with this kind of interrogation. They use croab drones to kill suspected terrorists. We were interrogating known terrorists to stop the next attack. Theyre going after suspected terrorists, killing them, and those who happen to be near them, and while that may be preferable for some moral reason, we lose any possible intelligence you might collect from whats in that persons mind, in their pockets on their computer, because theyve been obliterated by a hellfire missile. Ifill he used the term dirtying hands David Iglesias. Has the administration risked american lives by wanting to be more hands off in its pursuit of terrorists instead of doing what he says works . Well, its preferable to have to get human intelligence, and you do that through questioning, and the point that ive been trying to make, is the most reliable information you get is through noncoercive techniques, and we have been using this in Law Enforcement for decades. The militarys been using humane treatment since world war ii. And theres nothing new about human nature. So, no, i i believe we need to stick to the Gold Standard in all attackers. Ifill David Iglesias, bill harlow, thank you both very much. Thank you. Ifill a top kurdish leader was in washington today to meet woodruff one day before the u. S. Government faces another shutdown. Republicans in congress insist they will get a funding bill passed in time. Our political reporter and editor, Li